Dans Lectures

Question 1

What animals produces the most o2 through photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Cytoplankton

Question 2

How many semi interdependent reactions are there involved in photosynthesis?

Answer 2

80+

Question 3

What wavelengths have more energy associated with them?

Answer 3

Short Wavelengths

Question 4

What is the role of photoreceptive pigments

Answer 4

Capture radiant energy from the sun

Question 5

What is the primary photoreceptive pigment?

Answer 5

Chlorophyll a

Question 6

What color are carotenoids?

Answer 6

Orange

Question 7

What color are phycobilins?

Answer 7

Blue-violet - Red

Question 8

What color are anthophyks?

Answer 8

Yellow - Brown

Question 9

Where does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 9

Chloroplasts

Question 10

Where is chlorophyll produced?

Answer 10

Chloroplasts

Question 11

What are photosystems?

Answer 11

Clusters of light trapping pigments in thylakoid membranes

Question 12

Where is light energy absorbed?

Answer 12

LHC

Question 13

What is O2 produced from in photosynthesis?

Answer 13

H2O

Question 14

When is CO2 needed in the photosynthesis reaction process?

Answer 14

Light Independent reactions to produce glycogen

Question 15

What is the phlogiston theory?

Answer 15

Only living (phlogiston) material can be burned

Question 16

What did Joseph Priestly find out?

Answer 16

That the air is an inert pure substance

Question 17

Who discovered O2?

Answer 17

Antonie Lavoisier

Question 18

Where does synthesis occur?

Answer 18

Stroma

Question 19

What do chloroplasts require to work?

Answer 19

electron acceptors

Question 20

Where does chlorophyll get its spare electron from?

Answer 20

H2O

Question 21

What two chemicals supply the energy for enzymes to work?

Answer 21

ATP and NADPH

Question 22

What type of system involves a light-dependent reaction?

Answer 22

Photosystem

Question 23

What is the first stage of a photosystem scheme?

Answer 23

II (Splits water an releases o2, H+ and ATP), then I (Produces NADPH and H+)

Question 24

What is photolysis?

Answer 24

The diffusion of oxygen into the atmosphere

Question 25

What is H+ only way out of a plant cell?

Answer 25

ATP synthase

Question 26

What are the features of a light dependent reaction?

Answer 26

Uses light energy Add water Electron receptor CO2 not necessary

Question 27

What are the features of a light-independent reaction?

Answer 27

Uses ATP, NADPH Uses CO2 Produces Carbohydrates Light not necessary

Question 28

What is the role of fluorescence?

Answer 28

The absorbance of light energy at one wavelength and re-emitting it at a longer wavelength

Question 29

When will a particle be released as fluorescence?

Answer 29

When it is too energetic

Question 30

What type of light does chlorophyll a absorb?

Answer 30

Blue light

Question 31

When does chlorophyll absorb a photon?

Answer 31

Photochemistry Fluorescence Heat

Question 32

What is the photosynthetic yield?

Answer 32

It shows how stressed the leaf

Question 33

What is the most widely used fluorescent parameter?

Answer 33

FV/FM

Question 34

When is there less fluorescence in a leaf?

Answer 34

When the leaf is exposed to heat and stress

Question 35

What is the calvin cycle?

Answer 35

Light-independent reaction - | Series of enzyme-driven reactions to produce a sugar

Question 36

What percentage of chloroplast protein does rubisco constitute?

Answer 36

50%

Question 37

Where does rubisco originate?

Answer 37

The stroma of a chloroplast

Question 38

Where does starch and sucrose synthesis take place?

Answer 38

Starch: Chloroplast Sucrose: Cytoplasm

Question 39

What are the three phases of the Calvin Cycle?

Answer 39

Carboxylation, reduction, regeneration of RUBP

Question 40

What is photoinhibition?

Answer 40

Reduces the rate of photosynthesis as the plant is exposed to high light. Ie. plants produce 9680, which is a strong oxidant

Question 41

What are xanthophylls and what are their roles?

Answer 41

They protect the plant through dissipating light energy as heat. This reduces photosynthesis but protects the plant.

Question 42

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 42

Mesophyll cells

Question 43

What is photorespiration?

Answer 43

The plant uses O2 for biosynthesis. No carbon fixed. Loses carbon chain. Reduces oxygen uptake.

Question 44

What is C4 photosynthesis?

Answer 44

Separates reaction chambers. Energetically costly. Produces Oxyleoate

Question 45

Where are light dependent and independent reactions taking place in a C4 plant?

Answer 45

Light Dependent: Mesophyll cells | Light Independent: Bundle sheath

Question 46

How do C4 plants pass oxygen between mesophyll cells and the bundle sheath cells. Describe this process

Answer 46

Uses PEP to fix carbon. Produces CO2. Carbon cycle continues as usual

Question 47

What are some advantages of C4 plants

Answer 47

CO2 greater Reduces H2O loss More efficient use of Nitrogen from rubisco

Question 48

What are the disadvantages of C4 plants?

Answer 48

Require 6 additional ATP to work

Question 49

What is alarm photosynthesis?

Answer 49

Uses carbon oxylate crystals as carbon providers under drought stress

Question 50

What is CAM?

Answer 50

Similar to C4. Separates cycles from night and day

Question 51

What happens in the night and day in the CAM cycle?

Answer 51

Night: Malic acid produced. Stomata open Day: Malic acid decarboxylated. CO2 fixed Leading to the more efficient use of H2O

Question 52

What type of photosynthesis mechanism in plants has a higher photosynthetic rate?

Answer 52

C3 plants have the higher photosynthetic rate

Question 53

What type of photosynthesis mechanism in plants has a higher photosynthetic rate?

Answer 53

C3 plants have a higher photosynthetic rate

Question 54

What is diffusion?

Answer 54

The net movement of water molecules from high concentration to low concentration

Question 55

What happens when molecules reach equilibrium?

Answer 55

There's no net movement of molecules

Question 56

What is osmosis?

Answer 56

Diffusion of water molecules. Helps water cross a partially permeable membrane

Question 57

What is water potential?

Answer 57

Potential for water molecules to move

Question 58

What is the highest potential of water?

Answer 58

0

Question 59

How does water move?

Answer 59

It moves along gradients of water potential

Question 60

In what direction does water move in terms of water potential?

Answer 60

It moves towards the more negative water potential

Question 61

When soil has high salinity what water potential does it have?

Answer 61

a very negative one

Question 62

What is the water table?

Answer 62

Pure water just under the soil