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Roman Civilization > Daily Life > Flashcards

Daily Life Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the main differences between the latin alphabet and ours

A
  1. no capitals
  2. No j or v
  3. Lating alphabet had 21 letters
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2
Q

What were the 3 parts of a name

A

Praenomen - first name
nomen - last name
cognomen - nicknames for family or deeds

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3
Q

Barbari

A

Rome is class based society, if you are outside you are a barbarian. Normally referring to people who cannot speak greek or latin

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4
Q

5 Status Categories

A
  1. Servi (slaves)
  2. Liberti (freedmen)
  3. Ingenui (freeborn)

Citizen classes
4. Plebeians (everyone else)
5. Patricians (rich)

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5
Q

Equites

A

Originally Cavalry members but later a political administrative class as well

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6
Q

Quaestor

A

Lowest ranking magistrate whose responsibility was the treasury

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7
Q

Novus Homo

A

Given up being an equite to become part of the senetorial order -> you would have to give up your businesses and only have property investments

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8
Q

Clientes and Patroni

A

A freeman who was loyal to another and received protection in return. Patroni - act on behalf of the poor

Patron client relationship where both parties benefit

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9
Q

Peculium

A

Allowance given to slaves - can be used for anything or saved to buy freedom

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10
Q

Latifundia

A

Giant factory farms
- slaves would basically be worked to death here
- The economy depended on these

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11
Q

Paedagogus

A

Someone who acts as a tutor and nanny, normally a expensive slave

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12
Q

Slave origins

A

biggest source: Prisoners of war and children of existing slaves

Smaller sources: victims of kidnapping, enslavement as punishment, sold babies

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13
Q

Manumissio

A

Act of freeing a slave

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14
Q

Pileus

A

Brimless hat worn by roman citizens and freed slaves
- Rome was irregular in that people could become citizens even if they werent born roman
- still racism against newly made citizens vs old families

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15
Q

Vigintiviri

A

20 men - they hold office for one year

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16
Q

Aedile

A

4 of them
- 1 year in office
- took care of infrastructure -> upkeep of temples, streets, water supply
- gave free grain to everyone
- Entertainment (supervise not pay for )

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17
Q

Praetor

A

8 of them
- 1 year in office
- 1/2 deals with foreigners, 1/2 citizens
- picked by lot and mainly sought after because it makes you eligible to be a propraetor

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18
Q

Consul

A

2 of them
- 1 year position (requires praetorship first)
- kings role (military leaders, come up with the laws which then pass through the senate and then the people)

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19
Q

Censor

A

2 of them
- 18 month period every 5th year
- most prestigious office
- Roles
take the census
set taxes
state and public building contracts
adding senators from senatorial orde
perform lustrum

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20
Q

Lustrum

A

purification cerimony performed by the census

sacrifice of a boar, ram and bull

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21
Q

Dictator

A

Official Roman magistrate - they are appointed for a specific task and can only do that task
- maximum 6 months
- has a subordinate colleague the magister equitum

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22
Q

What were the 9 roles a dictator could have?

A
  1. conducting government
  2. putting down civil discord
  3. hammering the nail (prevent plague)
  4. assembling the comitia
  5. conducting boards of inquiry
  6. holding the feriae latinae
  7. interregnum (both consuls dead)
  8. restoring the state
  9. Vetting the senate
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23
Q

Senate

A

600 members
- supreme decision making body of the roman state
- everything must be approved by them

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24
Q

Tribune of the plebs

A

5-10
- serve for one year starting december 10
- have to be plebeian
- enforce plebeian laws and protect the plebeians

