CSWIP 3.2 QUESTIONS Flashcards
1
Q
Dropping characteristics power source is suitable for
A- MIG AND TIG
B- TIG AND MMA
A
TIG and MMA
2
Q
A common gas mixture using MIG welding of nickel ( stainless steel ) alloys to combine good levels of penetration with good arc stability would be -
A- 100% C02
B-100% Argon
C-80 argon - 20 C02
D-98% argon -2% oxygen
A
D - 98% Argon - 2% Oxygen
3
Q
Necking -
A) is when the elastic point is reached
B) when the proof stress is reached
C) when the specimen has gone past it’s elastic point and moving into plastic zone
D) is the point just before failure
A
D) is the point just before failure
4
Q
The transition range is -
A) is the point between yield and UTS
B) it’s the range between the lowest inter pass temp and the highest inter pass temp where welding can take place .
C) is a range plot in Charpy impact testing
D) is the range curve for hardness testing
A
A) is the point between yield and UTS
5
Q
Highest Hydrogen levels would be found in -
A) E6013
B) E6011
C) e6018
A
B) E6011
6
Q
Fracture testing -
A)Is used to asses the strength of a fillet weld
B) used to asses the strength of a butt weld
C) Detects lack of root penetration
D) both a and c
A
C) Detects lack of root penetration
7
Q
In HICC ( Heat induced Cold Cracking ) , which of the following statements is not true ?
A) it occurs immediately after welding
B) Cellulosic rods are ideal to avoid HICC
C) Pre heating will increase the chances
D) all of the above
A
D) all of the above
8
Q
A radio graphic test cannot reveal ?
A) the length of a defect
B) the location of the defect
C) the depth of the defect
D) the type of defect
A
C) the depth of the defect
9
Q
Which of the following is the odd one out ?
A) under bead cracking
B) cold cracking
C) HICC ( heat induced cold cracking )
D) Hot cracking
A
D) Hot cracking
10
Q
Drooping characteristic:
A) is so called because welding current drops constantly during the welding operation .
B) works on the basis of a large change in voltage equals a small change in amps
C) uses a self adjusting arc to balance amps and Volts
D) works on the basis that a small change in volts equals a large change in Amps
A
B) works on the basis of a large change in voltage equals a small change in amps
11
Q
The term A% is used ?
A) To determine the yield point
B) In Charpy impact testing
C) In COTD testing
D) to denote elongation
A
D) to denote elongation
12
Q
If the original gauge length of 50mm increases to 55.6 mm in all weld tensile test , the percentage is :
( 55.6mm divided by 50 X 100 )
A) 5.6%
B) 10.2%
C) 11.5%
D) 11.2%
A
D) 11.2%
13
Q
If the original gauge length of 50mm increases to 55.6 mm in all weld tensile test , the percentage is :
( 55.6mm divided by 50 X 100 )
A) 5.6%
B) 10.2%
C) 11.5%
D) 11.2%
A
D) 11.2%
14
Q
The purpose of post heating a weld joint is ?
A) To change the microstructure of the weld metal
B) To allow time for the hydrogen to diffuse out
C) To temper the micro structure
D) All options are correct
A
C) To temper the micro structure
15
Q
Arc Blow
A) occurs when welding DC -
B) occurs when welding DC +
C) only occurs in AC
D) Both A and B
A
D) Both A and B
16
Q
Stainless steel 316 type
A) Has a flat , slightly decreasing transition range
B) has a sharp decreasing transition range
C) Has n0 transition range as it has a FCC structure
D) changes from FCC to BCC structure as temperature drops and therefore transition range changes accordingly.
A
A) Has a flat , slightly decreasing transition range
17
Q
Bend Testing :
A) Has normally a 10% of t as the radius along the four edges of the specimen .
B) Has the reinforcement removed before testing to check for the number of runs
C) has a former size 0.4 of t
D) both B and C
A
A) Has normally a 10% of t as the radius along the four edges of the specimen .
18
Q
Which of the following uses a flat characteristic?
