CW (Cell wall) in eukaryotes Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the primary component of the fungal cell wall?
Chitin (made of N-acetylglucosamine [NAG])
Which polymer makes up the bacterial cell wall?
Peptidoglycan (a type of polysaccharide)
List the major components of the plant cell wall.
Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and proteins
What type of saccharide is peptidoglycan, and where is it found?
Peptidoglycan is a polysaccharide found in the bacterial cell wall, providing structural integrity.
Which cell wall contains galactans and mannans?
Algal cell walls contain galactans and mannans.
What is the role of hemicellulose in plant cell walls?
Hemicellulose helps link cellulose fibers, providing flexibility to the plant cell wall.
Differentiate between chitin and cellulose in terms of their biological roles.
Chitin (fungal cell walls) is a nitrogen-containing polymer, while cellulose (plant and algal cell walls) is purely a carbohydrate polymer.
Which cell wall type contains minerals in its composition?
The algal cell wall contains minerals in its composition.
Explain the significance of proteins in the plant cell wall.
Proteins help in the structural reinforcement and signaling within the plant cell wall.
Compare the structural functions of peptidoglycan in bacteria and chitin in fungi.
Peptidoglycan forms a rigid protective layer in bacteria, while chitin provides mechanical strength and protection for fungal cells.
Which type of cell wall is capable of growth due to its elasticity?
Primary cell wall
Secondary cell wall
Middle lamella
Plasma membrane
Primary cell wall
What happens to the primary cell wall as the cell gets older?
It thickens
It diminishes
It becomes multilayered
It becomes rigid
It diminishes
In which types of cells is the primary cell wall commonly seen?
Sclerenchyma cells and xylem cells
Meristematic cells and parenchyma cells
Phloem cells and epidermal cells
Collenchyma cells and guard cells
Meristematic cells and parenchyma cells
Which type of cell wall provides mechanical support and contains lignin?
Primary cell wall
Secondary cell wall
Middle lamella
Plasma membrane
Secondary cell wall
What is a characteristic feature of the secondary cell wall?
It is unilayered
It is elastic
It is thick and rigid
It diminishes with age
It is thick and rigid
What is the structure called where the secondary cell wall is absent, leading to uneven thickness?
Plasmodesmata
Pits
Desmosomes
Middle lamella
Pits
What is the structure formed by the fusion of two cell membranes, which is a living component and aids in transportation?
Pits
Plasmodesmata
Desmosomes
Middle lamella
Plasmodesmata
Which structure is found only in animals?
Pits
Plasmodesmata
Desmosomes
Middle lamella
Desmosomes
What is the middle lamella made up of?
Calcium and magnesium pectate layers
Lignin and suberin
Cellulose and hemicellulose
Proteins & lipids
Calcium and magnesium pectate layers
z
What is the function of the middle lamella in plant cells?
Provides mechanical support
Facilitates cell-to-cell adhesion
Aids in transportation
Prevents water loss
Facilitates cell-to-cell adhesion
