D&M Upper GI Flashcards
(9 cards)
1
Q
Symptoms of Dyspepsia - 6
A
- Heartburn/reflux/discomfort/pain
- Vague abdominal discomfort
- Nausea/vomiting
- Early satiety
- Bloating/Flatulence/Belching
- Pain, ranging from after eating to several hrs after eating
2
Q
Dyspepsia referral symptoms - 13
A
- Anaemia (GI bleeding)
- Loss of weight
- Anorexia (loss of appetite)
- Recent onset of progressive & recurrent symptoms (including change of bowel habit)
- Melena (blood in stools)
- Abdominal mass
- Abdominal pain with weight loss
- Back pain with weight loss
- Jaundice
- Referred pain – possibly cardiac symptoms
- Treatment failure
- Symptoms with medicines
- Symptoms outside of your area of competence
3
Q
Dyspepsia lifestyle advice – 7
A
- Identification of the cause (including any medicines that might be causing the symptoms)
- Consider stress, anxiety & depression if appropriate
- Avoid heavy & late meals
- Smoking
- Weight loss
- Limit Alcohol & caffeine intake
- Posture
4
Q
Dyspepsia treatment - 3
A
- Antacids e.g Rennies
- Alginates e.g. Gaviscon
- PPIs e.g. Zanprol
5
Q
Nausea & vomiting referral symptoms – 7
A
- Severe abdominal pain
- Dehydration
- Blood in vomit
- Duration/recurrent symptoms
- Recent foreign travel
- Pregnancy, especially if hyperemesis is suspected
- Any symptoms outside of your area of competency
6
Q
Nausea & vomiting treatment – 3
A
- Buccal Prochlorperazine
- Anti-histamines for travel sickness, (e.g. cinnarizine, meclizine)
- Hyoscine
7
Q
Anti-emetics OTC – 3
A
- Very limited choice OTC, cause must be known
- 1st generation antihistamines e.g. Cinnarizine (Stugeron), Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Anti-cholinergics: Hyoscine – (Kwells)
8
Q
Mouth Ulcer referral symptoms - 4
A
- A single lesion lasting longer than 3 weeks
- Larger than 1cm, In crops of 5-10 or more
- Painless ulcers
- Multiple site involvement – Behcet disease
9
Q
Mouth Ulcer Treatment - 4
A
- Antibacterials (e.g. chlorhexidine mouthwash)
- Analgesic (e.g. choline salicylate) - Over 16’s only.
- Lidocaine & benzocaine products available for <16’s
- Local corticosteroid – hydrocortisone buccal tablets - over 12’s only