A) processes 111, 141, 121, 136
B) processes 131, 136, 121, 135
C) processes 111, 121, 135, 141
A
B) processes 131, 136, 121, 135
19
Q
In NDT -
A) Radiography is the best method for the detection of lack of sidewall fusion in a single V buttt weld
B) DPI can be used for both surface and sub surface defect detection.
C) MPI can be used for both surface and sub surface defect detection.
D) UT is the best method for the detection of rounded ( non planar ) defects
A
C) MPI can be used for both surface and sub surface defect detection.
20
Q
Lamellar tearing -
A) is a problem associated with steels of a low through thickness ductility
B) Is always associated with steels that have been sensitised
C) is caused by rapid cooling from above the upper critical point
D) all options are correct
A
A) is a problem associated with steels of a low through thickness ductility
21
Q
Tensile testing :
A) is a measure of a materials ability to bend through 180
B) Measures the yield strength of a material only
C) Measures Re and Rm of a material
D) is designed to break the material at low temperatures to determine its susceptibility to brittle fracture .
A
C) Measures Re and Rm of a material
Re = yield strength
Rm = Ultimate Tensile Strength - the tensile strength is the maximum mechanical tensile stress with wich a specimen can be loaded
22
Q
Solidification cracking -
A) Occurs after PWHT or immediately after welding
B) Occurs up to 24 hours after welding or PWHT
C) immediately after welding or a few hours
D) Immediately after welding
A
D) Immediately after welding
23
Q
Stress relieving after welding ;
A) is normally carried out above the lower critical limit
B) is normally carried out below the lower critical limit
C) is always carried out on high tensile strength materials
D) both B and C
A
B) is normally carried out below the lower critical limit
723 C Degrees
24
Q
Proof stress is -
A) used to prove that the residual stresses are considered acceptable.
B) a measure used in certain types of tensile testing
C) To determine the UTS of Aluminium
D) Will determine the transition range
A
B) a measure used in certain types of tensile testing
25
Rm is a term used to express the
A) Yeild point of a material
B) Elastic point of a material
C) Elongation of a material
D) Maximum load applied .
D) Maximum load applied .
26
SAW welding :
A) in a multiple wire system it is not recommended to use AC
B) DC+ generally produces deeper penetration when compared with AC
C) DC + generally produces higher build up when compared with AC
D) DC- generally deeper penetration when compared with DC+
B) DC+ generally produces deeper penetration when compared with AC
27
MMA , TIG and SAW :
A) Use a flat characteristic output
B) Use a drooping characteristic output
C) Use both drooping and flat characteristic outputs
D) Both MMA and TIG use a drooping characteristic outputs , SAW can use a flat characteristic output .
D) Both MMA and TIG use a drooping characteristic outputs , SAW can use a flat characteristic output .
28
The heat input for a MMA weld made using 22V , 250A and 250mm per minute travel speed would be ?
Volts x Amps x 60 Divided by 250 x 100 X 0.8
A) 1.54KJ/MM
B) 1.05kj/mm
C) 1.05Kj/cm
D) 1.54KJ/CM
29
IN MMA welding , to improve deposition , which of the following will be useful?
A) Change from DC + to DC -
B) Change from DC - to DC +
C) Change from AC to DC +
D)Change from DC - to AC
A) Change from DC + to DC -
30
The ductile to brittle transition is associated with what type of mechanical test ?
A) Tensile
B) impact
C) hardness
D) fillet fracture
B) impact
31
The four edges of a bend test specimen habe a radius added because ?
A) improve bending
B) prevent cracking
C) prevent cuts to the operator
D) to stop spring back
B) prevent cracking
32
The yield point of a C/Mn steel within a tensile test is where ?
A) the material is in an elastic condition
B) the material has been plastic all deformed
C) the material has failed
D) is where the UTS has been reached
B) the material has been plastic all deformed
33
The UTS within a tensile test is where ?
