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Psych/Soc MCAT > Culture, Demographics, and Social Inequality > Flashcards

Culture, Demographics, and Social Inequality Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

material culture

A

physical objects

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2
Q

non-material culture

A

social thoughts/ideas, like values

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3
Q

popular culture

A

features of culture that appeal to the masses

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4
Q

high culture

A

describes features often limited to consumption of the elite

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5
Q

values

A

culture’s standard for evaluating what is good or bad

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6
Q

beliefs

A

convictions or principles that people hold

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7
Q

norms

A

visible and invisible rules of social conduct

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8
Q

cultural competence

A

effective interaction between people from different culture

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9
Q

culture shock

A

disorientation as a result of an individual being subjected to alternative cultures

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10
Q

sociocultural evolution

A

set of theories describing the processes through which societies and culture have progressed over time

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11
Q

crude birth rate

A

annual number of births per 1000 people in a population

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12
Q

crude death rate

A

same as CBR but for death

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13
Q

rate of population change

A

difference between CBR and CDR

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14
Q

age-specific birth/death rate

A

annual number of births or deaths per 1000 person in age group

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15
Q

general fertility rate

A

annual number of births per 1000 women in a population

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16
Q

total fertility rate

A

total number births per single woman in a population

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17
Q

replacement fertility rate

A

fertility rate at which the population will remain balanced

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18
Q

sub-replacement fertility rate

A

where death exceed birth leading to unsustainability

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19
Q

population momentum

A

period of where high fertility rate leading to those children reproducing

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20
Q

mortality

A

death rate in a population

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21
Q

morbidity

A

refers to nature and extent of disease in a population

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22
Q

case fatality rate

A

measures of death as the result of set of diagnosis or procedure

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23
Q

external migration

A

referred to as cross-border/international movement

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24
Q

internal migration

A

movement within country

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25
involuntary migration/forced migration
movement due to external factors that pose a threat to the individual in their original environment
26
colonization
migration to settled areas in which dominance is exerted over a foreign state
27
push factors
negative factors of the original environment that lead to migration
28
pull factors
appealing aspects of target country that leads to migration to that country
29
urban sprawl
migration of people from urban areas to otherwise remote areas
30
urban blight
less functioning areas of large cities degrade as a result of urban decline
31
gentrification
renovation of urban areas in a process of urban renewal
32
social aging
biological changes in a multidimensional process in which individuals experience complex emotional and social changes
33
gender roles
describes the social and behavioral expectations for men and women
34
gender expression
external manifestation of these roles
35
gender schema theory
study of how gender beliefs become socialized in a society
36
race
description of a distinct social group based on certain shared characteristic
37
ethnicity
cultural rather than biological
38
ethnogenesis
social process that results in the creation of separate ethnicities
39
racialization/ethnicization
social process in which the dominant group ascribes racial or ethnic identities to a group that do not relate to those labels
40
heteronromative beliefs
enforce strict gender roles and involves prejudice and discrimination against non-heterosexual individuals
41
globalization
the process of the increasing interdependence of societies and connections between people across the world
42
economic interdependence
division of labor on a global scale
43
outsourcing
the contracting of third parties for specific operations
44
relative deprivation
conscious experience of individual or group that do not have the resources needed for the social experiences and services that's are seen as appropriate to their social position
45
social stratification
the way that people are categorized in society
46
meritocracy
stratification system that uses merit (personal effort) to establish social standing
47
socioeconomic status (SES)
terms of power (ability to get other people to do something), property (sum f possessions and income), and prestige (reputation in society)
48
social mobility
ability to move up or down within the social stratification system
49
intrageneration mobility
difference in social class between different members of the same generation
50
social reproduction
the structures and activities in place in a society that serve to transmit and reinforce social inequality from one general to the next
51
cultural capital
non-financial social assets that promote social mobility
52
social capital
potential for social network to allow for upward social mobility
53
global stratification
compares wealth, economic stability, and power of various countries
54
relative poverty
inability to meet the average standard of living within
55
absolute poverty
inability to meet a bare minimum of basic necessities
56
marginal poverty
lack of stable employment
57
structural poverty
due to underlying and pervasive effects of the society's institutions
58
health care disparities
the population-specific difference in the presence of disease, health outcomes, and quality of health care across difference social groups
59
gender bias
when women and men receive different treatment for the same disease or illness
60
gender bias
when women and men receive different treatment for the same disease or illness
61
Racial Formation perspective
The idea that race is a social construct

Psych/Soc MCAT (9 decks)

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