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25
Sacrosanctity
1. secure from violation 2. secure from assault or trespass possessed by members of the tribune to protect them
26
Fasces
Symbol of imperium (roman power) it is an ax with a thicker hilt near the top
27
Insula
Roman word for apartment building
28
Insula Feliciles
- Built out of timber and brick which made them vulnerable to earthquakes - not much natural lighting - bottom had shops and restuarants - lower down more expensive because it is cooler and less dangerous - courtyard in center
29
Spes
Hope personification of the idea of hope
30
Conclave
word for public toilet - also called forica
31
subligar
underwear
32
Tunica Intima
worn under regular tunica in winter. Women - colourful, long men - drab, short made from wool or linen unless really rich
33
Latus Clavus
Stripe across tunic - senators got a purple one
34
Tunica Laticlava
Tunic senatorial order members would wear
35
Calcei
Fancy shoes outdoor
36
Soleae
Sandals for wearing indoors
37
Caligae
Military boots
38
Toga
Official dress of a roman citizen - only citizens can wear - very warm during the summer as they were made of wool - necessary for business
39
Umbo
Little bunch at the front of toga
40
Sinus
Underneath the right arm, a pocket that forms
41
Toga Virilis
Mens toga
42
Toga Pulla
Indicates grief or being charged with a crime - darker toga
43
Toga Candida
Bleached toga worn by those seeking office
44
Toga Praetexta
Has a purple border so only for the richest. Children would also wear these but they would have to be put away. Worn by richest of rich and poorest of poor
45
Honorius
Emperor from 393 to 423 - banned pants
46
Stola
Womens dress - their version of a toga (worn only by married women)
47
Strophium
leather bra
48
Mamillare
Breast band worn by women
49
Sandalia
Sandals but covered
50
Peplos
Women attire - basically top + skirt
51
Chiton
Womens attire but more like a mens tunic without sleeves
52
Thermopolium
Basically fast food place
53
Caupona
basically a bar
54
Dipinti
Painted graffiti
55
How did the romans organize their day differently then us
12 hours in the day, 12 at night so in summer and winter hours can be shorter or longer
56
Months
Year starts on jan 1, when all magistrates take office
57
F&C calendar
Days business isn't banned - regular day
58
E&N calendar
Business is banned in morning but ok otherwise
59
N&P calendar
Holidays
60
Kal
Kalends - first day of the month
61
Non/Nones
non = 5, nones = 7
62
Id/Ides
Id = 13, ides = 15
63
Ludi
Games -> gladiators, chariot racing....
64
Coliseum
1. Podium - lowest 2. then maenianum primum 3. Maenianum secundum imum 4. maenianum summum 5. Porticus Women weren't originally allowed to attend but augustus changed that
65
St. Augustine
Bishop in north africa at the end of the 4th century
66
Condemnation ad bestias
The condemned were killed by wild animals
67
Tunica Molesta
Man set aflame and burned to death
68
Condemation ad gladium
Gladiators given training fight but are ensured to be killed within a year
69
Condemnatio ad Ludum
Could fight and if they lived for three years were freed
70
Bestiarii
Men who would fight wild beasts
71
Missum Fac
When you want someone who fought well freed
72
Iugula
Slit his throat
73
Hoc Habet
Oh hes done for
74
What were 8 of the most common of the 16 types of gladiator
RETIARIUS → Metal grid net. Trident. THRACIAN → Sica: curved sword. Round shield for his wrist. SAMNITE → Big eyes on the helmet. Two feathers on top. Sword. Legionary shield. HOPLOMACHUS → You can take the seminite and evolve him. This one will be heavily armed. SECUTOR → You can take the seminite and evolve him. This one will have a brown helmet. MURMILLO → Oval shaped shield. Regular sword. fish-themed helmet SUMMA RUDIS → The word itself just means a stick. This stands for the referees, he hit people with the stick when they refused to fight. SECUNDA RUDIS → The second stick. There might be multiple games going on at once, multiple gladiators.
75
Obstetrix
Midwife
76
Lustratio
Purification ceremony for an infant
77
Pater Familias
Father of the family, decides whether to keep the baby or sell it Has Patria Potestas - owns everything the child does, has legal control over children
78
Litterator and Magister
Teachers
79
Grammaticus
high school
80
Rhetor
University
81
Women in the later empire
Many women can have more public roles - still had to be dutiful, obediant, noble chaste - couldnt vote or run for office
82
Two types of marriage
In Manu -> woman is in her husbands hand - husband has legal power Sine Manu -> not under her husbands patria potestas -> still under fathers
83
Contubernium
Legal marriage between slaves
84
Affectatio Maritalis
Ceremony proving the marriage culminating in the Deductio in domum mariti where the husband goes to his house and a parade brings the bride there.
85
Divorcing
can be done at anytime and marriage is legally disolved
86

Roman Civilization (2 decks)

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