CV FA

Question 1

Def’n of unstable angina

Answer 1

Angina that is new, worsening, or occurring at rest.

Question 2

Which antihypertensive is used in diabetics with proteinuria?

Answer 2

ACEi

Question 3

What is Beck’s Triad for cardiac tamponade?

Answer 3

JVD, distant heart sounds, hypotension

Question 4

Which drugs slow heart rate?

Answer 4

Beta blockers, CCB, digoxin, amiodarone

Question 5

Which hypercholesterolemia treatment leads to flushing and pruritis?

Answer 5

Niacin

Question 6

What is characteristic of a HOCM murmur?

Answer 6

Systolic ejection murmur along lateral sternal border that inc with dec preload

Question 7

Aortic insufficiency murmur

Answer 7

Diastolic, decrescendo low pitched, blowing. Inc with inc afterload (sitting up)

Question 8

Aortic stenosis murmur

Answer 8

Systolic crescendo/decrescendo radiating to the neck; inc with inc preload

Question 9

Mitral regurg murmur

Answer 9

A holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilaa; inc with inc afterload

Question 10

Mitral stenosis murmur

Answer 10

A diastolic mid to late low pitched murmur with opening snap

Question 11

Treatment for A Fib and A flutter

Answer 11

Cardioversion if unstable. Rate control with CCB or Beta blocker if stable/chronic.

Question 12

V Fib treatment

Answer 12

Immediate cardioversion

Question 13

Dressler’s syndrome

Answer 13

Autoimmune reaction with fever, pericarditis, and inc ESR 2-4 weeks post-MI

Question 14

IV drug use with JVD and a holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border. treatment?

Answer 14

Treat existing HF and replace tricuspid valve

Question 15

Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 15

ECHO (thickened LV wall and outflow obstruction)

Question 16

Pulsus paradoxus

Answer 16

seen in cardiac tamponade, a dec of systolic BP by > 10 with inspiration

Question 17

Classic ECG findings in pericarditis

Answer 17

Low voltage diffuse ST segment elevation

Question 18

Eight correctable causes of HTN

Answer 18

renal artery stenosis, aortic coarctation, pheo, Conn’s syndrome, Cushing’s, unilateral renal parenchymal disease, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism

Question 19

“Sawtooth” P waves

Answer 19

Atrial flutter

Question 20

Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mads and bruit

Answer 20

Abd US and CT

Question 21

When to repair an aortic aneurysm

Answer 21

> 5.5 cm, rapid enlargement, symptomatic, or ruptured

Question 22

Treatment for acute coronary syndrome

Answer 22

ASA, heparin, clopidogrel, morphine, sublingual nitroglycerin, IV beta blockers

Question 23

Metabolic syndrome

Answer 23

Abd obesity, high TG, low LDL, hypertension, insulin resistance, prothrombic or proinflammatory states

Question 24

Appropriate test for 50 yr old man with stable angina who can exercise to 85% of max HR

Answer 24

Exercise stress treadmill with ECG

Question 25

Appropriate test for 65 yo woman with LBBB and sever osteoarthritis with unstable angina

Answer 25

Pharmacologic stress test (dobutamine)

Question 26

Target LDL in diabetic pt

Question 27

Signs of ischemia during stress testing

Answer 27

Angina, ST changes, dec BP

Question 28

ECG findings suggestive of MI

Answer 28

ST elevation (ischemia = depression), flattened T waves, Q waves

Question 29

Coronary territories in MI

Answer 29

``` Anterior= LAD/diagonal Inferior=PDA posterior= left circumflex/oblique RCA= marginal Septum= LAD/diagonal ```

Question 30

Young pt with angina at rest and ST elevation with normal cardiac enzymes

Answer 30

Prinzmetal's angina

Question 31

Common symptoms associated with silent MI

Answer 31

cHF, shock, AMS

Question 32

Diagnostic test for PE

Answer 32

Spiral CT with contrast

Question 33

What does Protamine do?

Answer 33

Reverse heparin

Question 34

Warfarin inc which coagulation test?

Answer 34

PT (prothrombin time)

Question 35

Endocarditis prophylaxis

Answer 35

Amox for oral surgery; not recommended in GU/GI cases

Question 36

Virchow's triad

Answer 36

Stasis, hypercoagulopathy, endothelial damage

Question 37

Most common cause of HTN in young women? Young men?

Answer 37

OCPs; excessive EtOH

Question 38

Water bottle shaped heart

Answer 38

Pericardial effusion. Evaluate for pulsus paradoxus

Question 39

Figure 3 sign

Answer 39

Aortic coarctation