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dermatology > D1 > Flashcards

D1 Flashcards

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1
Q

<p>the major cause of pediatric burn?</p>

A

<p>scaled injury</p>

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2
Q

<p>characteristics of scaled burn-in child abuse?</p>

A

<p>mainly due to immersion to hot liquid
Clear demarcation with no splash mark
Involvement of back, buttock, and leg
sparing of the flexural part(ankle, knee, and hip flexure)
lesion inconsistent with the history
Delay in presentation
Uniform burn degree especially in case of severe burn</p>

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3
Q

<p>what action should be taken?</p>

A

<p>contact with childhood protective service immediately</p>

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4
Q

<p>unentational burn caracter?</p>

A 
<p>Mainly spillage from upper
Proximal upper extremity, face, and proximal trunk
Presence of splash mark
non-uniform burn depth
asymmetric lesion</p>
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5
Q

epidemiology of tinea capitis

A

transmitted by direct contact or fomite

dermatophyte(Trichophyton and microsporidium)

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6
Q

CM?

A

scaly, erythematous skin lesion with hair loss
+-black dote on the site of lesion
+- Tender LDP
scaring and pruritis may be there

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7
Q

managment?

A

oral grisofulvin/terbinafin

treat contact with selinium selfide or ketokonazol shampo

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8
Q

alopecia areata?

A

Due to autoimmune
Clear area of hair loss w/o scaling
Discoid rash

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9
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis?

A

scaley, oily erythematous rash(dandruff)
around the hairline, ears, or nose; or in the center of the chest or back.
High risk of hair breaking

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10
Q

keratosis pilaris?

A

Characterized by retained hair b/n the hair follicle
Small painless papules
rough skin texture
mottled perifollicular erythema
exacerbated by dry and cold weather
commonly affect the posterior surface of the upper arm

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11
Q

Treatment when necessary?

A

use when necessary
emollient
topical keratolytic(salicylate, uric acid)

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12
Q

Pathogenesis of henock-schonlein purpura pathogenesis?

A

IgA mediated leukocytoclastic vasculitis

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13
Q

CM?

A

Triads(Palpable purpura,Arthritis/Arthralgia
and Abdominal pain,intususuption)
A renal disease similar to IgA nephropathy

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14
Q

Laboratory?

A

Normal platelet
Normal coagulation
Nephritic syndrome sign

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15
Q

Managment?

A

suportiv(RHD and NSAID)

IV glucocorticoid in sever case

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16
Q

Infectious complications of atopic dermatitis?

A

Impetigo
Eczema herpeticum
Molluscum Contagiousum
Tinea corporis

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17
Q

Impetigo CXS?

A

S.A and S.P(can progress to cellulitis and abscess)
Painful
nonpruritic
Hoony crust lesion

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18
Q

Eczema herpeticum CXS?

A 
HSV
Painful
Vesicular
Punched out
hemorrhagic crusting
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19
Q

Molluscum Contagiousum CXS?

A

PV

Flesh-colored papule with central umbilication

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20
Q

Tinea corporis CXS?

A 
trichophyton rubrum
Pruritic
erythematous
Central clearing
raised and erythematous border
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21
Q

Eczema herpeticum treatment?

A

acyclovir indicated in children

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22
Q

Atopic dermatitis presentation?

A

In young children
Dry, scaly, and erythematous lesion in chicks and extensor surface
In older children
Dry, thickened skin in antecubital fossa and popliteal area

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23
Q

Tinea pedis etiology?

A

Trichopytone(MCC;TP.rubrum)

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24
Q

CM?

A

Acute: Pruritic, burning pain erythematous vesicle/bulla
Chronic: erythematous, pruritic, Interdigital scale/fissure with an extension around.

