Culture Media - Ing/comp Flashcards by Josh Vincent Sario

Organisms capable of using acetate also use the medium’s ammonium salt as a nitrogen sources.

pH indicator (alkaline) - bromthymol blue

Acetate agar

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1% esculin with ferric ammonium citrate

Bacteroides bile esculin (BBE) agar

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Some formulations recommend adjusting to pH 9.0 and adding sodium chloride to a concentration of 0.5% to 1.0%

Alkaline Peptone Water

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Bile and ferric citrate

Bile Esculin Agar

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Bismuth sulfite and brilliant green

Bismuth Sulfite Agar

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Sheep blood provides the enrichment. Vitamin K1 and hemin are also added to this medium.

Blood Agar, Anaerobic, Brucella Base, Wadsworth

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Tryptic soy agar base and contains yeast extract, L-cysteine, hemin (factor X), sheep blood, and vitamin K1.

Blood Agar, Anaerobic,
CDC

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Anaerobic, laked blood agar with kanamycin, vancomycin, and vitamin K (KVKL)

Blood Agar, Anaerobic, Laked, With Kanamycin, Vancomycin, and Vitamin K

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the addition of the antimicrobials kanamycin and vancomycin.

Blood Agar, Anaerobic, With Kanamycin and Vancomycin

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Rabbit blood

Blood Agar, Rabbit

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Sheep blood

An infusion agar or tryptic soy agar base can be enriched by the addition of 5% to 10% defibrinated sheep, rabbit, or human blood

Blood Agar, Sheep

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Yeast extract, hemin, vitamin K, and defibrinated sheep blood.

Phenylethyl alcohol- inhibits facultative gram negative anaerobes by suppressing DNA synthesis and cell division.

Blood Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar, Anaerobic, CDC

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Peptone is used in the base medium and is enriched by the addition of glycerol, potato infusion, and sterile, defibrinated sheep blood.

Increased selectivity of the medium is achieved by adding penicillin, methicillin, or cephalexin to the medium

Bordet-Gengou Blood Agar

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Sodium chloride, and buffers also are added. This formulation is often used as a blood culture medium.

NaCl (6.5%) can be added to differentiate the salt-tolerant enterococci from the streptococci that are inhibited by the high salt concentration

Brain-Heart Infusion Broth

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Yeast extract, α-ketoglutarate, and L-cysteine - enhance the growth of Legionella and other organisms.

Activated charcoal -to absorb toxic compounds that accumulate as a result of the organism’s metabolism or are present following preparation of this medium

Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar

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Crystal violet, bile salts, polymyxin B, and ticarcillin - inhibit most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms

Burkholderia cepacia Agar

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The base consists of trypticase peptone, yeast extract, sucrose, lactose, and sodium chloride.

Polymyxin B, gentamicin, vancomycin, and crystal violet - selective agents.

Burkholderia cepacia Selective Agar

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Brucella agar serves as the base medium because it contains sodium bisulfite, which lowers
the redox potential, thereby enhancing the recovery of microaerophilic organisms such as Campylobacter spp.

Ten percent sheep blood enriches the basal medium antimicrobial mixture makes the medium selective

Campylobacter Blood Agar (Campy-BA)

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also called cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. - highly inhibitory and has been used as an antiseptic.

Magnesium chloride and potassium sulfatestimulate the production of pyocyanin

Cetrimide Agar

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Sheep blood while the basal medium is warm enough to lyse the red blood cells, releasing hemoglobin and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD).

Alternatively, sheep blood may be replaced by 2% hemoglobin and a chemical supplement solution, such as Iso-Vitalex (BBL, Cockeysville, MD).

Chocolate Agar

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Peptone and glucose are present in the basal nutrient agar, to which are added proprietary chromogenic mixtures, antimicrobial agents, and other additives.

CHROMagar

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Ability or inability to use citrate as its sole source of carbon.

Bromthymol blue- pH indicator

Citrate Agar, Simmons

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Peptones derived from casein and meat as well as beef and yeast extracts.

