CV Examination Flashcards
(37 cards)
For a CV disorder, what else would you examine/monitor during benchmark tasks?
- HR
- BP
- RPE
- pulse ox
What is included in lab testing?
MI: Troponins; CK MB
HF: BNP
electrolytes: K, Na, Ca
Coags: PTT; PT/INR
what is included in diagnostic testing
- ECG
- chest x ray
- cardiac catheterization
- echocardiogram
What is a normal range for troponin?
0- 0.04 ng/mL
what is BNP
brain natriuretic peptide- a diuretic
- BNP released from the stressed LV (volume overload)
- BNP increases diuresis from kidneys
- after treatment, BNP levels decline and signifies recovery phase
what does troponin tell us?
damage to the heart
what do BNP tell us?
stress
what is the effect of exercise and weight loss on HDL and triglycerides?
increases HDL
decreases tri
what are the effects of diets low in saturated fats, trans fats and cholesterol on total cholesterol?
decreases total cholesterol and LDL
what happens to HDL and LDL after menopause?
decrease HDL
increase LDL
what is a non-ST elevation MI? (NSTEMI)
more problems in the long term
-positive troponins
what is a ST elevation MI? (STEMI)
mores significant heart attack
- complete blockage
- may imply a transmural (full thickness of epicardium) to a endocardium injury
- positive troponins
what kind of troponins does unstable angina present
negative
what is the NYHA classification for Class 1?
mild limitation
cardiac disease
-no limitations of physical activity
-ordinary activity does not cause any symptoms
what is the NYHA classification for Class 2?
mild limitation cardiac disease -slight limtation -comfy at rest -ordinary activity results in fatigue, palpation, dyspnea, angina
what is the NYHA classification for Class 3?
mod limitation
cardiac disease
-marked limitation
-less than ordinary activity causes symptoms
what is the NYHA classification for Class 4?
severe limitation cardiac disease -inability to carry on any physical activity without discomfort -angina or symptoms present at rest -activity increases discomfrt
what are the 5 vital signs?
HR BP RR temp pain
what are 3 additional vital signs?
pulse ox
RPE
gait speed
what are normal pulse rangse for newborn?
100-130
what are normal pulse ranges for child (1-7)?
80-120
what are normal pulse ranges for adults?
60-100
what are the diff pulse qualities?
3+= full, bounding 2+= normal 1+= weak, thread 0= absent
what are contraindictions to taking BP?
- history of breast cancer/mastectomy/lympphedema
- kidney disease
- DVT
- avoid intravascular lines