A) The load is at its maximum
B) The load is beginning to fall and then failure
C) The yield has been reached and failure occurs immediately
D) a and b are correct
A) The load is at its maximum
34
If a tensile test fails in the weld
A) it must be rejected as a failure should occur in the HAZ
B) as long as the UTS of the Parent material is reached it should be acceptable
C) the test should be re taken with an over matching filler material
D) There is probably a defect in the weld area
B) as long as the UTS of the Parent material is reached it should be acceptable
35
Side bend test :
A) Put the root in compression and the face in tension
B) put the face in compression and root in tension
C) Put the root and face in compression and tension
D) Only the face in tension
C) Put the root and face in compression and tension
36
The removal of excess weld metal for bend testing is done ?
A) Only to the side that’s in contact with the former
B) To both root and face
C) Need not be done as the whole weld is being tested
D) to the side that’s in tension
B) To both root and face
37
Impact test specimens are taken from -
A) The lowest heat input area
B) The highest heat input area
C) The start position
D) The stop Position
B) The highest heat input area
38
Hardness test specimens are taken from the
A) The highest heat input area
B) The centre of the specimen
C) The lowest heat input area
D) from the easiest position to access
C) The lowest heat input area
39
A high hardness result could be due to ?
A) Heat input too high
B) Too much pre heat
C) The use of PWHT
D) A lack of pre heat
D) A lack of pre heat
40
Which welded material would perform best in an impact test ?
A) HSLA
B) C/Mn steel
C) 316L SS
D) High carbon steel
41
Which of the following statements is true about weld decay?
a) It forms in the weld metal, between 600 and 850°C
b) It forms in the parent material, between 600 and 850°C
c) It forms in the HAZ, between 880 and 920°C
d) It is a phenomenon that happens in duplex, as well as stainless, steel
b) It forms in the parent material, between 600 and 850°C
42
Which of the following statements is true about codes and standards?
a) BS EN ISO 15614 is for WQTs
b) BS EN ISO 15614 is for WPQRs
c) BS EN ISO 3834 is for validation of arc welding equipment
d) BS EN ISO 4063 defines quality levels in accordance with BS EN 1090
b) BS EN ISO 15614 is for WPQRs
Answer (a) - 15614 is for welding procedures, not welder qualification testing - that's ISO
9606. which superceded BS EN 28.
Answer (c) - ISO 3834 is for welding certification and quality requirements.
Answer (d) - 4063 is for process designations, and 1090 is for CE marking of structural steel.
43
Which of the following statements is true about arc blow in MMA welding?
a) Direct current positive is more susceptible than DC negative
b) Direct current negative is more susceptible than DC positive
c) Alternating current is more susceptible than DC positive and negative
d) Alternating current is not susceptible, unlike DC positive and negative
d) Alternating current is not susceptible, unlike DC positive and negative
Because alternating current is constantly switching poles, the effects of magnetism on the
weld pool are not able to pull and favour one side of the preparation - enabling it to draw in
free flight weld metal.
44
Which of the following statements is true about MAG welding?
a) When voltage increases, penetration decreases
b) When voltage increases, penetration increases
c) When voltage decreases, weld width increases
d) Voltage has no effect on penetration
a) When voltage increases, penetration decreases
When the voltage is increased in MAG welding, the weld bead width will increase and the
penetration will decrease. As the voltage increases the risk of porosity, spatter and undercut
also increases .
45
Which of the following statements is true about mechanical testing?
a) Shear plane is a term you may expect to hear used in conjunction with hardness testing
b) Lateral expansion is a term you may expect to hear used in conjunction with impact testing
c) Rm is a term you may expect to hear used in conjunction with Z testing
d) COD testing is for failure investigation for in service equipment
b) Lateral expansion is the increase in width of the back of the specimen behind the notch.
a) The term shear plane may be used when talking about some form of a fracture i.e. the word
shear.
b) Lateral expansion is the increase in width of the back of the specimen behind the notch.
c) Rm is a term you may expect to hear used in tensile testing, as this is the term used for
ultimate tensile strength (UTS).
d) COD is used to assess the possibility and acceptable limits of a structure from failure, not
to be used after the failure has occurred in service equipment.
