CSF & Ventricles Flashcards by Mayank Kamani

Glial cells derived from Neuroectoderm

Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal cells

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Glial cell derived from Mesoderm

Microglia

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Schwann cells derived from

Neural Crest Cells

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CSF is actively secreted by

Choroidal plexus

Minor Source;

Ependymal cells
Brain substance through Perivascular Space

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Ependymal cells encloses tuft of capillaries is called as

Tela choroidae → which forms Choroid plexus

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Capillaries forming the tela chotoidae are derived from

Choroidal arteries

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Anterior choroidal artery is a branch of

Internal Carotid Artery

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Posterior choroidal artery is a branch of

Posterior cerebral artery

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Anterior choroidal artery supplies Choroid Plexus of _____________ Ventricles

Lateral Ventricles

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Posterior Choroidal Artery supplies Choroid Plexus of ____________ Ventricle

Third(3rd)

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Choroid plexus of 4th Ventricle derived from which artery

PICA > AICA

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Total volume of CSF produced per day

500-600 ml/day > 600-700 ml/day

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Name the aperture through which CSF comes to

Cisterna magna / Cerebellomedullary cistern

from 4th ventricle

Foramen of Magendie

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Foramen of Luschka connects

2 lateral Foramen of Luschka;

connects 4th Ventricle to Cerebellopontine Angle Cistern

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Foramen of Magendie and Foramen of Luschka are present in the

Inferior Medullary Velum

It forms the roof of 4th ventricle

It is made up of non-nervous tissue

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Cistern means

Enlarged Subarachnoid Space

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CSF from the Subarachnoid Space will drain into Dural Venous Sinus via

Arachnoid Villi

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Bridging vein is content of

Subdural Space

In Subdural haemorrhage, Bridging veins are involved

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Hypertrophy of Arachnoid Villi is called as

Arachnoid Granulations / Pacchonion Bodies

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Aqueductal Stenoisis leads to ?

Is mc cause for?

Dilation of 3rd Ventricle

Is the mc cause for Congenital Hydrocephalus

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Atresia of Foramen Magendie and Luschka seen in

Dandy Walker Syndrome ~ it is due to the Cyst in Posterior Cranial Fossa

→ Dilatation of 4th ventricle

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What is Cavum Septum Pellucidum

It is the space between the 2 Septal Leaflets

Present in the early stages of development

Until 36th week of Pregnancy

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Cavum Septum Pellucidum is present until

36th week of pregnancy

After that 2 Septal Leaflets will fuse and

Forms Septum Pellucidum

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How Cavum Septum Pellucidum gets CSF

It filters CSF from Ventricle through septal leaflets

Has no communication with any ventricle

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MC type of Cavum Septum Pellucidum is

Non Communicating Type

What is Collateral Trigone

It is the Junction of Lateral Ventricle between the Body, Inferior Horn and Posterior Horn

Relation of Caudate Nucleus to Anterior Horn ~ And Body ~

Floor for Anterior Horn and Body of lateral Ventricle is formed by Head of the Caudate Nucleus

Relation of Caudate Nucleus to Inferior Horn~

For inferior horn Roof is formed by Caudate Nucleus

Anterior Horn relations Anteriorly ~ Roof ~ Medially~ Floor and lateral wall ~

Anteriorly ~ Genu and Rostrum of Corpus Callosum Roof ~Body of Corpus Callosum Medially~ Septum pellucidum Floor and Lateral wall ~ Caudate Necleus

Extension of Body of Lateral Ventricle

Extending from Foramen of Monro to Splenium of corpus callosum

Body of Lateral Ventricle relations Roof~ Floor-Medial ~ Floor-Lateral ~ Medially~

Roof ~ Body of Corpus Callosum Floor-Medial ~ Fornix Floor-Lateral ~ Thalamus and Caudate Medially ~ Septum Pellucidum

