Cwi Definitions Flashcards
(188 cards)
1
Q
API 1104
A
Api standard for welding pipeline
2
Q
ACGIH
A
American conference of government and industrial hygienist. Hazardous material levels
3
Q
ANSI
A
American national standards institute. Technical and safety standards
4
Q
ANSI Z49.1
A
Safety in welding, cutting, and allied processes, document outlining safe practices for welding and cutting operations
5
Q
ANSI Z87.1
A
Practice for occupational and educational Eye and face protection
6
Q
Asphyxiation
A
Loss of consciousness due to too little oxy or too high c02 in blood
7
Q
ASME
A
American society of mech engineers
8
Q
ASNT
A
Amer society of NDT
9
Q
AWS A3.0
A
AWS standard welding terms and definitions
10
Q
AWS d1.1
A
AWS welding code
11
Q
AWS d1.5
A
AWS bridge welding code
12
Q
AWS D15.1
A
AWS railroad welding spec cars and locomotives
13
Q
AWS QC1
A
AWS standard for certification of welding inspectors
14
Q
KASH
A
Knowledge attitude skills habits
15
Q
SNT-TC-1A
A
ASNT CERT PROGRAM FOR NDT TECHS
16
Q
Fume plume
A
Smoke close cause from welding, containing solid particles from molten metal
17
Q
Hot work permit
A
For designed to ensure safety precautions have been considered prior to any operation with heat or open flame
18
Q
Lock, tag, try
A
Locking out of equipment, tagging for identification, and trying equipment to make sure it’s not operational prior to repair
19
Q
MSDS
A
Material safety data sheet. Document that identifies hazardous material in materials that have toxic properties
20
Q
OSHA
A
Occupational safety and health act. Law that outlines requirement for safety in the workplace
21
Q
Pinch points
A
Equipment geometry that can lead to pinching parts of the body
22
Q
TLV
A
Threshold limit value. Permissible levels of exposure limits for hazardous materials.
23
Q
AC
A
Alternating current. 60 cycles per second in USA
24
Q
Alloy
A
Substance with metallic property, composed of two or more elements, with at least one metal
25
Ampere
Unit for measuring strength of electric current
26
Arc blow
Deflection of welding arc from normal path due to magnetic forces
27
Arc length
Distance from tip of the welding electrode to the surface of the welding pool
28
Brazing
Using a filler metal with a melting point above 840*f
29
Capillary action
In welding, force by which a liquid in contact with a solid is distributed between the faying surfaces of the joint to be brazed/soldered
30
Carburizing
In welding, term denoting the addition of carbon into the surfaces of hot metals through a solid solution mechanism. May occur during air carbon arc cutting
31
Coalescence
Joining together two or more surfaces
32
Code
Document adopted by city, state, etc and having legal status
33
DC
Direct current: constant electric polarity
34
DCEN
Direct current electrode negative: straight polarity
35
DCEP
Direct current electrode positive: reverse polarity
36
Diacontinuity
Any interruption of typical structure of a material: not necessarily a defect
37
Drag
In OFC AND PAC the amount of offset between cut entry and exit points, measured along cut edge
38
Electrode
Component of electrical circuit that terminates at the arc, molten conductive slag, or base metal
39
Faying surface
Mating surface of a member that is to be joined to another member
40
Ferrous
Metal that is primarily iron based, such as steel
41
Filler metal
Metal or alloy added in making a weld, brazed, or soldered joint
42
Flux
Material used to hinder the formation of oxides and other undesirable substances in molten metal and on solid metal surfaces l, and to dissolve or otherwise facilitate the removal of such substances
43
Inclusion
Entrapped foreign solid material: slag, flux, tungsten, or oxides
44
Incomplete fusion
Weld discontinuity in which fusion did not occur between weld metal and fusion faces or adjoining weld beads
45
Incomplete joint penetration
Joint root condition in a groove weld in which weld metal does not extend through the joint thickness
46
Inert gas
Gas that does not combine chemically with other materials. Argon and helium used in welding
47
Kerf
Width of cut produced during cutting process
48
Keyhole welding
Procedure that places a hole completely through workpiece. As weld progresses metal flows behind keyhole to form weld
49
Nonferrous
Refers to allows other than iron based. Coppe, nickel, aluminum
50
Orifice