46
Which of the following statements is true about weld decay?
a) It may occur in 18Cr 8Ni
b) It may occur in 12Cr 2Ni
c) It will occur in 5Cr 1Mo
d) It cannot occur in 18Cr 8Ni or 12Cr 2Ni
a) It may occur in 18Cr 8Ni
Answer (b and c) are not fully austenitic stainless steel, and weld decay only happens in
austenitic stainless steel.
47
Which of the following statements is true about hydrogen cracking?
a) It happens above 350°C
b) It generally occurs above 150°C
c) It always happens at around ambient temperature
d) It always happens in the HAZ
c) It always happens at around ambient temperature
48
Which of the following is a regulatory authority responsible for?
a) Harmonising standards
b) Preparing or adopting regulations
c) Writing ISOs
d) Enforcing regulations
b) Preparing or adopting regulations
A regulatory authority is responsible for preparing or adopting regulations.
Answer (c) - writing ISOs is a job for a consensus of people, who then need to have it approved
by a recognised body.
Answer (d) - an enforcement authority are responsible for enforcing regulations.
49
Which of the following statements is true about MIG/MAG welding?
a) Electrode extension has no effect on burn off rates
b)
When electrode extension increases the burn off rate decreases
C)
Electrode extension is also known as CTWD
d) When electrode extension increases the burn off rate increases
d) When electrode extension increases the burn off rate increases
50
Which of the following statements is true about TIG welding?
a) In DC negative the tungsten will overheat
b) In DC positive electrons flow to the tungsten from the work piece
c) In DC positive weaving is not permitted as it will cause porosity
d) In DC negative lift arc is not possible
b) In DC positive electrons flow to the tungsten from the work piece
a) The tungsten will overheat in DC positive due to 70% of the heat being in the electrode.
b) Electrons always Now to the positive pole and ions flow to the negative pole.
C)
Porosity is caused by poor gas coverage and contamination of the weld pool.
d)
Lift, scratch and high frequency starting methods are achievable in DC negative, but HF
would be preferred for high integrity applications.
51
Which of the following statements is true about hardness testing?
a) Vickers hardness tests use a ball indenter
b) Rockwell C uses a ball indenter
c) Brinell uses a tungsten ball indenter
d) Rockwell B uses a uses a diamond cone indenter
c) Brinell uses a tungsten ball indenter
Answer (a) - Vickers uses a diamond indenter.
Answer (b) - Rockwell C uses a cone indenter, not a ball. *C' represents the word 'cone'
Answer (d) - Rockwell B uses a ball indenter, not a cone. 'B' represents the word ball.
52
Which of the following statements is true about materials?
al
Vanadium's primary function is corrosion resistance
b) Aluminium has a proof stress value recorded
c) Carbon adds ductility in low alloy steels
d) Molybdenum is exceptionally resistant to hydrogen sulphide cracking
b) Aluminium has a proof stress value recorded
53
Which of the following statements is true about weld decay?
a) It is often referred to as sensitisation
b) It does not happen if you use 316
c) It is not an issue in autogenous welds when welding heterogeneous joints
d) It is more likely in martensitic stainless steel than austenitic stainless steel
a) It is often referred to as sensitisation
54
Which of the following has the greater risk of hydrogen cracking?
a) Using process 141
b] Using process 131
c) Using process 136
d) Using material 316L
c) Using process 136
55
What does the standard BS EN ISO 14731 relate to?
a) Mechanical testing
b) Calibration of welding plant
C)
Welder qualification
d) Welding coordination tasks and responsibilities
d) Welding coordination tasks and responsibilities
56
Which of the following is true about UT -
a) It is limited to materials less than 50mm thick
b) It is useful on complex geometries
c) It is not good for planar defects
d) It is not good for parallel working
Answer (a) - ultrasonic testing has limits, but can be effective of up to a couple of meters in
depth.
Answer (c) - opposite to radiography, ultrasonic testing is excellent for defects such as a lack
of sidewall fusion.
Answer (d) - parallel working is not an issue as, unlike with radiography, there are no health
and safety issues.
b) It is useful on complex geometries
Answer (a) - ultrasonic testing has limits, but can be effective of up to a couple of meters in
depth.
