cysts

Question 1

“What is the general definition of a cyst?”==

Answer 1

A cyst is a pathologic cavity containing fluid, semifluid, or gas, often lined by epithelium.

Question 2

“What is the 1966 definition of a cyst by Killey and Key?”==

Answer 2

Killey and Key defined a cyst as an epithelium-lined sac filled with fluid, semifluid, or gas.

Question 3

“According to Kramer in 1974, what qualifies a cyst?”==

Answer 3

Kramer described a cyst as a cavity with fluid or gas, not always lined by epithelium.

Question 4

“What are the three basic components of a cyst?”==

Answer 4

A cyst has a central cavity (lumen), an epithelial lining, and a connective tissue wall.

Question 5

“What does the lumen of a cyst contain?”==

Answer 5

The lumen can contain fluid or semisolid materials, such as cellular debris or keratin.

Question 6

“What tissue type forms the lining of most cysts?”==

Answer 6

Epithelium forms the lining of most cysts.

Question 7

“What structure provides the outer boundary of a cyst?”==

Answer 7

The connective tissue wall, or capsule, forms the cyst’s outer boundary.

Question 8

“How can cysts affect surrounding tissue structures?”==

Answer 8

Cysts can displace structures, cause resorption or delayed tooth eruption, and weaken bone.

Question 9

“What happens when a cyst becomes infected?”==

Answer 9

Infection can lead to symptoms like facial cellulitis or osteomyelitis.

Question 10

“How do cysts cause tissue displacement?”==

Answer 10

Cysts expand, pushing aside normal functional structures.

Question 11

“Name one possible impact of cysts on teeth.”==

Answer 11

Cysts can delay tooth eruption or cause root resorption.

Question 12

“What are some signs of a large, infected cyst?”==

Answer 12

Pain, swelling, and discharge are common signs.

Question 13

“What is the initial stage in cyst formation?”==

Answer 13

Inflammatory mediators initiate cyst formation.

Question 14

“What role does genetic loss play in cyst formation?”==

Answer 14

Genetic loss of immunological surveillance can lead to cyst formation.

Question 15

“How does low oxygen tension contribute to cyst formation?”==

Answer 15

It creates a favorable local environment for cyst development.

Question 16

“What is the process of cyst enlargement or expansion?”==

Answer 16

Cyst enlargement occurs through fluid retention, raised pressure, and bone resorption.

Question 17

“What is the role of hydrostatic pressure in cyst growth?”==

Answer 17

Hydrostatic pressure from fluid retention enlarges the cyst cavity.

Question 18

“What is ‘mural growth’ in cyst enlargement?”==

Answer 18

Mural growth involves peripheral cell division of the lining in response to irritants.

Question 19

“How do goblet cells contribute to cyst growth?”==

Answer 19

Goblet cells secrete fluid that increases cystic pressure, aiding enlargement.

Question 20

“What is the osmotic theory in cyst enlargement?”==

Answer 20

The osmotic theory suggests dialysis, where fluid accumulates due to osmotic pressure.

Question 21

“What substance in cyst tissue can lead to bone resorption?”==

Answer 21

Prostaglandins like PGE2 and PGE3 act as bone-resorbing factors.

Question 22

“What type of cyst is commonly painless and slow-growing?”==

Answer 22

Most cysts, unless infected or large, are asymptomatic.

Question 23

“How does a cyst cause paraesthesia?”==

Answer 23

Large mandibular cysts press on nerves, leading to temporary paraesthesia.

Question 24

“What is a typical symptom of a non-infected cyst?”==

Answer 24

Non-infected cysts are often painless.

Question 25

"What is a common radiographic finding for a radicular cyst?"==

Answer 25

A well-defined radiolucent area around the tooth root apex.

Question 26

"What are the three main types of radicular cysts?"==

Answer 26

Apical, lateral, and residual cysts are the main types of radicular cysts.

Question 27

"How do inflammatory collateral cysts differ from other cysts?"==

Answer 27

They result from inflammation near the root bifurcation area.

Question 28

"What are the common locations for dentigerous cysts?"==

Answer 28

They are often found around unerupted teeth, especially third molars and canines.

Question 29

"What is the usual radiographic appearance of a dentigerous cyst?"==

Answer 29

A well-defined unilocular radiolucency surrounding the crown of an impacted tooth.

