CSIM 1.27 Cell Co-operation in the Immune Response Flashcards Preview

CSIM 1: Immunology Strand > CSIM 1.27 Cell Co-operation in the Immune Response > Flashcards

Flashcards in CSIM 1.27 Cell Co-operation in the Immune Response Deck (7)
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1
Q

When macrophages are primed by a penetrated barrier, what does the macrophage do?

A

They recognise a PAMP or IFN-Ɣ, causing them to become hyperactivated, leading them to:

Act as APC for T cells:
• Upregulates MHCII
• Upregulates costimulatory molecules

Begin killing pathogens:
• Increase reactive oxygen species
• Increase lysosome number

Release cytokines:
• Starts a fever and activates other cells

2
Q

What is SIRS?

A

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome

3
Q

Describe the NK cell response to infection

A

Secrete IFN-Ɣ to activate the macrophages.

Secretes TNFα and IL-12 to activate more NK cells

Looks for antibodies bound to presented antigens

4
Q

Describe how neutrophils are recruited

A

Neutrophils free in the blood begin to ‘roll’ along the endothelium (due to selectins) OF A VEIN until they find a cell adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, which binds to it and brings it into the interstitium

NB: cytokines cause selectins to be expressed in the endothelium

5
Q

Where are naive B and T lymphocytes typically activated

A

Lymphoid organs
• Lymph nodes
• Spleen
• Lymphoid tissue

6
Q

Where do lymphocytes return to the blood?

A

The thoracic duct

7
Q

What is CD40L involved in?

A
  • Class switching

* Upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules within APCs containing the same antigen as an armed effector CD4 T cell