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safety > Dangerous contraindications to top 100 drugs > Flashcards

Dangerous contraindications to top 100 drugs Flashcards

1
Q

2 Xi to use of loop diuretics

A

dehydration

hypovolaemia

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2
Q

3 Xi to use of adenosine

A

coronary ischaemia
hypotension
decompensated HF

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3
Q

dangerous area to inject adrenaline

A

Area supplied by end artery

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4
Q

3 Xi to use of spironolactone (aldosterone antagonist)

A

severe renal impairment
hyperkalemia
addisons disease

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5
Q

3 Xi situations to use of allopurinol (gout)

A

acute attack of gout
sign of skin rash on previous use
sign of hypersensitivity on prev use

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6
Q

1 Xi to use of aminosalycilates (Ulcerative C and Rheumatoid A) e.g. mesalazine

A

patients allergic to aspirin

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7
Q

2 Xi to ACEis and ARBs

A

renal artery stenosis

AKI

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8
Q

Reason why you cant use SSRI/ TCA plus an MAOi

A

all increase synaptic serotonin –> serotonin syndrome

TCAs and MAOis increase NA –> hypertension and hyperthermia

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9
Q

1 Xi to use of D2 blocker antiemetics (metoclopramide/domperidone)

A

gastric perforation

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10
Q

reason why you cant use metoclopramide (D2 antiemetic) with parkinsons drugs

A

antagonism

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11
Q

1 Xi to use of phenothiazine antiemetics (prochlorperazine)

A

severe liver disease

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12
Q

1 Xi to antifungal drugs

A

pregnancy (risk of foetal malformation)

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13
Q

1 Xi to use of antimuscarinics for overactive bladder

A

UTI

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14
Q

2 Xi to use of atypical antipsychotics (olanzapine)

A

severe HF

neutropenia

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15
Q

3 Xi to aspirin

A

under 16 years (risk of rekes syndrome)
3rd trimester
aspirin allergy

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16
Q

2 XI to beta blockers

A

asthma

heart block

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17
Q

3 Xi to bisphosphonates

A

severe renal impairment
hypocalcaemia
upper GI disorders

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18
Q

1 Xi to calcium/ vitamin D

A

Hypercalcaemia

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19
Q

2 Xi to calcium channel blockers (amlodipine)

A

unstable angina

severe aortic stenosis

20
Q

1 Xi to carbemazepine and phenytoin (antiepileptics)

A

antiepileptic hypersensitivity syndrome

21
Q

Xi to penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenem antibiotics (amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ertapenem)

A

previous anaphylaxis

22
Q

3 Xi to digoxin

A

2nd degree heart block
intermittent complete heart block
ventricular arrhythmias

23
Q

2 Xi to potassium sparing diuretics (amiloride)

A

severe renal impairment

hyperkalemia

24
Q

1 Xi to thiazide and thiazide like diuretics

A

hypokalemia

25
Q

2 Xi to fibrinolytic drugs

A

any bleeding or recent bleeding (esp intracranial haemorrhage)
previous streptokinase treatment is a contraindication for prescribing streptokinase again due to Ig formation

26
Q

1 Xi to all laxatives

A

intestinal obstruction

27
Q

1 Xi to use of macrolide antibiotics (clarithromycin)

A

macrolide hypersensitivity

28
Q

3 Xi to metformin

A

severe renal impairment
AKI
severe tissue hypoxia

29
Q

2 Xi to methotrexate

A

pregnancy

severe renal impairment

30
Q

1 Xi to metronidazole (antibiotic for anaerobic bacteria)

A

alcohol (produces disulfiram like reaction)

31
Q

1 Xi to nicorandil (stable angina)

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor use (sildenafil)

32
Q

4 Xi to nitrates

A

severe aortic stenosis
hypotension
haemodynamic instability
sildenafil

33
Q

3 Xi to nitrofurantion (UTI)

A

later stages of pregnancy
babies under 3 months
renal impairment

34
Q

4 Xis to NSAIDS

A

severe renal impairment
heart failure
liver failure
NSAID hypersensitivity

35
Q

1 Xi to oestrogens and proeostrogens

A

breast cancer

36
Q

1 Xi to weak opioids (tramadol)

A

uncontrolled epilepsy

37
Q

2 Xi to broad spectrum penicillins

A

penicillin allergy

severe renal impairment

38
Q

2 Xi to penicillinase resistant penicillins (flucloxacillin)

A

penicllin allergy

prior penicllin related hepatotoxicity

39
Q

1 Xi to oral K+

A

severe renal impairment

40
Q

3 Xi to tetracyclines

A

pregnancy
breastfeeding
children under 12

41
Q

2 Xi to thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone, insulin sensitiser for T2DM)

A

HF

bladder cancer

42
Q

1 Xi to trimethoprim (UTIs)

A

first trimester of pregnancy

43
Q

2 Xi to vaccines

A

previous anaphylaxis to a past vaccine with any of same constituents
significant immunosuppression

44
Q

2 Xi to valproate (epilepsy and BD)

A

any childbearing potential/risk of conception

first trimester of pregnancy

45
Q

2 Xi to warfarin

A

pregnancy

immediate bleeding risk

46
Q

2 Xi to Zdrugs for insomnia (zopi-)

A

obstructive sleep apnoea

respiratory muscle weakness or respiratory depression

47
Q

1 irrelevant Xi to 5-a reductase inhibitors (finasteride, 2nd line for benign prostatic hyperplasia)

A

any exposure during pregnancy with a male foetus (touching tablets or via semen with male taking 5-a reductase inhibitors)

safety (2 decks)

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