CTC

Question 1

what is zinner syndrome

Answer 1

renal agensis, ipsi seminal vesicle cyst, male infertility

Question 2

what testicular tumors have high beta hcg

Answer 2

seminoma, choriocarcinoma

Question 3

what testicular tumors have high AFP

Answer 3

yolk sac tumor, mixed GCT

Question 4

what is the msot common condition associated with prostatic utricle cyst

Answer 4

hypospadias

Question 5

what is the most common cause of an acquired seminal vesicle cyst

Answer 5

prostate surgery

Question 6

what are risk factors for testicular ca

Answer 6

crytochidism, klinefelters, trauma, orchitis

Question 7

what is the normal size of a yolk sac

Answer 7

between 3 and 6 mm

Question 8

what is the etiology of amniotic band syndrome

Answer 8

amnion gets disrupted before 10 weeks and fetus crosses into the chorionic cavity and gets tangled in fibrous bands

Question 9

What is the initial rx for metatstatic and non metastatic osteosarcoma?

Answer 9

Chemotherapy then surgery (even resect mets after chemo)

Question 10

what are the findings of invasive aspergillosis?

Answer 10

fungal ball with surrounding GGO (halo sign), the crescent sign (lucency around a nodule)

Question 11

what tumors are of higher incidence in a patient with a horseshoe kidney?

Answer 11

TCC and adenoca in adults, wilms in kids

Question 12

inw hat bones do the epihyses and metaphysis recieve separate blood supply?

Answer 12

proximal femur and distal radius

Question 13

what is the pattern of conversion of red marrow to yellow marrow?

Answer 13

appendicular first, axial often stays as red marrow into adult hood. within the bones: distal to proximal: epiphysis -> diaphysis-> distal metaphysis -> proximal metaphysis

Question 14

what are common types of toddlers fractures?

Answer 14

spital oblique tibial fx, calcaneal impaction fx, cuboid impaction fx, 5th metatarsal

Question 15

what conditions is testicular microlithiasis assoc with?

Answer 15

Downs, cryptochidism

Question 16

what gender is more affected by VUR?

Answer 16

girls

Question 17

what is the ddx for the halo sign in the lungs?

Answer 17

Mets, aspergillosis, septic emboli, Kaposis

Question 18

what is the most common organism to cuase pna in a child

Answer 18

s pna

Question 19

hw do u diffrentiate btw neonatal pna caused by strep B and RDS?

Answer 19

RDS wont have pleural effusions

Question 20

what percent of kids with TOF have pulmonary atresia?

Answer 20

20%

Question 21

what organism causes hypertrophic gastritis (menetriers) in kids?

Answer 21

C jejuni is usually self limited

Question 22

what disease is associated with rectal prolapse?

Answer 22

cystif fibrosis

Question 23

what are the complications of overshunting in a VP shunt?

Answer 23

overlapping head sutures -> premature closure/craniosynostosis, subdural hemorrhage

Question 24

what other neuro and non neuro abnormalities are assoc with dandy walker malformation

Answer 24

cervical hydromyelia, occipital encephalocele, keyhole 4th ventricle, CC dysgenesis, migration abnl (heterotopias etc), Non neuro: cardiac and polydactyly

Question 25

what percent of kids with beckwith widemann get malignant tumors

Answer 25

10-15%

Question 26

what complications is a kid who had group B strep pna prone to?

Answer 26

right sided diaphragmatic hernia (delayed onset), empyema, abcess, pneumatocele

Question 27

what is the Rx for calyceal diverticulum?

Answer 27

none if there are no symptoms

Question 28

why do kids get round pna? unitl what age do they get it?

Answer 28

bc canals of lambert and pores of Kohn are not well developed so dont have spread of infection, have a localized infection. until age 8.

Question 29

what symptoms does a child with double aortic arch present with?

Answer 29

stridor, can swallow liquids but not solids

Question 30

what risk factor is menetriers disease in an adult associated with?

Answer 30

increased risk of gastric ca

Question 31

what are the acetabular and iliac angles in a kid with downs syndrome, compared to normal (increased/decreased?) are they prone to coxa vara or valga>

Answer 31

decreased, increased risk of coxa valga

Question 32

what are the entinal nodes for left sided testicular ca? right sided testicular ca?

Answer 32

left: paraaortic nodes just below the renal vein, right: aortocaval nodes at the level of L2

Question 33

what percent of endometrial polyps are malignant?

Answer 33

0.5-1 percent

Question 34

what is the ultrasound appearance of an endometrioma?

Answer 34

diffuse low level echoes with increased thru transmission (not shadowing as seen with teratoma)

Question 35

what kind of cancer can mature ovarian teratoma degenerate into?

Answer 35

squamous cell