CSS

Question 1

What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

css selector and declaration block (properties and values)

Question 2

In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

with a dot and the class name

Question 3

In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

with the element’s name

Question 4

In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

with the # character

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.

Answer 5

RGB values, hex codes, color names

Question 6

What CSS properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

margin, padding, border (and content but content is not a property)

Question 7

Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

Which CSS property adds space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

What is a pseudo-class?

Answer 9

a keyword added to a selector (hover, active, focus, etc) that specifies a special state of the selected element(s)

ex: :hover can be used to change a button’s color when the user’s pointer hovers over it

a keyword that is used to apply a selector to a specific state (certain thing happening in user interaction, history of the navigator– when you click on a link, it turns purple)

a psuedo class is a class apply by a browser to an element in certain situation

Question 10

What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?

Answer 10

they let you apply a style to an element when a specified action (such as hovering) occurs

Question 11

Name at least two units of type size in CSS.

Answer 11

px and rem

Question 12

What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family

Question 13

What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?

Answer 13

row

Question 14

What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?

Answer 14

nowrap

Question 15

Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

because div is a block element and it takes up the whole width so the next div has to start on a new line

Question 16

What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?

Answer 16

row

Question 17

What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

position: static (normal flow of webpage)

Question 18

How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

it doesn’t affect the flow, it just overlaps them and shifts the elements

Question 19

How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

it moves the element relative to the normal placement (ex: position relative top: 10px means offset 10px FROM the top)

Question 20

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

the document acts like the element doesn’t exist

Question 21

How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

its going to affect it where it appears on the page by getting out of the element ? completely and finds the closest nonstatic element

you only use position: absolute when you multiple layers of elements you want to overlay and you want element in a relative container (if you don’t set a relative container, then its going to position within the viewport/html

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

absolute position element needs to be inside an element that has a position set (such as relative position)

Question 23

What are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

right, left, top, bottom

Question 24

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule.

Answer 24

width and device width

Question 25

Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 25

viewport metatag

Question 26

The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?

Answer 26

transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, transition-delay

Question 27

What does the transform property do?

Answer 27

lets you rotate, scale, skew, or translate an element

Question 28

Give four examples of CSS transform functions.

Answer 28

translate(), scale(), rotate(), skew()

Question 29

What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?

Answer 29

the point at which media query is used

a mark at some sort where new styling is introduced

Question 30

What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 30

when you miminize or maximize your screen the element will resize up to the percentage you specified at

using percentage allows for more percentage and works with every viewport. you will still have to specify the width for certain viewport but it wont be as many as pixels

percentage possibly provide less styling than pixels

Question 31

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?

Answer 31

code at the bottom takes precedence over code above

what we’re dealing with here is source order

media queries are completely reliance on source order to do their job