CV System Flashcards
What are the chambers of the heart?
What are the chambers of the heart? right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
Explain how the flow of blood travels through the heart.
Blood enters through the right atrium and is pumped to the right ventricle, which then flows to the lungs. The lungs add oxygen to it and return the blood to the left atrium and left ventricle to supply the blood to the whole body.
What are the valves of the heart?
tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic
Explain how the heart maintains homeostasis in the body.
By regulating oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues.
Describe the components of blood pressure. Give examples of low, normal, and high blood pressure.
Systolic: heart contracts and pushes out blood
Diastolic: force exerted when the heart is at rest
80/65: low 120/80: normal 140/90: high
Describe the components of heart rate(pulse). Give examples of low, normal, and high
Heart rate is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Low: 40-60 Normal: 60-100 High: 120+ at rest
Hypertension
Causes: diet, smoking
Symptoms: blurred vision, dizziness
Treatment: self-care and diuretics
Coronary artery disease
Causes: diabetes, obesity
Symptoms: dizziness, fatigue
Treatment: medication, surgery
myocardial infarction
Causes: CAD
Symptoms: dizziness, fatigue
treatment: medication, surgery
various cardiac arrhythmias
causes: smoking, hypertension
symptoms: fatigue, dizziness
treatment: surgery, maze procedure
ischemic heart disease
causes: smoking, hypertension
symptoms: chest pain, sweating
treatment: medication, surgery
Describe how an electrocardiogram works.
it detects irregular heart rhythms by recording electrical signals from the heart
Describe how a cardiac stress test works.
it shows problems with blood flow by recording the patient’s heart activity during exercise
Describe how an ultrasound works.
it uses high-frequency sound waves to view soft tissues inside the body
Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
improves blood flow to heart; treats CAD
Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Balloon Angioplasty
opens narrowed arteries, treats CAD
Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Stent Placement
inserting of a small tube into arteries, treats narrowed coronary arteries
Describe the treatment/diagnosis: Pacemaker
treats abnormal heart rhythms with a small device placed onto the body
Artery
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
vein
Blood vessel carrying blood towards the heart
tachy
rapid
brady
slow
sclerosis
hardening
bacterial endocarditis
inflammation of the lining of the heart
