Dairy Cattle

Question 1

Top dairy states in US

Answer 1

Cali 
Wisconsin 
NY 
Penn.
Minn.

Question 2

For farmers, milk is sold by ____

And priced by the _____

Answer 2

Volume, hundredweight
1hwt=100lbs of milk
Approx 11 gal in 1hwt

Question 3

What percent of milk is approximately water

Answer 3

90%

Question 4

Aside from water, what else makes up the composition of milk

Answer 4

Butterfat (or milkfat) and protein

Question 5

Define pasteurization

Answer 5

Milk is heated to a temp that kills pathogenic bacteria or disease producing bacteria (usually at bottling plant)

Question 6

Define homogenization

Answer 6

Milk is mixed so fat globules are broken into smaller particles. So Fat (cream) won’t separate from milk

Question 7

What does “Vitamin D added” mean

Answer 7

Natural vitamin d in milk gets broken down by pasteurization. It’s added back bc we need vitamin d to absorb calcium in milk

Question 8

Since how long ago have we used animal for human food

Answer 8

6000-9000BC

Question 9

1 hundredweight = how many pounds of milk

Answer 9

100

Question 10

Dairy breeds are less ____ than beef breeds

Answer 10

Muscular

Question 11

Does cross breeding occur in dairy cattle, why or why not

Answer 11

Very little. Occurs in beef to create genetic improvement. Dairy do not create “hybrid vigor” ( offspring genetically superior to parents) (aka Heterosis)

Question 12

6 main dairy breeds

Answer 12

Holstein-friesian 
Jersey 
Brown Swiss 
Ayrshire 
Guernsey 
Milking shorthorn

Question 13

#1 cow breed in dairy production 
What percent of all cattle this breed makes up

Answer 13

Holstein-friesian

90% of all cattle

Question 14

Origin of Holstein F

Answer 14

Friesland Germany

Question 15

Coloration of Holstein F

Answer 15

B&W or red&w

Question 16

Milkfat avg and lactation period for Holstein F

Milk \year avg

Answer 16

3.5% 305 days=lactation

23,000 lbs milk / year avg

Question 17

What breed?
Same as B&W Holstein
Separate breed registry in 1964
Production statistic similar to B&W

Answer 17

Red & White Holstein

Question 18

Origin of Jersey cow

Answer 18

Isle of Jersey (UK)

Question 19

Coloration of Jersey cattle

Answer 19

Shades of brown.
Light cream-almost black range
Possible white markings

Question 20

Avg milkfat of Jersey cow and milk/yr avg.

Answer 20

5.5% avg. milkfat

17,000lbs milk/yr avg

Question 21

Origin of Guernsey cattle

Answer 21

Isle of Guernsey ab 1,000 yrs ago

Question 22

Coloration of Guernsey cattle

Answer 22

Any shade of light brown (aka fawn) w/white markings

Question 23

Milk / yr avg and milkfat avg of Guernsey

Answer 23

16000 lbs milk/yr

5% milkfat avg

Question 24

Origin of Ayrshire cattle

Answer 24

Scotland during late 18th century

Question 25

Ayrshire coloration

Answer 25

May be almost all red, red & white or brown and white

Question 26

Ayrshire milk/yr av | And milkfat av

Answer 26

17000 lbs milk/yr | 4.0% milkfat av

Question 27

Origin of Brown Swiss cattle

Answer 27

Switzerland

Question 28

One of the oldest breeds dating back to 4000 BC

Answer 28

Brown Swiss

Question 29

Coloration of Brown Swiss cattle

Answer 29

Light-Darkbrown

Question 30

Cattle w significant life spans. Longevity

Answer 30

Brown Swiss

Question 31

Brown Swiss milkfat avg and milk/yr avg

Answer 31

19000 lbs/ yr | 4.0% milkfat avg

Question 32

Milking shorthorn origin

Answer 32

England

Question 33

Only dual purpose cattle on list (bred for dairy and beef)

Answer 33

Milking shorthorn

Question 34

Color combos of milking shorthorns

Answer 34

Red Red & w White Roan (disbursed red and white hairs, mixed together)

Question 35

Milking shorthorn milk/yr avg and milkfat avg

Answer 35

15000 lbs /yr | 3.5% milkfat

Question 36

Cow breed selection would be based on

Answer 36

``` Milk production Udder conformation Feet and legs (ability to get around to eat) Body capacity (bigger cow=eat more) Reproductive efficiency ```

Question 37

Purebred/registered vs grade/commercial

Answer 37

Purebred- have traceable pedigree, registered in a breed association Grade- May appear same as registered but don’t come from registered sire or dam

Question 38

What sire and dam mean

Answer 38

Sire- bull used for breeding purposes | Dam- female cow chosen to produce