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25
treatment?
Topical antifungal Azoles(miconazol)/terbinafine Systemic(fluconazole, terbinafine) in severe case: for the patient did not respond to topical Keep feet dry
26
What about scabies
Papule,pustule and burrow | treat with permethrin
27
effect of UV exposure?
Sunburn Photoaging Skin cancer
28
Sunburn symptom?
Changes in skin tone, such as pinkness or redness. Skin that feels warm or hot to the touch. Pain and tenderness. Swelling. Small fluid-filled blisters, which may break. Headache, fever, nausea, and fatigue, if the sunburn is severe. Eyes that feel painful or gritty.
29
prevention?
exposure sunscreen clothing
30
exposure reduction?
Avoid all if you can Avoid age < 6 mont Avoid exposure 10:AM to 4:PM
31
sunscreen?
Use SS cream protecting power 30-50 15-30 min before exposure reapply every 2 hours and after swimming
32
Clothing?
Long sleeves Broad hat Dark color Tight weav
33
Alopecia areata pathogenesis?
Genetic predisposition | Autoimmune hair bulb distraction
34
CM?
painless, nonscary patchy hair loss narrowing of hair shaft near the surface positive hair pulling test(extract 5-5 hair at once) recur but regrow during TX It May be associated with AID(SLE, Autoimmune thyroid disease and vetiligo)
35
mild/moderate hair loss?
Mild/Moderate:topical or intralesional CS | Sever: Topical immunosuppressant (diphenylcyclopropenone) with oral CS
36
What about discoid SLE involving hair?
The lesion is erythematous and scaring | Another site SLE lesion
37
Allergic contact dermatitis pathogenesis?
Require previous exposure(Immune sensitization) Due to T cell RXN(Type IV) Ethology are(URUshiol(from the plant(Poison ivy, oak, and sumac), nickel and neomycin)
38
CM?
``` Start after 12 hr Pruritis Erythematous rash with a streak(especially in uroshiol) Develop edema and vesicle weeping drainage and crusting usually, resolve in 1-3 week ```
39
managment?
avoid exposure removed exposed cloth topical and oral corticosteroid
40
Scabies pathogenesis?
Infection bay Sacrobitis scabi bite | Spread by direct person to person contact
41
CM?
extremely pruritis burrow/small erythematous papule/vesicle wave space, flexor wrist, extensor elbow, axilla, umbilicus, and genitalia
42
Treatment?
Topical permetrin or oral Ivermectine
43
Perianal streptococcal infection sign?
``` Caused by S.Pyogenes Sharpley demarcated, erythematous and painful perianal rash Constipation due to the pain Bloody stool Contact in recent day ```
44
Managment?
Oral BLA
45
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome pathogenesis?
Caused by exfoliativ toxin-producing S.A infection The source is usually the umbilicus/circumcision site in the neonate But in adult nares and skin Toxin damage keratinocyte attachment within the epidermis
46
CM?
Prodrom: Fever eriteblity and skin tenderness Then, generalized erythema, flaccid bullae/blister dominate in the flexural area spare mucosa Niklisky sign Scaled skin lesion due to epidermal peeling
47
Managment?
Naficiline/vancomycin | Supportive(wound care)
48
Diagnosis?
clinical | Bulle is sterile
49
Bullous impetigo?
The localized form of SSSS
50
Seborrheic dermatitis pathogenesis?
associated with colonization by Malassezia furfur | Affect part of the body that have a sebaceous gland
51
CM?
A peak in infancy/adulthood Erythematous plaque/yellow gressy scale Located on the scalp, face(eyebrows/eyelid.nasolabial fold and posterior ear), umbilicus and diaper area. pruritis and pain is not typical
52
Tx?
Mild: gentle emollient and non-medical shampo severe: Glucocorticoid cream and topical ketoconazole
53
Bullous and non-bullous impetigo D/C?
Etiology CM TX
54
Etiology?
B: S.A NB: SA & GAS
55
CM?
B: enlarged flaccid bullous lesion with yellow fluid ---raptured lesion with a collarette of scale at the periphery NB:Papules with pustule with honney crust lesion
56
Treatment?
NB:Topical/if extensive :oral B: Oral
57
common childhood pigment disorder?
Cafe-au-laits spots Congenital dermal melanocytosis Congenital melanocytic nevus
58
Cafe-au-laits spots?
``` Flat,hyperpigmented patches Associated MAS(McCune Albright syndrome)/NF ```
59
Congenital dermal melanocytosis?
Blue-gray patches more common in African American Common in lower back and buttock Fades away with decades(no treatment require) Due to the presence of melanocytes in the dermis
60
Congenital melanocytic nevus?
Benign melanocyte proliferation Increase density of hair lesion 5 % risk of melanoma
61
Infantile hemangioma managment?
Also known as strawberry hemangioma Can present with a patch of telangiectasia at birth Proliferate age 0-1, bright red raised nodule Involution: age 1-9,Deeper red/violet,regretion in size Is capillary tumor due to endothelial proliferation
62
managment?
observation | topical beta-blocker(at site complication will be anticipated)
63
Complication?
Ulceration/scaring Vision impairment if near eye Life-threatening if the near airway
64
cherry hemangioma?
common benign vascular tumor in adult Dilation of capillary and PCV usually widespread at trunk and face enlarge with age
65
Pathogenesis of T.Versicolour?
Malaysia globosa | exposure to the skin to hot and humid air
66
CM?
``` Hypo/Hyperpigmented lesion may have mild erythema face in children trunk and UE in above +- fine-scale and pruritis ```
67
Diagnosis?
KOH: hyphae and yeast(spaghetti in metaball)
68
Tx?
Topical ketoconazole, Terbinafine or selenium sulfide Generally nystatin not treat dermatocyte
69
Pityriasis rosea?
viral prodrome classically begin by single salmon colourd macule then multiple lesions in trunk and extremity(Christmas tree) erythematous eventually, desquamate Pruritis
70
managment?
usually self-limited | antihistamine and topical steroid for pruritis
71
erythema toxicum neonatorum?
``` asymptomatic erythematous papule and pustule full-term neonate in first 2 week spare hand and palm not need treatment(resolve by itself) ```
72
bed bug skin lesion?
pruritic small puncture maculopapular in linear group on close free rea
73
spider bite?
solitary papule/pustule weal/+-pruritis
74
managment?
suportive(CS and anti histamin) | decontamination

dermatology (4 decks)

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