Columbia Agar With and Without 5% Sheep Blood

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Dehydrated medium containing peptones, beef heart, and dextrose is suspended in tubes according to the manufacturer’s directions

Cooked Meat (Chopped Meat Glucose) Medium

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cycloserine and cefoxitin- antimicrobials which inhibit the growth of intestinal normal biota by interfering with cell wall synthesis in gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. Fructose and a pH indicator, neutral red, are included to confirm that the isolates can ferment this sugar

Cycloserine Cefoxitin Fructose Agar

semisolid base medium that contains no meat or plant extracts and is free from fermentable carbohydrates. Phenol red- pH indicator

Cystine tryptic (tryptophan [trypticase]) agar (CTA) with Sugar

The differential ingredient is one of three amino acids —lysine, arginine, or ornithine. bromocresol purple – pH indicator

Decarboxylase Test Medium (Moeller

Incorporated egg emulsion provides the lecithin, lipids, and proteins to be degraded by these enzymes.

Egg Yolk Agar, CDC Formulation Modified McClung Toabe agar

Eosin Y and methylene blue- dyes, the selective ingredients, are incorporated to inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria while allowing the growth of gram-negative ones. Lactose and sucrose- carbohydrates incorporated to allow differentiation of isolates based on lactose or sucrose fermentation.

Eosin–Methylene Blue Agar

The lyophilized rabbit serum with natural hemoglobin is commercially available as Leptospira Enrichment, or sterile, pooled, fresh natural rabbit serum may be added

Fletcher Semisolid Medium

Starch gelatin, Kohn gelatin, and nutrient gelatin agar. Sterile tubed medium can be stored at 4° C.

Gelatin Medium (Nutrient)

The selective ingredients are desoxycholate and citrate salts, which inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria while allowing the growth of aerobic gram-negative bacteria. Enrichment is provided by increasing the concentration of mannitol, which temporarily favors the growth of mannitol-fermenting, gram-negative rods (Salmonella and Shigella) over that of the non– mannitol fermenters (e.g., Proteus).

Gram-Negative Broth

This medium has a clear agar base and includes beef, yeast, and casein extracts, as well as hematin and NAD

Haemophilus Test Medium

lactose, salicin, and sucrose – differential agents which determine fermentation patterns bromothymol blue - pH indicator ferric salts (sodium thiosulfate, ferric ammonium citrate) - detect the production of hydrogen sulfide gas.

Hektoen Enteric Agar

The differential ingredient is 1% sodium hippurate, which the group B streptococci hydrolyze to glycine and benzoic acid.

Hippurate Broth

Lead acetate–impregnated paper strips suspended over the culture during incubation detect the liberated gas

Hydrogen Sulfide, Lead Acetate

KIA contains glucose and lactose (fermentable carbohydrates), 10:1 (Lactose: Glucose ratio) phenol red -pH indicator peptone -carbon-nitrogen source sodium thiosulfate plus ferric ammonium sulfate -sulfur source and H2S indicator

Kligler Iron Agar

contains peptones, yeast extract, and dextrose to support the growth of the Streptococci. Colistin and nalidixic acid - inhibit the growth of gram-negative organisms

Lim Broth (modified Todd-Hewitt broth.

High serum content, as well as the incorporation of eggs, enables the detection of proteolytic activity.

Loeffler Coagulated Serum Slant

The potato flour, egg, and glycerol included in LJ medium help detoxify this medium and supply nutrients required for growth of these organisms

Löwenstein-Jensen Medium

Lysine- amino acid glucose - carbohydrate source a small amount of protein bromocresol purple -pH indicator sodium thiosulfate and ferric ammonium citrate- sulfur source and H2S indicator

Lysine Iron Agar

Bile salts and crystal violet- inhibit most gram positive organisms but permit growth of gram negative rods. Lactose serves as the sole carbohydrate source.

MacConkey Agar

contains the same components as MAC except the D-sorbitol is substituted for lactose.

