Cultural Issues in Diagnosis Flashcards
(22 cards)
How can cultural effects influence mental health diagnoses?
Cultural effects can lead to different diagnoses, affecting validity and reliability.
Define culture in the context of mental health diagnosis.
Culture is a set of beliefs, values, and practices that characterizes a group of people and varies across different demographics.
What is a criticism of the DSM regarding cultural differences?
Previous versions of the DSM have been criticized for their usefulness across different cultures.
What does Section III of the DSM-5 address?
It discusses the need to be aware of and careful about cultural bias in diagnosis.
Why is the ICD considered better than the DSM?
The ICD is translated into many languages, revealing issues with unclear dialogue and overlaps between disorders.
List some cultural factors that impact mental health.
- Cultural stigma
- Understanding symptoms
- Community support
- Resources
What is the ‘scientific model’ of mental disorders?
Mental disorders are scientifically defined illnesses explained in a scientific way.
How does culture affect the perception of symptoms like hearing voices?
In some cultures, it may be seen as possession by spirits rather than a negative disorder.
What did Lee (2006) find regarding the DSM-IV-TR?
It was valid in non-western cultures for ADHD.
True or False: Culture does not affect diagnosis.
False.
Identify the five key issues from studies of ethnicity and mental health.
- Over diagnosis of schizophrenia among West Indian and Asian-British
- Excessive use of compulsory admission for West Indian-British
- More West Indian, African and Asian British individuals transferred to locked wards
- Excessive admissions of ‘offender’ patients among West Indian-British
- Over use of ECT among Afro-Caribbean and Asian British
What did Fernando (1992) find about pain medication for BME patients?
Doctors do not give as much pain medication to BME patients.
What does the PCREF aim to improve?
It aims to address and reduce disparities in mental health treatment.
Fill in the blank: Communication barriers can affect diagnosis, such as when information is lost in _______.
translation.
What is a culture bound syndrome?
Mental health problems recognized only in one culture.
Provide examples of culture bound syndromes.
- Kuru
- Ataque de nervous
- Dhat syndrome
- Khyal cap
- Kufungisisia
- Maladi moun
- Nervios
- Shenjing shuairuo
- Susto
- Taijin kyofusho
What is a strength of the DSM-5 regarding cultural issues?
It acknowledges symptoms and features that differ between cultures, improving validity.
What is a weakness of the DSM-5 related to cultural bias?
Clinicians may not follow warnings about emphasizing bizarre symptoms, leading to subjective diagnosis.
What does the term ‘culturally relative’ mean?
Disorders exist in different cultures but symptoms differ according to cultural upbringing.
What is the significance of the term ‘first-rank symptoms’ in schizophrenia?
They are symptoms like ‘bizarreness’ that should receive less emphasis in diagnosis.
How does cultural stigma impact mental health help-seeking behavior?
Stigma can make it harder for individuals to talk openly and ask for help.
What impact does community support have on mental health in different cultures?
Cultural factors can determine the level of support from family and community.
