D2 BIOCHEM

Question 1

What is the primary energy storage
molecule in animals?

Answer 1

Glycogen

Question 2

What is the main product of the
Krebs cycle that is used in the
electron transport chain?

Answer 2

NADH and FAD

Question 3

What primarily composes the cell
wall of gram-positive bacteria?

Answer 3

Peptidoglycan

Question 4

Which cellular structure is
responsible for translating mRNA
into an amino acid sequence during
protein synthesis?

Answer 4

Ribosomes

Question 5

Where in the cell is genetic material
primarily found?

Answer 5

nucleus (DNA and RNA)

Question 6

What technology is used for gene
modification?

Answer 6

CRISPR

Question 7

Which application would most likely
use CRISPR CAS9 technology?

Answer 7

Targeted gene editing to correct genetic mutations

Question 8

What enzyme is used when creating another strand of the DNA?

Answer 8

DNA Polymerase

Question 9

Which technology is used for DNA finger printing?

Answer 9

Restriction length

Question 10

Which technique is used to analyze
and confirm the presence of specific
DNA sequences when studying the
encoded information in the human
genome?

Answer 10

Southern blotting

Question 11

What is the first product formed in
the Krebs cycle?

Answer 11

Citric Acid

Question 12

Which biomolecule serves as the
main energy currency of the cell?

Answer 12

ATP

Question 13

Which vitamin is essential for
collagen synthesis?

Answer 13

Vitamin C

Question 14

Which of the following is an
essential amino acid?

Answer 14

Lysine

Question 15

Which biomolecule stores genetic
information?

Answer 15

DNA

Question 16

The process of converting glucose
to pyruvate is known as:

Answer 16

Glycolysis

Question 17

What is the role of insulin?

Answer 17

Decrease blood sugar

Question 18

What type of bond holds two
strands (A-T and G-C) of DNA together?

Answer 18

Hydrogen bond

Question 19

Which lipoprotein is considered
“good cholesterol”?

Answer 19

HDL (High density Lipoprotein)

Question 20

Which process synthesizes glucose
from non-carbohydrate precursors?

Answer 20

Gluconeogenesis

Question 21

How many NADH molecules are
produced per cycle?

Answer 21

3 (if per glucose 6)

Question 22

What is regenerated at the end of
the Krebs cycle?

Answer 22

Oxaloacetate

Question 23

What is the role of the Cas9 protein
in CRISPR?

Answer 23

Cuts DNA at a target sequence guided by RNA

Question 24

The Cas9 protein acts as a:

Answer 24

Nuclease

Question 25

What does CRISPR stand for?

Answer 25

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

Question 26

Southern blotting is a technique used to detect:

Answer 26

DNA fingerprint

Question 27

What enzyme is used to cut DNA before Southern blotting?

Answer 27

Restriction endonuclease

Question 28

The first step in DNA fingerprinting is:

Answer 28

DNA Extraction

Question 29

A major difference between PCR and Southern blotting is that:

Answer 29

PCR amplifies (or copy millions) DNA Southern blotting identifies (detect) DNA fragments (sequence)

Question 30

Which organism is commonly used in industrial fermentation?

Answer 30

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 31

What is golden rice engineered to produce?

Answer 31

Vitamin A

Question 32

What is the end product of transcription?

Answer 32

RNA

Question 33

Micropropagation is used for:

Answer 33

Cloning plants

Question 34

The term “knockout” in genetic engineering refers to:

Answer 34

Complete deletion or inactivation of a gene

Question 35

In gene therapy, an "ex vivo" method means:

Answer 35

(outside body) Editing occurs outside the body and modified cells are transplanted

Question 36

Which **lipoprotein** is considered “good cholesterol”?

Answer 36

LDL (clog arteries too much)