Floor on the Medial Side (of the Body of Lateral Ventricle) is formed by

Fornix

Floor on the Lateral Side (of the Body of Lateral Ventricle) is formed by

Thalamus and Caudate Nucleus

Floor and Lateral wall of Posterior Horn is formed by

Tapetum

Medial wall of Posterior Horn is formed by

2 Elevations; Forceps major Calcar avis

Forceps major arise from

Splenium of Corpus Callosum

Anterior Part of Calcarine Sulcus forms an elevation is

Calcar Avis ~ it is a Medial relation of Posterior Horn

Inferior horn relations Roof ~ Floor ~

Roof ~ Tapetum + Tail of Caudate Nucleus Floor ~ Hippocampus + Collateral Eminence

Collateral sulcus forms

Collateral Eminence, Present in the Floor of Inferior Horn

2 Sulci giving impression in the lateral ventricle are

Calvar Avis Collateral sulcus These are Complete Sulcus

3rd Ventricle derided from

Diencephalon It is the cavity of Diencephalon

Lateral wall of 3rd ventricle is formed by

Thalamus and Hypothalamus

Anterior Relations of 3rd Ventricle is formed by

1. Anterior columns of Fornix 2. Anterior Commissure 3. Lamina Terminalis

1st Commissure to develop in Brain

Anterior Commissure

Sequential arrangement of formation of Commissural fibres

Anterior Commissure - 1st Fornix - 2nd Corpus Callosum - 3rd

Fornix is made up of

Association Fibres > Commissural Fibres > Projection Fibres

OVLT means

Organum Vasculosum Lamina Terminalis - Is Remnant of Cranial Neuropore - No BBB in OVLT

Remnant of Cranial Neuropore is

OVLT

Cranial Neoropore will close by

25th Day

Posterior relations of 3rd Ventricle

1. Pineal Gland 2. Habenular Commissure 3. Posterior Commissure

Floor of 3rd Ventricle is Formed by A B C D E F G

A ~ Optic Chiasma B ~ Infundibulum C ~ Pituitary Gland D ~ Tuber Cinereum E ~ Mammillary Body F ~ Post. Perforated Substance G ~ Tegmentum of MB

Contents of Inter Peduncular Fossa are same ad Floor of 3rd Ventricle except

First ~ and Last ~ Except Optic Chiasma and Tegmentum of MB

Contents of Inter Peduncular Fossa

Oculomotor Nerve + Infundibulum Pituitary Gland Tuber Cinereum Mammillary body Posterior Perforated Substance

Roof of 4th ventricle is formed by Above ~ Below ~

Above ~ Superior Medullary Velum (Nervous tissue) Below ~ Inferior Medullary Velum (Non Nervous tissue, made up of Ependymal)

Floor of 4th Ventricle is formed by

Lower part of Pons Upper part of Medulla Stria Medullaris ~ white matter between Pons and Medulla

Shape of 4th Ventricle

Diamond shaped

Pigmented area in the upper part of Sulcus limitans

Locus ceruleus ~ bluish grey in color Present in the lower part of pons in the floor of 4th ventricle

Between the Median Sulcus and Sulcus Limitans, round swelling is called

Facial colliculus ~ present in the lower part of pons

Facial colliculus is due to

Axons of Facial Nerve

Nucleus under the Facial colliculus

Abducent Nucleus

Damage to Facial Colliculus will results in Structure damaged ~ Muscle Affected ~

Axons of Facial Nerve > Abducent Nucleus Risorius muscle > Lateral rectus

Triangle in the Lateral aspect of Sulcus limitans

Vestibualr Triangle ~ contains Vestibular Nucleus

Two triangles in the lower part of floor of 4th ventricle | Or upper part of medulla

1. Hypoglossal Triangle | 2. Vagal Triangle

Circumventricular Organs

1. OVLT (Lamina Terminalis) 2. Median Eminence 3. Post. Part of Pituitary 4. Pineal Gland 5. Area Postrema 6. Sub commissural organs 7. Sun fornical organs