CVS Drugs

Question 1

Mnemonics: Toxicities of thiazides

Answer 1

Hyper GLUC

Glycemia, Lipidemia, Uricemia, Calcemia

Question 2

Drug class and MOA of Furosemide

Answer 2

Loop diuretic

Inhibits Na/K/2Cl transporter to TAL of loop of Henle

Question 3

Acid base balance of loop diuretics

Answer 3

Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis

Question 4

Loop diuretic that is not sulfur-derivative

Answer 4

Ethacrynic acid

Question 5

Mnemonics: Toxicities of loop diuretics

Answer 5

OH DANG!
Ototoxicity, Hypokalemia
DHN, Allergy to sulfa, Nephritis, Gout

Question 6

What drugs are used to control HTN in pheochromocytoma

Answer 6

Phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine or labetalol

Question 7

Mnemonics:

Medications that can cause drug-induced lupus

Answer 7

It’s HIPP to have LUPUS

Hydralazine, Isoniazid, Procainamide, Penicillamine

Question 8

Drug class & MOA of verapamil

Answer 8

Non-dihydropyridine CCB

Blocks voltage-gated L-type Ca channels (Cardiac > Vascular)

Question 9

Common SE of Verapamil/ Nifedipine

Answer 9

Constipation and edema

Question 10

Mnemonics: drugs that can cause gingival hyperplasia

Answer 10

Napa-Ca Pangit ng gingiVa Mo

Nifedipine, Cyclosporine, Phenytoin, Verapamil

Question 11

Drug class & MOA of Nifedipine

Answer 11

Dihydropyridine CCB

Blocks voltage-gated L-type Ca channels (Vascular> Cardiac)

Question 12

Why are patients with DM nephropathy treated with ACEi

Answer 12

dec albumin excretion and slow progression from micro -> macroalbuminuria

Question 13

Why do patients taking angiotensin antagonists develop hyperk?

Answer 13

reduced aldosterone levels -> K retention

Question 14

Effects of electrolyte imbalance on ECG:

K, Ca

Answer 14

HyperK: peaked T waves
HypoK: T wave inversion

HyperCa: dec PR interval
HypoCa: inc PR interval

Question 15

Which portion of the ETC is affected by cyanide?

Answer 15

Complex IV (cytochrome oxidase)

Question 16

What is the antidote for cyanide poisoning?

Answer 16

Lilly cyanide kit: inhaled amyl nitrite + IV sodium nitrite + IV Na thiosulfate

Question 17

DOC for Prinzmental angina

Answer 17

Dlitiazem

Question 18

Most common ECG change in Digoxin toxicity is

Answer 18

premature ventricular function

Question 19

Mnemonics: Drugs that have narrow therapeutic index

Answer 19

WALA na Cyang Papa! VasTED na!

Warfarin
Aminoglycosides
Lithium
Amphotericin B

Phenobarbital
Phenytoin

Vancomycin
Theophylline
Digoxin

Question 20

What drugs have been shown to improve survival in cases of heart failure?

Answer 20

ABA! Buhay ka pa!

ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Aldosterone antagonists

Question 21

MOA of Sacubitril

Answer 21

inhibits the enzyme Neprilysin (responsible for degradation of ANP/BNP), and bradykinin

Question 22

What are the effects of class I antiarrhythmics on action potential duration

Answer 22

Class IA: prolongs AP duration
Class IB: shortens AP duration
Class IC: no effect on AP duration

Question 23

Mnemonics: Class IA Antiarrhythmics

Answer 23

I am the QUEEN who PROclaimed DISO’s pyramid

Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide

Question 24

Treatment of class IA overdose

Answer 24

Sodium lactate and pressor sympathomimetics

Question 25

DOC for ventricular arrhytmias post MI

Answer 25

Lidocaine

Question 26

Mnemonics: Class IB Antiarrhythmics

Answer 26

I buy MEXIcan Tacos from Liliy Mexiletine, Tocainide, Lidocaine

Question 27

Mnemonics: Drugs that cause agranulocytosis

Answer 27

Agranulocytosis! CCCAPPIT Me! ``` Clozapine, Co-trimoxazole, Colchicine Aminopyrine Phenylbutazone, PTU Indomethacin Tocainide Methimazole ```

Question 28

Mnemonics: Class 1C Antiarrhythmics

Answer 28

Chicken ay Pagkain for Enrico 1C: Propafenone, Flecainide, Encainide 1C is contraindicated post MI

Question 29

Nonselective B blockers

Answer 29

Propranolol, Timolol

Question 30

Beta-1 selective B blockers

Answer 30

Acebutolol, Betaxolol, Esmolol, Atenolol, Metoprolol

Question 31

Partial agonists B blocker

Answer 31

Pindolol, Acebutolol

Question 32

B blockers lacking anesthetic effect

Answer 32

Timolol

Question 33

B blocker with low lipid solubility

Answer 33

Atenolol

Question 34

Mnemonics: Class 3 antiarrhythmics

Answer 34

AIDS Amiodarone, Ibutilide, Dofetilide, Sotalol

Question 35

Mnemonics: Amiodarone Toxicity

Answer 35

PPT TCS Pulmonary fibrosis, Paresthesia, Tremors, Thyroid dysfunction, Corneal deposits, Skin deposits

Question 36

Why are dihydropyrine CCBs not useful as antiarrhythmics?

Answer 36

evokes compensatory sympathetic discharge which facilitates arrhythmias rather than terminating them

Question 37

DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

Answer 37

Adenosine

Question 38

Mnemonics: K+ sparing diuretics

Answer 38

The K STAEs (stays) with K sparing diuretics Spironolactone, Triamterene, Amiloride, Eplerenone

Question 39

Mnemonics: Which drugs can cause gynecomastia?

Answer 39

Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers Spironolactone, Digoxin, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole

Question 40

Mnemonics: Bile acid binding resins | *you should not give ti people with high TGs

Answer 40

Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam

Question 41

Mnemonics: Drugs that cause flushing?

Answer 41

VANC Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, CCB

Question 42

DOC for Hypertriglyceridemia

Answer 42

Gemfibrozil

Question 43

Mnemonics for Fibrates MOA

Answer 43

FULL Fibrates upregulate Lipoprotein lipase