In welding, a small opening, that AIDS in controlling or constricting the flow of material
51
Porosity
Cavity type discontinuities formed by gas entrapment during solidification
52
Progression
Term in welding applied to direction of vertical welding, uphill or downhill
53
Reactive gas
Gas that will combine chemically with other materials
54
Shielding
Protection from contamination
55
Slag
Nonmetallic product resulting from mutual dissolution of flux and nonmetallic impurities in some welding and brazing processes
56
Soldering
Joining materials with a filler metal at or below 840*f
57
Splatter
Metal particles expelled during fusion welding that do not form part of the weld
58
Tensile strength
In psi. Calculated by diving max load by cross sectional area. SI units MPa
59
Undercut
Groove melted into base metal adjacent to weld toe or root, and left unfilled by filler metal
60
Voltage
Electromotive force. Difference in electric potential, expressed in volts
61
Weld
Localized coalescence of metals or nonmetals produced by hearing the material to welding temperatures, with or without application of pressure, or application of pressure alone, and with or without filler metal
62
Actual throat
Shortest distance between weld root and face of fillet weld
63
Back weld
Weld made at back of a single groove welded joint after completion of the groove weld
64
Backing weld
Backing in form of a weld, made before the primary weld
65
Arc strike
Discontinuity resulting from an arc, consisting of any localized remelted metal, heat affected metal, or change change of the surface profile of any metal
66
Collet
A part of a welding torch forming a shroud
67
Back step sequence
Longitudinal sequence in which weld passes are made in direction opposite to the progression of welding
68
Bevel angle
Angle between bevel of a joint member and a plane perp to the surface of the member. Dimension equals one half the groove.
69
Block sequence
Combined longitudinal and cross sectional sequence for a continuous multiple pass weld in which separate increments are completely of partially welded before intervening increments are welded
70
Boxing
Continuation of a fillet weld around a corner
71
Buildup
Surfacing variation in which surfacing material is deposited to achieve required dimension
72
Buttering
Surfacing variation that deposits surfacing metal on one or more surfaces to provide metallurgic compatible weld metal for subsequent completion of welds
73
Butting member
Joint that is prevent by other member from moving in one direction perp to its thickness
74
Cascade sequence
Combine long and cross sectional sequences in which weld passes are made in overlapping layers
75
Cladding
Surfacing variation that deposit or applies surfacing material to improve corrosion of heat resistance
76
Complete joint penetration
Joint root condition in groove weld in which weld metal extends completely through joint thickness
77
Concavity
Max distance from face of concave fillet weld perpendicular to line joining weld toes
78
Convexity
Max distance from fave of convex weld to perp line joining weld toes
79
Depth of bevel
Perp distance from base metal surface to root edge or beginning of root gave
80
Depth of fusion
Distance that fusion extends into base metal
81
Effective throat
Minimum distance minus any Convexity between weld root and face of fillet weld
82
Fave reinforcement
Weld reinforcement on side of joint from which welding was done
83
Fillet weld
Weld of approximately triangular cross section joining to surfaces at approximately right angles
84
Fillet weld leg
Distance from joint root to toe of fillet
85
Fusion
Melting together of base and filler metal or only base metal to produce weld
86
Fusion face
Surface of base metal that will be melted during welding
87
Groove angle
Total included angle of groove between workpieces
88
Groove face
Surface of hint member included in the groove
89
Groove radius
Radius used to form the shape of j or u groove
90
Hard facing
Surfacing variation in which material is deposited to reduce wear
91
Joint
Edges of members to be joined or have been joined
92
Joint design
Shape, dimensions, ad configuration of joint
93
Joint geometry
Shape and dimensions of joint in cross section prior to welding
94
Joint penetration
Distance weld metal extends from weld face into joint. Exclusive of reinforcement
95
Joint root
Portion of joint where member approach closest to each other.
