CT Application 4 Abdominopelvic

Question 1

where is quadrate lobe

Answer 1

between gallbladder and round ligament

Question 2

where is caudate lobe

Answer 2

between IVC & ligamentum venosum

Question 3

what separates left and right lobe

Answer 3

interlobar fissure

Question 4

largest liver lobe

Answer 4

right lobe

Question 5

smallest liver lobe

Answer 5

caudate lobe

Question 6

since liver tissues lack typical capillary network, what do they have instead

Answer 6

blood-filled sinusoids surrounding hepatic cells

Question 7

what happens during portavenous phase CT

Answer 7

Right + middle + left hepatic veins filled with contrast-mixed blood emptying into IVC

Question 8

what divides liver vertically

Answer 8

hepatic veins & falciform ligament

Question 9

what divides liver horizontally

Answer 9

hepatic portal veins

Question 10

cirrhosis indicator

Answer 10

Jagged outline of liver

Question 11

biliary system includes

Answer 11

• gallbladder
• intraheptic bile duct
• common bile duct
• pancreatic duct

Question 12

hemangioma

Answer 12

benign vascular tumor

Question 13

3 constrictions of KUB

Answer 13

1. ureteropelvic junction
2. pelvic inlet
3. bladder entrance

Question 14

In CT Abdominal imaging, what does ‘contrast enhancement’ refer to?

Answer 14

Improve visualization of structures of similar density

Question 15

fasting duration for oral contrast

Answer 15

2 - 6 hrs

Question 15

CT triphasic liver process

Answer 15

non-contrast > arterial > portavenous > delayed

Question 16

when does arterial phase occur

Answer 16

20 - 40s

Question 17

when does portavenous phase occur

Answer 17

80 - 90s

Question 18

slice thickness & interval for CT abdomen pelvis

Answer 18

3 - 5 mm

Question 19

recon window for CT abdomen pelvis

Answer 19

mediastinum & lung base

Question 20

scan region for CT abdomen pelvis

Answer 20

lung bases > past rectum / upper thigh (male)

Question 21

non-contrast CT abdomen pelvis indication

Answer 21

renal / colic stone

Question 22

early arterial phase timing

Answer 22

20 - 30s post IV injection / bolus tracking

Question 23

importance of early arterial phase

Answer 23

• studying arterial vessels
• aortic dissection
• arterial bleeding

Question 24

late arterial phase timing

Answer 24

30 - 40s post IV injection / 20s after bolus

Question 25

late arterial phase enhances view of ___

Answer 25

- hypervascular lesion - stomach + bowel - pancreas parenchyma - spleen - kidney cortex

Question 26

portavenous phase timing

Answer 26

80 - 90s post IV injection / 50 - 60s after bolus tracking

Question 27

portavenous phase detects ___

Answer 27

- hypovascular liver lesion - cysts - abscess - metastasis - hepatic parenchyma

Question 28

delayed phase timing

Answer 28

4 - 7 mins post injection

Question 29

delayed phase enhances viewing of ___

Answer 29

- fibrotic lesion - KUB collection - liver metastasis - TCC

Question 30

TCC

Answer 30

transitional cell carcinoma

Question 31

In liver triphasic contrast, which phase will determine whether the lesion in the liver is benign or malignant?

Answer 31

delayed phase

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a common indication for CT MSK imaging? A) spinal cord injury B) joint dislocation C) muscle strain D) bone tumors

Answer 32

C) muscle strain

Question 33

What is the typical slice thickness used for CT imaging of the small extremities?

Answer 33

0.5mm

Question 34

MAR

Answer 34

metal artifact reduction

Question 35

DSI

Answer 35

dual source imaging

Question 36

what does DSI allow for

Answer 36

use of high keV monochromatic images to reduce beam hardening effects

Question 37

Which of the following is/are benefit(s) of using CT for musculoskeletal imaging? Select all that apply. A) high spatial res B) image complex # C) superior soft tissue contrast D) faster scan times than MRI

Answer 37

A, B, D

Question 38

where does liver receive blood from

Answer 38

hepatic portal vein mainly and hepatic artery

Question 39

cirrhosis features

Answer 39

jagged edge liver (surface nodularity), hypertrophy, parenchymal heterogeneity, ascites

Question 40

cysts/lesion features

Answer 40

hypodense bubblesf

Question 41

fatty liver features

Answer 41

hypodense liver

Question 42

gallbladder stone features

Answer 42

diamonds in gallbladder

Question 43

dilatation features

Answer 43

"black vessels" seen

Question 44

hemangioma features

Answer 44

"sun" shape seen

Question 45

HU of simple cyst

Answer 45

<20HU

Question 46

complex cyst HU

Answer 46

80HU

Question 47

what indicates 1st part of duodenum

Answer 47

duodenal bulb

Question 48

how to differentiate between jejunum & ileum

Answer 48

ileum hyperdenser than jejunum and closer to right side

Question 49

what oral contrast used to distend GI tract and show intestinal lumen

Answer 49

diluted iodinated CM, barium sulphate, water

Question 50

CT contrast phases of kidneys

Answer 50

corticomedullary = 30-40s nephrogram = 80 - 120s excretory 3 mins

Question 51

small obstructions occur due to ___

Answer 51

adhesions, hernias, masses

Question 52

inflammatory bowel disease sign

Answer 52

target sign made of serosa, submucosa, mucosa

Question 53

volvulus sign

Answer 53

bird beaks at large bowels

Question 54

how does HCC liver appear

Answer 54

arterial phase = hyperdense portavenous = isodense delay = hypodense

Question 55

slice thickness of CT hip/pelvis

Answer 55

2-5mm