MacConkey Sorbitol Agar

Sodium malonate -the primary carbon source, small quantities of glucose and yeast extract - nutrients bromothymol blue - pH indicator various salts and buffering system

Malonate Broth

A high salt concentration (7.5%)- inhibits most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria except Staphylococcus spp. S. aureus can ferment Mannitol- Carbohydrate source phenol red- Indicator

Mannitol Salt Agar

include OADC (oleic acid–dextrose catalase) enrichment, which chemically simulates egg components. Malachite green is also added

Middlebrook 7H10 and 7H11 Agars

Amphotericin B, carbenicillin, polymyxin B, and trimethoprim are typically incorporated

Mitchison 7H11 Selective Agar

Chocolate agar base and added growth factors such as hemoglobin, vitamins, diphosphopyridine nucleotide, L-cysteine, NAD, and glutamine are the main constituents of MTM.

Modified Thayer-Martin Agar

Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) may be added to the basic motility medium to enhance detection of motility.

Motility Test Medium

Contains animal infusion, casein extract, and starch, it supports the growth of most organisms.

Mueller-Hinton Agar

The addition of 2% NaCl to the basic Mueller Hinton medium results in a medium that is selective for Staphylococci

Mueller-Hinton Agar With 2% NaCl

4% NaCl and 6 μg oxacillin are added to the basic Mueller-Hinton medium to screen

Mueller-Hinton Agar With 4% NaCl and 6 μg Oxacillin

colistin -inhibits gram-negative rods amphotericin B- prevents the growth of yeast and molds. Trimethoprim - prevent swarming of Proteus spp.

Nitrate Reduction Broth

The determination of nitrate reduction is performed in two parts. Sulfanilic acid and N,N-dimethyl-1- naphthylamine reagents are added first. Further confirmatory tests are done by addition of Zinc dust

Nitrate Reduction Broth

Contains minimal nutrients and an especially low concentration of protein.

Nutrient Agar

Bromothymol blue serves as the pH indicator for acid detection

Oxidative-Fermentative Medium (Hugh and Leifson Formulation)

Polymyxin B and bacitracin - to inhibit the growth of most gram-negative and gram positive bacteria.

Oxidative-Fermentative Polymyxin B–Bacitracin-Lactose Agar

PAD agar includes phenylalanine, yeast extract, a nitrogen and carbon source, various salts, and agar (a solidifying agent).

Phenylalanine Deaminase Agar

These enrichments include: Vitamin K - required for pigment-producing Prevotella and Porphyromonas yeast extract, hemin, and glucose. Cysteine- helps keep the medium more reduced and anaerobic. Resazurin - serves as an anaerobic indicator

Peptone–Yeast Extract– Glucose Broth

Phenylethyl alcohol- inhibits facultative gram negative rods, especially swarming Proteus spp., but permits the growth of gram positive cocci

Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar

Cystine – (in some formulations) to enhance the growth of fastidious organisms further, including C. diphtheriae. Potassium tellurite- selective and differential ingredient responsible for inhibiting the growth of gram-negative organisms, staphylococci, and streptococci while allowing the growth of C. diphtheriae and diphtheroids.

Potassium Tellurite Blood Agar

Nutrients in this medium are provided by yeast-enriched peptones, serum, and heart infusion. Sodium chloride- added to maintain proper osmotic pressure

PPLO Agar

comprised of beef extracts, horse blood, niacin, and pancreatic digests. Charcoal and starch- to neutralize the inhibitors, especially fatty acids and peroxides that might be present in the medium. Cephalexin - selective agent.

Regan-Lowe Medium

bile salts, sodium citrate, and brilliant green inhibit the growth of gram-positive and many lactose-fermenting, gram-negative rods normally found in stool. Lactose - carbohydrate source in the medium neutral red - pH indicator. Sodium thiosulfate - source of sulfur for the production of H2S.