Question 30

"How can a large dentigerous cyst impact facial symmetry?"==

Answer 30

It can cause facial asymmetry due to bony expansion.

Question 31

"What is a key histological feature of an odontogenic keratocyst?"==

Answer 31

The presence of a keratinized epithelial lining.

Question 32

"What is the primary treatment for an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)?"==

Answer 32

Enucleation and mechanical curettage, often followed by chemical cauterization.

Question 33

"What feature distinguishes an aneurysmal bone cyst radiographically?"==

Answer 33

A multilocular radiolucency that can appear in the mandible.

Question 34

"How is a traumatic bone cyst typically treated?"==

Answer 34

By surgical exploration and curettage to induce bleeding for healing.

Question 35

"What is a nasopalatine duct cyst?"==

Answer 35

A non-odontogenic cyst located in the midline of the maxilla near the incisive canal.

Question 36

"What does the composition of a calcifying odontogenic cyst include?"==

Answer 36

It may contain ghost cells and calcified material within its epithelium.

Question 37

"What is the typical location for a nasolabial cyst?"==

Answer 37

It is found in the nasolabial fold near the maxillary canine area.

Question 38

"What is the primary content of a globulomaxillary cyst?"==

Answer 38

This cyst contains mucoid fluid and arises in the upper jaw.

Question 39

"What causes an aneurysmal bone cyst?"==

Answer 39

Aneurysmal bone cysts may follow trauma and involve rapid expansion.

Question 40

"What are the clinical signs of a traumatic bone cyst?"==

Answer 40

It is asymptomatic but may cause mild swelling in the mandibular molar area.

Question 41

"What radiographic appearance is typical of a traumatic bone cyst?"==

Answer 41

A well-defined radiolucency with a scalloped border between roots.

Question 42

"What is a 'latent bone cyst'?"==

Answer 42

A developmental condition where the submandibular gland develops within a bone cavity.

Question 43

"Where is a latent bone cyst usually located?"==

Answer 43

It is typically found in the lingual surface of the mandible.

Question 44

"What is a surgical method for cyst treatment known as marsupialization?"==

Answer 44

It involves creating a surgical opening to reduce cystic pressure.

Question 45

"Why is marsupialization beneficial in certain cases?"==

Answer 45

It preserves structures and reduces risks of fracture and paresthesia.

Question 46

"What is a disadvantage of marsupialization?"==

Answer 46

It may leave pathological tissue behind, slowing healing.

Question 47

"What are indications for using marsupialization over other treatments?"==

Answer 47

It is chosen for large or infected cysts or when surgery risks vital structures.

Question 48

"Describe the enucleation technique for cyst treatment."==

Answer 48

It involves complete removal of the cyst and closure of the wound edges.

Question 49

"What are the risks associated with enucleation?"==

Answer 49

Risks include injury to neurovascular structures and potential fractures.

Question 50

"When is enucleation preferred over marsupialization?"==

Answer 50

It is preferred when cysts can be removed without sacrificing vital structures.

Question 51

"What is the purpose of enucleation with curettage?"==

Answer 51

To remove a thin layer of bone around the cyst cavity, reducing recurrence.

Question 52

"What type of cyst typically requires enucleation with curettage?"==

Answer 52

Odontogenic keratocysts, due to their high recurrence rate.

Question 53

"What is a common material used in enucleation with cavity obliteration?"==

Answer 53

Bioglass or bone grafts are used to fill large cystic cavities.

Question 54

"What is an advantage of using obliteration materials in cyst treatment?"==

Answer 54

They maintain bone contour and support faster healing.

Question 55

"What is the role of a cyst plug in marsupialization?"==

Answer 55

It helps keep the opening patent and reduces contamination.

Question 56

"What must be considered when creating a cyst plug?"==

Answer 56

It should be retentive, shallow enough for healing, and easy to remove.

Question 57

"What is the combination technique in cyst treatment?"==

Answer 57

It combines marsupialization with later enucleation for full removal.

Question 58

"Why would a combination technique be used in cyst treatment?"==

Answer 58

It preserves bone while allowing gradual cyst removal.

Question 59

"What is the preferred treatment for a dentigerous cyst in children?"==

Answer 59

Marsupialization, to allow preservation of impacted teeth.

Question 60

"What are common complications of untreated cysts?"==

Answer 60

They may cause bone destruction, disfigurement, infection, or nerve impairment.