Current Perspectives and Paradigms Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are scientific paradigms? Can they change?
Conceptual frameworks (“worldviews”) that act as filters and shape production, interpretation, and use of science. Dominant paradigms can shift over time.
What is in simple terms (psychiatric) behavioral genetics?
nature vs. nurture
What is heritability?
Not an individual statistic. The proportion of the variability in a trait that can be statistically explained by genetic differences among people within a given population
How do you interpret heritability coefficients? And what do they depend on?
- Ranges from 0 to 1
- population, environment, trait, and method of measurement
Is heritability a property of populations or individuals?
Populations
What doesn’t heritability mean?
- that the environment is irrelevant
- how hard a trait is to change
- how genetic a trait is
- why groups differ
What does GWAS help us with? What problem does it cause?
Looking at everything. But it causes the missing heritability problem
What do we mean by polygenic in terms of psychological disorders?
That the apparent genetic risk isn’t made just by 1 gene it is made by many.
“Nature or Nurture?”
Both genetics and the environment influence, and they are interdependent (influence each other)
How do neurotransmitters work?
-may perform MANY different functions
- they also interact with each other
How does the brain function?
- through specific brain regions
- circuits, networks, and connectivity
The nervous system isn’t just the brain, what else is it?
The peripheral nervous system which involves the sympathetic (fight or flight) and the parasympathetic nervous system (calm).
What is behaviorism?
Explains that behaviors are learned and that they are shaped by our environment
What are two important functions of affective sciene?
-intrapersonal (ex: convo with yourself)
-interpersonal (ex: convo between you & friends)
What factors can make up the different disorders?
- person specific
- environmental factors can trigger, exacerbate or maintain
- broader scale (availability of firearms)
- culture
How is emotion dysregulation related to diagnosis?
Just about every psychological diagnosis is associated with dysregulated emotions
Social factors can weigh heavily on mental health outcomes and Paradigms MATTER (look at back)
our beliefs about the nature and causes of psychological disorders are consequential, paradigms will determine what we prioritize
What is pluralism in terms of mental health conditions?
looking at different areas not just 1 (looking at biological, social and psychological)
