Cultural testing Flashcards
(20 cards)
How does cultural competency contribute to psychologists?
-Few tests normed in NZ so little applicability to Māori
-Neuropsychological differences in how Māori approach problems
-Maori health conceptualised very differently
-Maori need to discern if test in important for them
What is cultural validity?
Cultural validity is the effectiveness in which an assessment addresses social-cultural influences that shape thinking… make sense of items and respond to them
What is cultural bias in psychometric testing?
-validity
-education base (when was ed provided)
-Acculturation (Maori value the communal)
-Test conditions and familiarity with procedures
-Response styles (oral suites maori)
What is cross-cultural validity?
The performance of the items on a translated or culturally adapted instrument are an adequate reflection of the performance of the items of the original version of the instrument
What are the essential principles of the treaty in relation to health care?
Partnership - working alongside maori
Participation - engagement
Protection - ensuring safety
cultural competencies in psychology?
-The awareness, knowledge and skill needed to perform psychological tasks that recognise minority worldviews
-competence is the understanding of self as a culture bearer
-Includes an informed appreciation of cultural bias in psych theories
What is the health practitioners competence act?
Framework for the regulation of practitioners in order to protect the public where there is risk of harm from professional practise
Maori health statistics
-50% of maori households make do on less than $15,000 a year
-60% live in the most deprived 2 decile areas
-60% Maori children in rented accomodation
-1/3 in overcrowded homes
-34% no interenet
-3x more likely to have no car
-2/3 higher mental health and suicide
SES determinants have massive influence
How do maori conceptualise health
-Tapa wha model
-Te wheke
-Powhiri Model
-Hauora
Which of the following Pakeha terms describe the four cornerstones of Te Whare Tapa Wha?
Family, Spiritual, Psychological, Physical
What are some practical ways to engage with Moari?
-4Ks? Kia ora, Kaumatua, Karakia, Kai
-Whanau influence
-refferal is not consent
-understand world views
-enable Qs
-Talk about culture respectfully
-Correct behaviour
What does Ploman argue about nature over nurture?
Ploman - nature
“DNA differences are the major systematic source of psychological differences”
What was William Shockley’s controversy?
Human intelligence –> dysgenics.
-Caucasian vs black - white smarter.
(1960s) very problematic
-IQ below 100 sterilised
-“Nobel sperm bank”
What did the Rakau studies reveal?
-Studied developmental psychology.
Standardised psychometric tests with -A Maori community - first example
-Used WAIS1
-John and Jane Ritchie
-Rorschach ink blot test (subjective), reliability and validity limited
-Intercultural reliability of the Rorsachach
What were the findings pf J&J Ritchie’s Rorschach tests?
Factors:
1- Imaginative thinking
2- Mature spontaneity
3- Introversion
4- Insecurity
5- Affective extraversion
Can maori identity be measured by self-report questionnaire?
-Multidimension model of Maori Identity and cultural engagement (MMM-ICE).
-Developed using factor analysis, same of 270 majority male, adult and in touch with culture & iwi
-Items developed through readings of moari identity&culture
-Items reviewed by moari researchers
-Exploratory factor analysis - maximum liklihood.
What were the MMM-ICES factor loadings?
1)Group membership evaluation
2)Interdependent self-concept
3)Spirituality
4)Cultural efficacy
5)Socio-political consciousness
6)Authenticity beliefs
7)th developed - perceived appearance
8)th developed is whanau identity
Developed and developed further
What is the Maori Cultural Embeddedness Scale? MaCES
550 adults, 7 point Likert Scale, Factor analysis CFA, tested 9 different models.
Developed 9 factors into 3 primary factors
Values, Practises and Bliefs
What Manuel and Silberys pacific identity and wellbeing scale (PIWBS?)
-self report measure
-five-factor model of pacific identity
-qualitative interviews
-EFA and CFA
Factors:
-Group membership evaluation
-Perceived family wellbeing
-Pacific connectedness and belonging
-Religous centrality
-Group membership evalutation
What did the AUT Marsden study of wellbeing depression and biomarkers in young pacifica people reveal?
long-term AUT study following more than 1000 Pacific Island children born in Auckland in the year 2000 and their families. At the age of 20, PIFs participants will have their blood tested and fill out psychological questionnaires to measure depression.
-Replicated five-factor structure of PIWBS
-Replicated reliability9A) of the scales
-total PIWBS score negativly correlated with depression and anxiety
-PIWBS positivly correlates with self-compassion
