CSS

Question 1

Describe the syntax of a CSS rule-set.

Answer 1

A typical CSS rule-set consists of one of more selectors which identifies the HTML elements to be styled, and the declaration block within curly braces, which contains the CSS property name(s) and property value(s), separated by a colon and completed with a semicolon. If there there are multiple property-value sets, they should be separated by semicolons.

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

.class-name

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

Using just the element name, ex: h1, p, div

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

id-name

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

RGB Values, Hex Codes, and color names.
-extra-
HSL
HSLA
RGBA

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

The content width and height, padding, border, margin.

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

Margins.
Note: Be aware of margin collapse where the top and bottom margins of elements can collapse into a single margin that is equal to the largest value of the two margins.

Question 8

Which CSS property adds space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

Padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

It’s a keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s)

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

CSS pseudo-classes are used to add styles to selectors when those selectors meet certain conditions, whether that’s based on the content of the document tree, or on external factors, ex: position of the mouse (hover)

Question 11

Name at least two units of type size in CSS.

Answer 11

Px and percentages
-extra-
ems, ex, and rem

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

Font-family

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

The default flex-direction of a flex container is row.

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

Nowrap

Question 15

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 15

Row

Question 16

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 16

position: static

Question 17

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 17

It does not affect the position of surrounding elements; they stay
in the position they would be in in normal flow. The elements just moves.

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 18

Relative positioning moves an element in relation to where it would have been in normal flow, based on the box offset property values.

Question 19

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 19

It is taken out of normal flow, it does not affect the position of any surrounding elements, it’s like it’s not there.

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 20

Absolutely positioned elements move as users scroll up and
down the page. It will position itself in relation to the nearest ancestor container it’s in that has a non-static position property.

Question 21

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 21

They constrain themselves to the first non-static containing block, so it must be set to a position property that is relative or it will go up the chain of parents that have a non-static property on it.

Question 22

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 22

Top, bottom, left, right.

Question 23

What are the four components of “the Cascade”.

Answer 23

Source order, Inheritance, specificity, and important keyword

Question 24

What does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 24

The order that your CSS rules are written in your stylesheet.

Question 25

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 25

Inheritance. NOTE: The inherit keyword, used as the value of the desired property, or if you want all style properties inherited, the short-had property all with a value of inherit.

Question 26

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 26

Type selector (and pseudo elements), then class selector (and attribute and pseudo-classes), then Id selectors

Question 27

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 27

Because it makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets.

Question 28

What does the transform property do?

Answer 28

The transform CSS property lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element. It modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model.

Question 29

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 29

Scale() Skew() Rotate() Translate()

Question 30

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 30

Display-mode, min-width -- Extra – Hover, pointer, monochrome, orientation, device-width, max-width, width and more.

Question 31

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 31

*angle bracket* meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" *close angle bracket*

Question 32

What is the purpose of CSS?

Answer 32

To define visual styles and formatting for web pages displayed on different devices and screen sizes.

Question 33

What are the different ways to insert CSS into web pages?

Answer 33

There are three primary ways to insert css styling for web pages: 1) External CSS - defining the css styling in a separate `.css` file. Each HTML page must include a reference to the external style sheet file inside the `` element within the `` section of the HTML document. The `` element should include two attributes: the `rel` attribute that defines the relationship of the linked resource to the current document, here it would be something to the effect of `stylesheet`, and the `href` attribute containing the value of the file path to the the `stylesheet`. 2) Internal CSS - defining the css styling using a `