Cytology

Question 1

Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic

Answer 1

E: membrane bound organelles
P: no membrane bound organelles

Question 2

Plasma Membrane consists of:

Answer 2

Lipid bilayer, proteins, transport proteins and ion channels
Small Hydrophobic Molecules CO2
& 02- pass direct
Large Hydrophilic Molecules H20 & Ions- others ways to get into the cell

Question 3

Cell Cycle:
-Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase

Answer 3

P: nuclear envelope dissolves, chromatin condense-chromosomes
-mitotic spindle apparatus begins to form
M: chromosome line up at plate
- each chromatid has a kinetochore that microtubules of spindle apparatus attach to
A: separation of chromatids to opp poles
- shortest stage, entire cell elongates
T: nuclear envelope reforms
- cytokinesis “ division of cytoplasm” occurs
-cleavage furrow will pinch cell into 2

Question 4

Centrosome, Spindle Fibers, and Centrioles

Answer 4

C: a small organelle found in eukaryotic cells, in which functions as a microtubule organizing center
S: microtubules that separates the chromosomes into 2 daughter cells
Centrio: cylindrical organelles found in eukaryotic cells that are involved in the organization of cell division

Question 5

Stages of Mitosis:
-Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
-Cytokinesis

Answer 5

P: chromatin the nucleus condenses into visible chromosomes
M: chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
A: sister chromatids of each replicated chromosome separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell
T: chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell, and the nuclear envelope begins to reform around each set of chromosomes
C: cell divides into 2 daughter cells