CULMINATING Chemistry Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the Names of the first 20 Elements on the Periodic Table
- Hydrogen
- Helium
- Lithium
- Berium
- Boron
- Carbon
- Nitrogrn
- Oxygen
- Fluorine
- Neon
- Sodium
- Magnesium
- Aluminum
- Silicon
- Phosphrus
- Sulfer
- Chlorine
- Argon
- Potasium
- Calcium
What are the Horizontal Rows of the Periodic Table Called?
Periods
What are the Vertical Collums of the Periodic Table Called?
Groups/Families
What are the 5 clues that a Chemical Change has occured?
- Change in color
- Gas is produced (bubbling)
- Heat or light is emitted
- A precipitate (solid) forms.
- The change is difficult to reverse
Define and Identify Physical Change
No new substance is formed (EX: melting ice)
Define and Identify Chemical Change
A new substance is formed (EX: burning wood)
What is the Chemical Properties of Matter?
How a substance reacts with others (EX: Flammability, Reactivity with Acid).
What is Physical Properties of Matter?
Characteristics observed without changing the substance (EX: Colour, State, Density).
What is the Formula for Density
Density= Mass / Volume
How does Ionic and Covalent Binding Occur?
Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between two or more atoms.
Ionic bonds form when two or more ions come together and are held together by charge differences.
How are Ions Formed?
When Atoms lose or gain electrons in order to have a full outer valence electron shells.
What would an Ions charge be depending on whether they Lose or Gain Electrons?
Metals (EX: Na, Mg): Lose electrons→positive ion (cation).
Non-Metals (EX: Cl, O): Gain electrons →negative ion (anion).
What is a molecular compound vs. ionic compound?
Molecular compounds are compounds made up of nonmetals covalently bonded to each other.
Ionic compounds are composed of positive and negative ions held together by ionic bonds
Know how to draw the Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams and the Lewis Driagrams for the first 20 Elements of the Periodic Table
Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams
* Show electron arrangement in shells.
* Example: Sodium (Na)
Protons: 11
Neutrons: 12
Electrons: 11
Electron Arrangement: 2, 8, 1
Know how determine how many Electrons, Protons, and Neutrons there are in an Atom when given the Atomic Number and Atomic Mass
What are the Names and Properties of Elements of Different Groups or Families?
- Alkali Metals (+1)
- Alkaline Earth Metals (+2)
- Halogens (-1)
- Noble Gases (0)
What is special about Elements in the same group?
They have the same number of valence electrons
Counting Atoms
What is a Chemical Formula? How does a Chemical Formula indicate the Elements present and the numbers of each?
Show elements and their ratios (e.g., H₂O means 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom
