darwin Flashcards

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1
Q

evolution

A

gradual change in the inherited traits (genes) of a population from one gen to the next

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2
Q

how do organisms evolve

A
  • organisms don’t evolve, populations do
  • change must occur at genetic level to be passed down
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3
Q

natural selection

A
  • individuals with heritable, favorable traits results in a population that is better adapted to its current environment
  • differential process of reproduction
  • advantageous traits become more common over time
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4
Q

how does natural selection occur

A

through interaction between the environment and genetic makeup in individual organisms of population

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5
Q

example of evolution

A
  • antibiotic resistance
  • resistant bacteria survive and reproduce
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6
Q

adaptation

A

structure, behaviour, or process that helps an organism survive in a particular environment

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7
Q

mimicry

A

example of structural adaptation which helps a harmless species resemble a harmful one, or a colouration in structure.

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8
Q

vestigial structure

A

structure or feature that has no apparent function but appears to have been from a past ancestor or an ancestral trait (evidence of evolution)

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9
Q

mutations

A

change in the genetic material of an organismcausing new genes and traits

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10
Q

darwin’s inferences

A
  • individuals in populations compete for resources
  • some individuals inherit traits that aid survival/reproduction
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11
Q

darwin’s observations

A
  • more offspring produced than can survive
  • food/resources are limited
  • individuals in population vary (genetic variation)
  • many variations inheritable
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12
Q
A
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13
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14
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