Cutaneous Disorders Flashcards
(49 cards)
Tx for seborrheic dermatitis in peds AKA cradle cap
Soap and water
Emollient (petrolatum, mineral oil) or selenium sulfide shampoos
Low-potency topical corticosteroids only for extensive or persistent cases
Ketoconazole shampoo
Distinguishing diaper rashes (seborrheic dermatitis vs. candidal dermatitis vs. contact dermatitis)
Seborrheic Dermatitis
- “greasy,” transparent to pink-red patches that are macerated located on scalp, ears, face, chest, groin
Candidal dermatitis
- beefy red plaques with satellite lesions
Contact dermatitis
- Erythematous, indurated, scaly plaques (severe cases with vesiculation and bullae)
Which rare potentially life-threatening disease can present resembling a candidal diaper rash?
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Tx for seborrheic dermatitis when involves body areas other than scalp in infants
Ketoconazole 2% cream or a low potency topical corticosteroid (hydrocortisone 1% cream)
Timing of rash in parvovirus B19 infection
URI sx for 3-4 days then “slapped cheek” rash
Most common cause of impetigo?
Staph aureus followed by group A strep
Tx for impetigo
Limited number of lesions: topical mupirocin
Numerous lesions or involvement of more than one area:: oral abx such as cephalexin or dicloxacillin
Symptoms of IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein Purpura)
- Palpable purpura - lower extremities and buttocks (NORMAL platelets)
- Colicky abdominal pain - can complicate to intussusception
- Heme-positive stool
- Microscopic hematuria, proteinuria, elevated BUN/Cr
- Arthralgias
Uncommon: orchitis or testicular torsion
Most commonly implicated medications leading to SJS or TEN
- Allopurinol
- Antiepileptic meds
- Lamotrigine
- Sulfonamide abx
- Sulfasalazine
- Oxicam NSAIDs
Classic drug reaction patterns: a series
Q117080
Which tinea infections in children always requires systemic antifungal therapy?
Tinea capitis, tinea unguium (onychomycosis)
Griseofulvin, terbinafine, fluconazole, itraconazole
What is the most common cause of death from seafood consumption in the United States?
Vibrio vulnificus septicemia
What is Dyshidrotic Eczema?
Vesicular rash typically found on the palms, soles, and sides of fingers that presents in the third decade of life with lifelong occurrences
Has similar appearance as herpes, lesions are opaque and deep-seated, either flush with the skin or slightly elevated and do not break easily
Description of erythema multiforme
Target-like lesions - central dark papule surrounded by a pale area and halo of erythema
Causes of erythema multiforme
- Herpes simplex (most common viral cause)
- Mycoplasma
- Sulfonamides
- Penicillins
- Barbiturates
- Phenytoin
- NSAIDs
- Oral hypoglycemics
- Lupus
- Hepatitis
- Lymphoma
What is the most common corneal lesion in herpes zoster ophthalmicus?
Punctate epithelial keratitis
Pseudodendrites are also associated (no terminal bulb)
Main difference between staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome vs. SJS
SSSS - circumoral erythema without mucosal involvement
SSSS toxins target desmoglein 1 which is not predominant in mucosa
What is a fixed drug eruption?
Solitary erythematous patch that is round or oval and well-circumscribed
- Typically pruritic
- May become dusky and violaceous
- Swelling, bullae, and erosion of lesion may occur
Common causes of fixed drug eruptions
- Tetracyclines
- Sulfonamides
- Fluoroquinolones
- Penicillins
- Dapsone
- NSAIDs
- Barbiturates
- Acetaminophen
- Antimalarials
Why are breastfed infants less likely to get diaper dermatitis?
The pH of their feces is lower
Risk factors for melanoma
- Ultraviolet irradiation (particularly light-skinned individuals)
- BRAF gene
- Family hx
- Dysplastic nevi
What is the most important factor in melanoma?
Depth
Characteristics of epidermal cysts (sebaceous cysts)
- skin-colored lesion
- present for long period of time
- often with central punctate area
- white or yellowish waxy material drainage
What genetic condition is associated with numerous epidermoid cysts on face, ears, trunk?
Gardner syndrome