96
Weld type
Butt, corner, edge, t, lap joint
97
Nonbutting member
Joint member that is free to move in any direction perp to its thickness
98
Projection weld
Type of weld associated with resistance welding process that produces weld by heat obtained from resistance to the flow of the welding current
99
Root edge
Root face of zero width
100
Root face
Portion of groove face within the joint root "land"
101
Root opening
Separation at joint root between two pieces
102
Root penetration.
Distance weld metal extends into the joint root
103
Root reinforcement
Weld reinforcement opposite the side welding was done
104
Scarf weld
Type of groove weld associated with brazing in which mating members of joint have single bevel edge shapes
105
Seam weld
Continuous weld made between or upon overlapping members in which coalescence may start and occur on the faying surfaces. Continuous weld may consist of. Single weld bead or series of overlapping spot welds
106
Slot weld
Weld made in elongated hole in one member of a joint fusing two members together.
107
Splice member
Workpiece that spans the joint in a spliced joint
108
Spot weld
Weld made between or upon overlapping members in which coalescence may occur on the faying surface or proceed from outer surface of one member.
109
Stringer bead
Weld bead made without weaving motion.
110
Stud weld
Weld associated with joining metal stud to work piece. Made using arc, resistance, friction or other process with or without gas.
111
Surfacing weld
Weld applied to surface to obtain desired properties or dimensions
112
Theoretical throat
Distance from beginning of joint root perp to hypotenuse of largest right triangle that can be made inside fillet weld.
113
Weave bead
Weld bead made with transverse oscillation
114
Weld bead
Weld resulting from a pass
115
Weld face
Exposed surface of a weld onside from which welding was done
116
Weld groove
Opening in member or members that provides space for a weld
117
Weld interface
Interface between weld metal and base metal in fusion weld, between base metals in a solid state weld without filler metal, or between base metal and filler metal in sold state weld
118
Weld layer
Single layer of weld within multi pass.
119
Weld pass
Single progression of welding along a joint
120
Weld reinforcement
Weld metal in excess that that required to fill joint
121
Weld root
Points shown in cross section at which root surface intersects with base metal surface
122
Weld toe
Junction of weld face and base metal
123
API
American petroleum institute
124
Camber
Permissible variation from straightness is girders or beams
125
Code
Body of laws, arranged systematically for for easy reference
126
Essential variables
Variables that if changed beyond certain limits require to welding process to be prepared and qualified
127
Heat number
Number assigned to each heat of steal by the manufacturing source
128
Hold point
Specific, prearranged step in fabrication process where fab is stopped to permit an intermin inspection. Fab can begin again only when inspection show part meets quality requirements
129
ISO
International organization of standardization
130
MTC
Mill/material test cert
131
MTR
Material/mill test report
132
PQR
Procedure qualification record
133
Standard
Something established for USe as a rule or basis of comparison in measuring capacity, quantity, quality etc
134
Specification
Detailed description of parts of a whole. Statement of particulars as to actual or required size, quality etc
135
Traceability
Attribute of materials control system which permits tracing any part of material used in fab back to source and certifying documents
136
UNS
Unified numbering system
137
WPS
Welding procedure specification
138
WPQ WOPQ WPQR
Welder performance qualification
Welding operator performance qualification
Welding procedure qualification record
139
Alloy
Mixture of elements creating a metal. Steel an alloy of iron and carbon
140
Annealed
Heat treat condition of metals exhibiting minimum strength and hardness
141
Austenite
Metal phase found in steels at elevated temp and stainless at room temp
142
Austenitic
Term applied to group of stainless steels whose room temp stable phase is Austenite
143
Brinell
Type of macrohardness test, largest area of 3 hardness tests. Tensile strength found my multiplying BHN by 500. BHN determined by measuring size of indentation
144
Brittle
Behavior of metals that break without deformation. Material with little or no ductility
145
Charpy (v notch)
Type of impact test. V carefully machined into it. Cooled to prescribed temp. Testing machine consists of pendulum with a striker head. Used to measure amount of energy absorbed during fracture.