Answer (c) - opposite to radiography, ultrasonic testing is excellent for defects such as a lack
of sidewall fusion.
Answer (d) - parallel working is not an issue as, unlike with radiography, there are no health
and safety issues.
57
Which of the following statements is true about MAG welding?
a)
100% CO2 can support spray transfer
b) 100% CO, cannot support spray transfer
c) 100% argon is used for flux core welding of aluminium
d) 100% operating factor is achievable with semi-automatic welding processes
b) 100% CO, cannot support spray transfer
Answers (a 'and b) - 100 CO2 cannot sustain true spray transfer as the ionisation potential of
the gas is too high. It gives good penetration but creates more spatter.
Answer (c) - aluminum is not welded with flux core.
Answer (d) - 100% operating factor is not achievable, and for a semi-automatic process it
would be approximately 30-40%.
58
Which of the following statements is true about TIG welding?
a) In DC positive, 70% of the heat is in the weld
b) In DC negative, 30% of the heat is in the tungsten
c) In DC welding, heat distribution is balanced evenly between tungsten and work piece
d) In AC welding, 65% of the heat is in the tungsten
b) In DC negative, 30% of the heat is in the tungsten
Answer (a) - DC positive has 30% heat in the weld and 70% in the tungsten.
Answer (b) - DC negative has 30% heat in the tungsten and 70% in the work piece.
Answer (c and d) - when heat is evenly distributed this would be AC, with a 50-50 balance
creating a cleaning effect on every half cycle.
59
Which of the following statements is true about PWHT?
a) It has a primary function of reducing ductility in a fabrication
b) It has a secondary function of negative interstitial reverse in the grain structure
c) It has a primary function of reducing stresses by rearrangement
d) It has a secondary function of anodising the material surface
c) It has a primary function of reducing stresses by rearrangement
a) The primary function is stress relief and reducing hardness in the HAZ, thus increasing
ductility.
b) Interstitial means fits between, and is referenced in inclusions between the grains and not
in the erroneous terminology used in this answer.
c) Rearrangement is where grains realign back to their original position in the structure
through the heat treatment cycle. This process can reduce stress to approximately 20% of
its original level.
d) Anodising is a process used to increase the thickness of the natural oxide layer on the
surface of metal parts, and increases corrosion resisting properties.
60
Which of the following MAG welding transfer modes has a greater CTWD?
a) Dip
b) Pulse
c) Spray
d) Globular
Spray has the greatest CTWD at 20-25mm.
Pulse is 15-20mm, with the shortest being dip at 10-15mm.
61
Which of the following statements is true about mechanical testing?
a) CTOD is for ECA
b) ECA is for CTOD
c) ECA gives an idea of permitted HV10 values
d) HV10 will indicate susceptibility in ECA testing
Crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) is often used by engineers in making decisions on the
life cycle of structures when doing an engineering critical assessment (ECA).
The information provided during testing will allow the engineer to decide on how big a crack
and at what temperature a failure will occur in service.
a) CTOD is for ECA
Crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) is often used by engineers in making decisions on the
life cycle of structures when doing an engineering critical assessment (ECA).
The information provided during testing will allow the engineer to decide on how big a crack
and at what temperature a failure will occur in service.
62
What is the chromium content of duplex stainless steel?
a) 12%
b) 18%
c) 22%
d) Duplex does not contain a significant %Cr, merely a residual trace from steel manufacture
c) 22%
Duplex is 50% austenite and 50% ferrite, with a chromium content of 22%, rising to 25% in
super duplex.
63
Which of the following statements is true about weld decay?
a) Sensitivity can be reduced by using grades 321 niobium
b) Sensitivity can be reduced by using grades 347 niobium
C)Sensitivity can be reduced by using grades 321 martensite
d)Sensitivity can be reduced by using grades 347 titanium
b) Sensitivity can be reduced by using grades 347 niobium
a) 321 does not contain niobium - it contains titanium
b) 347 niobium forms carbides preferential to chromium carbides
c) 321 is not a martensitic grade such as 410
d) 347 does not contain titanium - it contains niobium
Using the grades 321 and 347 ultimately prevents the local reduction in corrosion resistance. If
low carbon materials are not being used, aim to use low heat inputs and try to reduce the
number of weld runs deposited as less time will be spent in the temperature range were the Cr
carbides are formed.
