D1.2.4 Transcription as a process required for the expression of genes Flashcards
(12 cards)
How does the transcriptome vary?
The transcriptome varies between cell types and changes in response to the cell’s needs.
What is the relationship between transcription and a cell’s response to environmental changes?
Cells can adapt to environmental changes by turning genes on or off through transcription control.
What is an analogy for transcription?
Transcription is like a light switch, where promoters and transcription factors are the hands that turn the switch on or off.
List three reasons why cells control transcription.
- Efficiency: Save energy
- Specialization: Different cell types express different genes
- Adaptation: Respond to environmental changes.
Why do different cell types express different genes?
Different cell types express different genes to perform unique functions and specialize.
Why is transcription important for protein production?
Transcription is the first step in making proteins, which perform most cellular functions.
What is the significance of having a regulated transcription process?
Regulated transcription ensures that the right genes are expressed at the right time, allowing for energy conservation and adaptation.
How does transcription relate to gene regulation?
Transcription allows cells to control which proteins are made and when.
What does it mean for the transcriptome to be dynamic?
It means the transcriptome changes based on the ‘mood’ or function of the cell, varying with its needs.
How does controlling transcription contribute to efficiency?
By producing proteins only when needed, cells save energy.
What role does transcription play in cell specialization?
Different patterns of transcription create the diversity of cell types in multicellular organisms.
Why is transcription considered a critical control point?
Transcription is a critical control point because it is where gene expression can be switched on or off.
