Cultural Variations In Attachment

Question 1

Vanlijzendoorn and Kroonenberg meta analysis (1988)

Answer 1

• 32 countries including Germany, China, USA.
• 2000 children.
  Found- German highest avoidant 35%
• uk highest secure at 75%
• Israel 29% resistant
• different numbers of studies used from different countries, different reliability.
• big mix of results, so cultural factors make a big difference.

Question 2

Takahashi (1990)

Answer 2

-did Ainsworth’s strange situation in Japan.
- 60 middle class Japanese infants.
- all 1 year old and raised at home.
Found- 0% avoidant, 68% secure, 32% resistant.