CVA, Headache, Seizure Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the most common causes of head pain?
Primary headache disorders
What are the two primary headache disorders?
Tension and vascular (migraine)
What are red flags for headache presentations found during history or physical?
Worst headache of your life, abrupt onset, onset with strenuous activity, photophobia, neck stiffness, fever, pain with eye movement, focal neurons findings, new onset over the age of 50, immunocompromised
What is a small bleed before an aneurysm rupture?
Sentinel bleed
What is the gold standard imaging for diagnosing subarachnoid hemorrhage? Second best?
CT, lumbar puncture
Headache more common in males and characterized by pain behind the eye, tearing of eye, relief with high flow oxygen
Cluster headache
Vasculitis of major vessels including external and internal carotid and can affect vision causing decreased blood flow, retina associated blindness
Temporal arteritis
Initial study to evaluate temporal arteritis
ESR
Headache commonly found in obese female with elevated LP opening pressure
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
What relieves idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Draining CSF
What cranial nerves pass through cavernous sinus?
CN 3, 4, 5, v1, v2, 6
What conditions make headaches a concern in pregnant women?
Eclampsia, cavernous sinus thrombosis, SAH, and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)
What population may lack fever and meningismus when presenting with meningitis or other opportunistic brain infection?
HIV patients
Rapidly progressing fever, headache, and altered mental status
Encephalitis
Most common form of encephalitis
Herpes simplex encephalitis
Necrotizing, hemorrhagic infection that results in brain tissue destruction and require early aggressive treatment with antiviral therapy
Herpes simplex encephalitis
T/F You should delay administration of antibiotics/antivirals to obtain LP.
FALSE
_________ headaches in _________ months classifies a migraine disorder.
more than three, six months
Five treatment options for migraines
Dopaminergic agonist, serotonin agonist, NSAIDS, steroids, spenopalatine ganglion block
What type of headache responds well to 100% oxygen?
Cluster
Most common type of stroke
Ischemic
What type of ischemic stroke typically happens because of plaque in the arteries?
Thombosis
Small vessel obstructions that are usually pure motor or sensory
Lacunar strokes
Initial exam for a suspected stroke
FAST exam
