Dale's Dreaded Fill in the Blank Quizzes Flashcards by Jenna Millay

Describe the defining features of SVT.

Narrow, Fast, Regular (Rate over 150 for adults, 180 for pediatrics, 220 for infants)

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Describe the defining features of a 3rd degree HB.

P-waves and QRS are unrelated

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Describe the defining features of a 2nd degree type 1 HB.

Wenckebach P-R interval widens until a beat is dropped

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Describe the defining features of v-tach.

Wide, Fast, Regular

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Describe the defining features of multifocal atrial tachycardia.

Rate over 100, 3 or more different P waves, Irregularly Irregular

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Describe the defining features of v-fib.

Chaos

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Your pediatric patient is in vfib, you have elected to defib. What is the Joule setting?

1-2 J/kg

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In PEA, the H’s and T’s must be identified, list them.

H: Hypoxia, Hypovolemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess, Hypokalemia, Hypothermia
T: Toxins, Thrombosis (PE), Thrombosis (MI), Tamponade, Tension Pneumo

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Beck’s Triad is used to identify what disorder? What are the components of Beck’s Triad?

Cardiac Tamponade
JVD, Muffled Heart Tones, Narrowing Pulse Pressures

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What part of the heart’s anatomy is consistent with leads I and AVL?

High Lateral

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Use the rule of nines for an infant who has burns to the chest and abdomen.

18%

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ACTH is produced in the ________ and stimulates the ________.

Anterior Pituitary
Adrenal Glands

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What are the receptor sites for the sympathetic nervous system? When stimulated, what is the response for each?

A1 - Vasoconstriction
A2 - Mediator
B1 - Increased dromotropy, Inotropy, and Chronotropy
B2 - Bronchodilation
B3 - Piloerection / Muscle Shivering

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What are the components of the Parkland Burn Formula?

% BSA x 4 mL x weight in KG
1st half in first 8 hrs, 2nd half in 16 hrs

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What are the three types of obstructive shock?

Tension Pneumo, Cardiac Tamponade, PE

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What structure separates the upper and lower GI system?

Ligament of Treitz

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What is the drug class for Albuterol? What is the effect of Albuterol?

Sympathetic Agonist
Bronchodilation

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A patient has HIV, which has become AIDS. This is an example of…

Seroconversion

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What is a normal PaO2?

80-100 mm/hg

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Describe Henry’s Law.

The weight of a gas is based on the weight of the gas above it.

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How do you mix dopamine?

800 mg of dopamine placed in 500 mL of saline = 1600 mcg/mL

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Lasix is a diuretic. Where in the kidney does it work?

Loop of Henle

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What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?

Romozicon
Rominizil

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A person overdosed on Elavil. What significant finding would I look for on the EKG?

Dominant R wave in AVR and a wide QRS

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Number one sign of RSF? Number one cause of RSF?

Peripheral Edema Left Side Failure

What coronary artery feeds the septum?

Left Anterior Descending

What are the components of Tort Law?

Injury Duty to Act Breach of duty Proximal cause

Describe the pH, HCO3, and CO2 in respiratory acidosis?

pH below 7.35 HCO3 normal CO2 above 45

When dopamine is delivered at 2-5 ug/kg/min, the effects are?

Renal and mesenteric dilation

Osmotic diuresis is responsible for dehydration in what common disease?

Diabetes or HHNK

What defines a pathological Q wave (how do you identify it)?

Q-wave that is ⅓ the depth of the height of the R-wave and wider then 1 little box

A 47 y/o patient has LLQ pain, with diarrhea and some mucus. What do they likely have?

Diverticulitis

What is an acute arterial occlusion? What is the treatment?

Partial occlusion of an artery Pain medication

Portal hypertension is associated with which sign/symptom?

Esophageal varices

What are the steps the body takes to control a bleed?

Vasoconstriction Inflammatory Response Clotting Cascade

An ace inhibitor causes its action by?

Preventing angiotensin 1 from becoming angiotensin 2

What rate is considered SVT in infants?

220 bpm

You have a medication that contains 10 mg of the drug in 20 mL of fluid. You are ordered to give 5 mg to the pt. How much of the fluid would you administer?

10 mL

What is the infusion rate for amiodarone?

1 mg/min

What causes the narrowing pulse pressure in a pt with a tension pneumothorax?

The inferior vena cava is twisted by pressure in the thoracic cavity decreasing preload dropping systolic and creating back pressure increasing diastolic.

What leads do we look at to determine if a pt has left ventricular hypertrophy?

V1 or V2 (Highest) V5 or V6 (Lowest) 7 little blocks combined = Left Hypertrophy

What is the BSA percentage for an infant with circumferential burns to both legs?

28%

What nerve controls the intercostal muscles?

Intercostal Nerve

What are the receptor sites for the parasympathetic nervous system? What is the neurotransmitter for the cholinergic system?

Muscarinic and Nicotinic Acetylcholine

Describe the s/s in a pt who has Brown Sequard Syndrome.

Penetrating Trauma to the spinal cord Loss of sensation on one side of the body and loss of motor on the opposite

Name the types of distributive shock.

Sepsis Anaphylaxis Neurogenic

At the transition between fetus and newborn the umbilical vein becomes the _______?

Ligament of teres (liver)

What is the class of Ipratropium? What is the action of Ipratropium on lungs?

