CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

Rule set for selector, declaration, property, value

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

.classname

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

element name followed by curly braces

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

id name

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

RGB (0, 0, 0), hexcode, and predefined color names

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

height, width, padding, border, margin

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

Margin

Question 8

Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

class added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element(s). Example: hover, active, visited. Denoted as selector:pseudoclass

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

Way of making a certain state of an element visible (useful if you want to see what links have been already visited)

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

em, px

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

Default direction is row: all the items appear on a horizontal row

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

Default flex-wrap is nowrap: all items will be on a single horizontal line

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

Divs are block level elements; they starts on a new line and take up all the horizontal space available

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

The default flex-direction is row, left to right on a single horizontal line

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

static

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

It does not affect the document flow, it is still in flow. Neighboring elements still “see” it

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

It has no effect on its position unless we specify top, bottom, left, or right

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

The element will disregard the document flow. All other elements will ignore its existence

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

Positions element in relation to its containing element (containing element must be non-static)

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

The containing block must have a non-static position

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

top, bottom, left, right

Question 24

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 24

min-width

max-width

Question 25

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 25

HTML Viewport meta tag

Question 26

What are the four components of "the Cascade".

Answer 26

source order, specificity, inheritance, importance

Question 27

What does the term "source order" mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 27

If you have more than one rule, which has exactly the same weight, then the one that comes last in the CSS will win. Which ever rule is written later on the css stylesheet will style the element

Question 28

How is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional CSS rule?

Answer 28

Through inheritance. inherited properties, which by default are set to the computed value of the parent element. Example: in line elements within other elements. em within p element with p element having a color rule.

Question 29

List the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 29

``` type selector class selector id selector ```

Question 30

Why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 30

It makes debugging more difficult by breaking the natural cascading in your stylesheets.

Question 31

What does the transform property do?

Answer 31

The transform CSS property lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element. It modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model.

Question 32

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 32

translateY, rotate, skew, scale

Question 33

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 33

transition-delay - how long to wait to start transition transition-duration - how long the animation time is transition-property - sets the CSS properties to which a transition effect should be applied. transition-timing-function - sets how intermediate values are calculated for CSS properties being affected by a transition effect (ease-in steps)

Question 34

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 34

The points at which a media query is introduced are known as breakpoints. The min-widths or max-widths

Question 35

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a "column" class in a responsive layout?

Answer 35

percentage is relative to the viewport size whereas pixel values are hard values and different viewports might have different pixel values

Question 36

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will "win". Why is that?

Answer 36

Cascading style sheet follow source order. The rule that was written later on the document will be abided by