Cumulative Review Bio 1 (Chemistry, Cells, Energy)

Question 1

Bonds

Answer 1

link btw atoms

Question 2

Covalent Bonds

Answer 2

sharing one or more pairs of electrons-strong bonds

Question 3

Ionic Bond

Answer 3

attraction btw two oppositely charged ions

Question 4

When do Hydrogens Bonds btw water molecules occur? Strong or weak?

Answer 4

when the slightly pos hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to slightly neg charge of oxygen atom on another water molecule-weak bonds

Question 5

Why is water cohesive (stick to itself) and adhesive (stick to other things)?

Answer 5

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 6

What is an example of cohesion?

Answer 6

Surface Tension (insect crawling on water)

Question 7

Major groups of organic (living) compounds?

Answer 7

Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acid

Question 8

Carbohydrates

Answer 8

monosaccharides like glucose and polysaccharides like starch

Question 9

Lipids

Answer 9

fats, oils, waxes, steroids-made of long hydro-carbon chains call fatty acids

Question 10

Proteins

Answer 10

made of monomers called amino acids

Question 11

Nucleic Acids (RNA-single strand, DNA-double strand)

Answer 11

made of monomers called nucleotides

Question 12

Prokaryotes

Answer 12

Bacteria and Archaea-have cell walls but no nucleus (some are autotrophs and some are heterotrophs)

Question 13

Are prokaryotes asexual or sexual?

Answer 13

All prokaryotes are asexual

Question 14

Eukaryotes

Answer 14

have cell wall and nucleus, ER, and Golgi (some autotrophs and some heterotrophs)

Question 15

Eukaryotes asexual or sexual?

Answer 15

some are asexual, but most are sexual

Question 16

Important Organic Molecules with cell membrane (5)

Answer 16

Carbs, lipids, nucleic acid, proteins, and ribosomes)

Question 17

Ribosomes

Answer 17

used to make protein

Question 18

What is the purpose of phospholipids and proteins in membranes?

Answer 18

Phospholipids form barrier/Proteins serve various functions like passageways, enzymes, and receptors of information

Question 19

What is cells Metabolism?

Answer 19

All chemical reactions in a cell

Question 20

Exergonic vs. Endergonic

Answer 20

Release energy/Require energy

Question 21

ATP

Answer 21

Energy source of all cells-fuel all endergonic processes

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

Required for all rxns (exergonic/endergonic)-lower the energy required for rxn to begin

Question 23

Photosynthesis

Answer 23

Autotrophs-energy of light-makes glucose from CO2

Question 24

Photosynthesis Formula

Answer 24

Light + CO2 + H2O—> Glucose + H2O

Question 25

Cellular Respiration (3)

Answer 25

Cells make ATP from glucose energy- Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

Question 26

Cell Respiration Formula

Answer 26

Glucose +O2 —-> CO2 + H2O + 36 ATP

Question 27

Why does the Electron Transport Chain use oxygen?

Answer 27

To accept electrons taken from glucose (exergonic process)