64
Which of the following statements is true about hydrogen cracking?
a) It happens when hardness exceeds 250 RC
b) It happens when hardness exceeds -40 Joules
c) It happens when hardness exceeds 400RC
d) It happens when hardness exceeds 350HV
d) It happens when hardness exceeds 350HV
For hydrogen cracking to take place a susceptible microstructure or 350HV needs to be
present, along with other factors.
This structure is created by inadequate preheats, low heat inputs and the use of materials with
low CEV.
65
What does the standard BS EN ISO 9712 relate to?
a) Qualification of NDT personnel
b) Welder qualification
c) Bend testing
d) Welding process designations
a) Qualification of NDT personnel
BS EN ISO 9712 is for the qualification and certification of NDT personnel.
BS EN ISO 9606 is for welder qualification, and BS EN ISO 4063 is for welding process
designations.
Read
66
Which of the following gases gives the greatest penetration in MAG welding?
a)Argon
b) CO
C)Helium
d)Argon-helium mixes
b) CO2
Answers (a, c and d) would not be used for MAG welding - they would used for MIG welding.
67
Which of the following statements is true about PWHT?
a) The temperature range for martensitic stainless steel is higher than austenitic stainless steel, for the
purpose of stress relief
b) The temperature range for austenitic stainless steel is higher than martensitic stainless steel, for the
purpose of desensitisation
c) TMCP steels have less stringent manufacturing controls than for manufacturing steel
d) Normalised steels have a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than annealed steels
b) The temperature range for austenitic stainless steel is higher than martensitic stainless steel, for the
purpose of desensitisation
a) Martensitic stainless steel does have a higher temperature range for PWHT than austenitic
stainless steel, but you do not stress relieve austenitics.
b) Martensitic stainless steel does not need desensitising as its not fully austenitic, and
austenitic stainless steel is desensitised at approximately 1100°C.
c) Thermally controlled process steels have extremely high manufacturing controls compared
to some other steels. Manufacturing steel is not a grade or term used in steel terminology.
d) Normalised and annealed steels have no significant difference in thermal expansion.
68
Which of the following statements is true about TIG welding?
a) Steel is usually welded with zirconiated tungsten
b) Aluminium is usually welded with zirconiated tungsten
c) Cunifer is always welded with zirconiated tungsten
d) Thoriated tungstens are normally used to weld thin gauge aluminium
b) Aluminium is usually welded with zirconiated tungsten
Answer (a) - zirconiated tungsten is for used for aluminium.
Answer (c) - cunifer would be most likely be welded with ceriated or thoriated tungsten
definitely not zirconiated.
Answer (d) - thin gauge aluminium would be welded with zirconiated tungsten.
69
Which of the following statements is true about CTOD testing?
a) Values <2 mm indicate brittle fracture
b) Values >2 mm indicate a very tough behaviour
c) Values should always be taken at ambient temperature
d) The clip gauge is always placed in the liquid medium to be representative
b) Values >2 mm indicate a very tough behaviour
CTOD valués are expressed in mm, and typical values are < ~ 0.1 mm for brittle behaviour and
>~ 1mm for very tough behaviour.
Answer (c) - the temperature depends on the service environment and is usually carried out
below ambient.
Answer (d) - the clip gauge is placed at the mouth of the machined notch.
70
Which of the following statements is true about materials?
a) Copper is used in austenitic welding using the thermite process
b) Sulphur is added to castings to produce desired grain structures for certain applications
c) Low alloy steels contain <3% alloying elements
d) Nickel is used in low temperature applications.
d) Nickel is used in low temperature applications.
a) Copper is used in weathering steels for atmospheric protection. Aluminium is used in
thermitic welding to increase oxygen content, making the molten pool hotter.
b) Sulphur is a residual element from steel making minerals. It would not be added to
materials for grain structure (or any other reason) as it will cause many different issues
such as hot cracking.