Parasympathetic antagonist Prevents bronchoconstriction by blocking parasympathetic receptors in the lungs

What is the name for the system that drains the venous blood from the alimentary canal to the liver?

Portal System

List the following: normal PaCO2, normal HCO3, normal PaO2.

35-45 mm/hg 22-26 mm/hg 80-100 mm/hg

Describe Boyle’s Law.

A gasses volume is inversely proportional to its pressure.

What is the infusion rate for epinephrine for refractory bradycardia?

2-10 mcg/min

Describe acetazolamide.

Diuretic that enhances elimination of bicarb (given in high altitude sickness)

What is the treatment for a hydrofluoric acid burn?

Cations (calcium/magnesium) If the burn is on a limb you can submerge the limb in cold water

What is the treatment for an amitriptyline overdose?

Sodium Bicarb

What is the number 2 cause of RSF? Your pt has developed RVH, and has a long hx of COPD. What is the name of this condition?

COPD Cor Pulmonale

The LM artery bifurcates into the _________ and the ________.

LAD Circumflex

What patients are at risk for developing a subdural hematoma?

Alcoholics and Geriatrics

Describe the following in metabolic acidosis: pH, PaCO2, HCO3.

PH below 7.35 PaCO2 normal HCO3 below 22

What is the action of dopamine at 5 ugs to 10 ugs/kg/min?

Cardiac dose Increases dromotropy, inotropy, and chronotropy

What is the normal RR for a newborn?

30-60

ST depression in leads VI, VII, VIII, and VIIII, in a pt with chest pain could indicate?

Posterior MI or ischemia of the septum

Pain in URQ could indicate what two potential problems?

Liver or gallbladder disorders

What are the components to Virchow’s Triad?

Venous stasis Venous injury Hypercoagulability

Name two vessels that perfuse the Circle of Willis in the brain?

Internal Carotids Posterior Cerebral Artery

When mast cells degranulate, it causes vessels to become ________ and bronchial muscle to ________.

Dilated Constrict

The posterior pituitary produces what hormones?

ADH Oxytocin

Your trauma pt has developed narrowing pulse pressure. He has lost approximately how much blood?

1500 - 2000 mL or around 25%

A pt with addisonian crisis could present with which of the following?

Hypoglycemia and low BP

What do each of the letters in CHAP mean?

Chest Pain Hypotension Altered Mental Status Pulmonary Edema

What are the components of Cushing’s Reflex?

Result of increasing ICP BP rises, Heart Rate drops, Biots or Cheyne-Stokes respirations

An infant has circumferential burns to the left arm and back, what is the TBS area burned?

27%

What is the motor nerve that controls the tongue?

Hypoglossal nerve Cranial nerve XII

Which blade is used in intubation with a one y/o pt?

Miller Blade

What causes bradycardia in a pt with neurogenic shock?

Lack of sympathetic tone above

Your pt has been involved in a rear-end MVA and now complains of weakness and numbness in their arm and hand. The pt probably has _________.

Central Cord Syndrome

During the transition from fetus to newborn, the ductus arteriosus becomes the ________.

Arteriosus ligamentum

What is the class for epinephrine? What is its action on the lungs? In the lungs, what receptor sites are stimulated?

Sympathomimetic Bronchodilation B2

Describe the term claudication.

Pain caused by occlusion of an artery, lack of O2 to muscle, relief with rest

Describe the cause of trench foot. Describe the signs and symptoms.

Exposure to cold and damp Numbness, tingling, pruning, skin loss, cold/ashen skin

What is Dalton’s Law?

The total weight (pressure) of a gas is equal to the weight (pressure) of the gasses that compose it.

When dopamine is administered at 10 mcg/kg to 20 mcg/kg, what is the result?

Powerful vasoconstrictor similar to norepi

List possible causes for the following: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis.

M acidosis: Kidney Failure M alkalosis: Vomiting R acidosis: Overdose of opiates R alkalosis: Altitude sickness

What is the antidote for magnesium sulfate?

Calcium Gluconate

What drug is used to treat torsades de pointes? What is the dose for the above treatment?

Magnesium Sulfate 2 g

What is the number one cause of LSF? Number two cause of LSF? Number one sign of LSF?

MI Long term hypertension Pulmonary edema

What is the branch of the RCA that feeds the inferior wall of the left ventricle?

Posterior descending artery

What does the term ‘res ipsa loquitur’ mean?

The thing speaks for itself

Describe the following in metabolic alkalosis: pH, CO2, HCO3.

PH above 7.45 CO2 normal HCO3 above 26

In reference to norepinephrine, what is its class? What is its action? How is it different from epinephrine?

Sypatomimetric Vasoconstriction Primarily A1 (think of dale drawing the greater amounts of receptor sites)

What is a normal BP for a 12 y/o?

100/60

Inverted T waves in II, III, and aVF would indicate _________.

Ischemia to the inferior or right side cardiac tissue

Chest pain radiating between shoulder blades should be evaluated for ________.

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

What is the treatment for acute arterial occlusion?

Pain Medicine

Esophageal varices is usually the result of chronic ________.

Portal Hypertension Alcoholism also acceptable

A person with an obstruction at the carina would most likely present with ________. A person with an obstruction in the left mainstem bronchus would present with ________.

Persistent coughing Tracheal tugging to the side of the obstruction

TSH is secreted from the ________ and causes the ________ to release ________.

Anterior Pituitary Thyroid T3 and T4

Dale's Dreaded Fill in the Blank Quizzes Flashcards

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