Salmonella-Shigella Agar

Vegetable and meat peptones, yeast extract,and glucose -provide the nutrients. Vitamin K, sheep blood, and Hemin- for the growth of more fastidious anaerobes

Schaedler Agar

inhibits the growth of many gram-negative rods and enterococci but permits the recovery of Salmonella and some Shigella species. Selenite is most effective at a neutral pH.

Selenite Broth

Prepared from heart infusion broth, a general purpose medium that already contains 0.5% NaCl

Sodium Chloride Broth, 6.5%

Yeast products – serve as growth factors for Mycoplasma and supply preformed nucleic acid. Fetal bovine serum - supplies the cholesterol necessary for the synthesis of sterols for the bacterial membranes, stabilizing these organisms because they lack cell walls. Penicillin - prevent the growth of gram-positive bacteria amphotericin B - inhibits fungi, and polymyxin B inhibits gram-negative rods.

SP-4 Broth and SP-4 Agar

Columbia agar - base to which ribonucleic acid and maltose is added to enhance the production of streptolysin S. Polymyxin B and neomycin - inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms that are found as normal oral biota.

Streptococcus-Selective Agar

Tetrathionate is produced when an iodine–potassium iodide solution is added to the basal broth. Bile salts in conjunction with thiosulfate and the added iodine-iodide solution - inhibit the growth of most gram-negative rods and grampositive organisms, except Salmonella. Some formulations also include brilliant green or crystal violet, which increases the inhibitory nature of the medium

Tetrathionate Broth

Sodium citrate, sodium thiosulfate, and oxgall (10% solution equivalent to full strength bile)- inhibit many gram-positive cocci and gramnegative rods normally present in stool specimens

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose Agar

Casein, cysteine, glucose, and yeast extract. – Nutrient source Thioglycollate, cystine, and sodium sulfite - reducing agents in this medium Low concentration of agar- prevents downward diffusion of oxygen, allowing for the growth of anaerobic organisms toward the bottom of the tube. Bile salts- inhibit some bacteria.

Thioglycollate Broth, Basal and Enriched

High concentration of potassium telluritewhich inhibits the growth of most normal biota but permits Corynebacterium spp., especially C. diphtheriae, to grow.

Tinsdale Agar

peptones and beef heart infusion- nutrient source glucose - energy source. Gentamicin and nalidixic acid -inhibit the growth of gram-negative rods.

Todd-Hewitt Broth With Gentamicin and Nalidixic Acid

TSI agar contains glucose, sucrose, and lactose (fermentable carbohydrates); 10:10:1 – Lactose: Sucrose: Glucose concentration ratio Phenol red -pH indicator Peptone -carbon/nitrogen source Sodium thiosulfate plus ferric ammonium sulfate - sulfur source and H2S indicator, respectively

Triple Sugar Iron Agar

TSA contains peptones from soybeans and casein as a nutrient source sodium chloride -osmotic stabilizer. Agar - solidifying agent

Trypticase Soy Agar

contains soybean and casein digests as protein sources sodium chloride -for osmotic stability glucose - fermentable carbohydrate dipotassium phosphate - buffer.

Trypticase Soy Broth

This broth contains trypticase- a peptone rich in tryptophan sodium chloride- osmotic stabilizer

Tryptophan Broth, 1%

The ammonia then reacts with components in the medium to form ammonium carbonate. phenol red -pH indicator

Urea Agar and Broth

Columbia agar base with added: peptone – nutrients cornstarch -energy source, human blood, rather than sheep blood- to detect hemolysis

Vaginalis Agar (V agar)

contains three fermentable carbohydrates— Sucrose and Lactose- Higher concentration Xylose- Lower concentration Phenol red - pH indicator. Lysine - detect lysine decarboxylation. Sodium thiosulfate - sulfur source from which organisms can make hydrogen sulfide. H2S combines with ferric ammonium citrate to produce ferrous sulfide, a black precipitate.

Xylose-Lysine-Desoxycholate Agar

Culture Media - Ing/comp Flashcards

Culture media according to KEY INGREDIENTS/COMPONENTS (81 cards)