C) Low alloy steels contain <7% alloying elements, and high alloys steels contain ›7% alloying
elements.
d) Nickel is used in stainless steels with a resistance to corrosion from acids.
71
Which of the following statements is true about MAG welding?
a)Spray transfer is all positional
B)Pulse transfer is not all positional
c) Dip transfer is all positional
d) Globular should only be attempted with high current and voltage in the PF position
c) Dip transfer is all positional
a) Spray transfer is only used in the flat (PA) position and has high deposition rates.
b) Pulse transfer is all positional, and gives excellent weld pool control due to a partial
solidification between each pulse cycle.
c) Dip has lower energy for fusion than spray, making it prone to a lack of fusion but has
excellent welding position capabilities.
d) Globular is between the dip and spray range, and is created when the voltage exceeds the
wire feed rate.
72
Why is manganese added to steel ?
A) for more resistance to hydrogen cracking
B) for deoxidisation
C) to improve strength
D) To improve toughness
To improve BOTH strength and toughness
73
Why does adding manganese to the filler metal reduce the risk of solidification cracking ?
A) Forms MnS between the grains
B) reduces the amount of weld diffusion
C) Helps encourage a favourable weld bead width to depth ratio
D) Increase through thicknesss ductility
A) Forms MnS between the grains. .
74
What causes a parent metals poor through thickness ductility ?
A) Magnetic properties
B) Solid inclusions in rolled metals
C) Low carbon content
D) Hardened HAZ
B) Solid Inclusions in Rolled metals
75
If the constituent metals of an alloy are of different structures, what form would the alloy take?
A) Phase mixture
B) Solid solution
C) Interstitial solid solution
D) Subtitutional solid solution
A) Phase mixture
Occurs when the elements crystalise separately to form distinct and different crystals joined at Mutual grain boundaries.
76
Which phase in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram is face centred cubic?
A) Ferrite
B) Cementite
C) Austenite
D) Delta iron
C) Austenite
77
What composition of steel will result in the grain boundary precipitation of cementite (Fe,C) upon cooling
from austenite?
A) Eutectoid
B) Hyper-eutectoid
C) Hypo-eutectoid
D) Pseudo-eutectoid
B) Hyper-eutectoid
Steel,will remain austenetic down to the temperature around 870 degrees at wich Fe3C will start to be precipitated at the Austenite grain boundaries .
78
What phase transforms to martensite upon rapid cooling?
A) Ferrite
B) Cementite
C) Delta iron
D) Austenite
D) Austenite
Upon rapid cooling, austenite transforms by a
process not involving diffusion into a metastable distorted
form of body-centred iron known as martensite.
79
The Ar3 temperature is the temperature at which:
A) Austenite starts to transform to ferrite
B) The metal melts
C) Delta iron transforms to austenite
D) Martensite forms
A) Austenite starts to transform to ferrite
80
Which metallurgical process results in the formation of a fine-grained structure in steel?
a)Grain growth
B) Ageing
C) Recrystallisation
D) Stress relief
C) Recrystallisation
, used in conjunction with
cold-work, produces a fine-grained structure in non-
ferrous metals and alloys.
81
At which temperature will austenite isothermally transform to coarse perlite in a 0.83% carbon steel?
A) Room temperature
B) 500°C
C) 700°C
D) 910°C
C) 700
82
What is the effect of tempering after quenching?
A) Toughness and strength are increased
B) Toughness is increased, strength is decreased
C) Toughness and strength are decreased
D) Toughness is decreased, strength is increased
B) Toughness is increased, strength is decreased
83
Increasing the carbon content of steel will:
A) Decrease the hardness, increase the toughness
B) Increase the hardness, decrease the toughness
C) Decrease the hardness and toughness
D) Increase the hardness and toughness
B) Increase the hardness, decrease the toughness