146
Cold work
Permanent deformation of metal below its transformation temp
147
Density
Ratio of mass per volume. Metal is grams/cm^3
148
Discontinuity
Interruption of normal pattern of metal. Porosity, incomplete fusion, and slag. Reject able discontinuity = defect
149
Ductile
Ability of metal to deform under Load without breaking
150
Elastic behavior
Deformation of metal under load without permanent deformation. When Load removed metal returns to normal shape
151
Elongation
Stretch of material, either elastic or plastic. Percent elongation is measure of metals ductility
152
Fatigue strength
Relative Ability of metal to withstand cyclic loading, as in stress reversal
153
Ferrite/ ferritic
Group of stainless steels who's room temp stable phase is ferrite
154
Hardness
Ability to resist indentation or penetration
155
HAZ
Heat affected zone. Zone of base metal not Melted during welding but undergoing metallurgic changes
156
Impact strength
Relative ability of metal to absorb an impact load
157
Knoop
Type of micro hardness test. Diamond indenter with long and short dimensions. Load of 1-1000grams
158
Martensite
Phase in steels which forms on rapid cooling or quenching
159
Modulus of elasticity
Ratio between stress applied and the resulting elastic strain. Slope of a metals elastic limit curve. Relative measure of materials stiffness
Young's modulus
160
Notch toughness
Ability of a metal to absorb energy without failure when Surface notches are present
161
Plastic behavior
Permanent deformation of a metal under applied load. Metal does not return to original shape after load removed
162
Post heating
Heating of completed weld and base metal after welding
163
Precipitation hardening
Term applied to alloys which are hardened by formation of a hardening precipitate on heat treatment. Group of stainless steels
164
Preheating
Heating of base/filler metal prior to welding
165
Quenching
Cooling very rapidly from an elevated temp. Method of increasing hardness of heat treatable steels
166
Rolling direction
Longitudinal direction of rolling in metal manufacturing. Same direction as rolling
167
Slag inclusion
Discontinuity in metals, usually non metallic such as oxide or sulfide
168
S-n curve
Number of cycles and allied stress levels to cause failure of metal samples
169
Soundness
Metal testing, reference to freedom from imperfections. Include bend, nick break and fillet break
170
Stainless steel
Alloy containing 12% chromium or greater
171
Stress riser
Any surface blemish or geometry that increases applied stress at particular point on component. Weld ripples, surface scratches. Etc
172
Stress relief
Controlled heat treatment that relieves residual stress in metals
173
Tempering
Heat treatment, usually of quenched steel, that reduces hardness and restores ductility and toughness
174
Transition temp
In impact testing, temp at with metal fracture changes from ductile to brittle
175
Toughness
Ability of a metal to absorb slowly applied energy
176
Ultimate tensile strength
Max Load carrying Capacity of a material
177
Vickers
Type of micro hardness test that use diamond indenter
178
Weldability
Capacity of material to be welded under the imposed fabrication conditions into a specific structure and to perform satisfactory
179
Yield strength
Load at which a material will begin to yield or permanently deform. Also called yield point
180
Deoxidizers
Elements or compounds which preferentially combine with oxygen to keep it from reacting with heated base or weld metal
181
Duplex
Type of stainless fainting 50/50 ferrite and Austenite
182
Nitriding
Case hardening process which introduces nitrogen into the surface of ferrous material at elevated temps in presence or ammonia or nitrogen
183
Normalizing
Heat treatment by which steal heated into Austenite range and air cooled
184
Pear lite
Layer or lamellar structure composed of ferrite and cementite
185
Postheat
Thermal treatment given to weldment after welding
186
Quenching
Very rapid cooling from elevated temps
187
Residual stress
Stress remaining immediately after welding or forming operation
188
AWS A2.4
Welding symbols
