DAT Gen Chem Atomic and Molecular structure

Question 1

are closest to
the positively charged nucleus.

Answer 1

core electrons

Question 2

which electrons are the most stable and are lowest in energy.

Answer 2

core electrons

Question 3

Changing the number of neutrons of an atom, leaving protons the same

Answer 3

isotope

Question 4

what produces ions

Answer 4

changing the number of electrons

Question 5

elements within a compound always combine in
a fixed proportion.

Answer 5

law of constant composition

Question 6

the molecules undergo
rearrangement to produce a physical change.

Answer 6

physical reaction

Question 7

involve
the substances undergoing a chemical change
whereby a new substance is created.

Answer 7

chemical reaction

Question 8

when two or
more atoms or molecules combine to form
a single compound.

Answer 8

synthesis rxn

Question 9

when a
compound breaks down into two or more
products.

Answer 9

decomposition rxn

Question 10

when
one element is replaced by another in a
compound.

Answer 10

single displacement rxn

Question 11

exchange
of bonds between two reacting chemical
species.

Answer 11

double displacement rxn

Question 12

common types of double displacement

Answer 12

neutralization
and precipitation reactions.

Question 13

when a
substance reacts with O2 gas to produce
light and heat.

Answer 13

conbustion

Question 14

Represents the main energy level
occupied by electrons.

Answer 14

principle quantum number

Question 15

Is a positive integer, greater than or
equal to 1.

Answer 15

principle quantum number (n)

Question 16

maximum number of electrons
that an electron shell can hold is
given by the formula:

Answer 16

2n squared

Question 17

Describes the shape of the subshells
or the orbital shape within each
principal energy level

Answer 17

Azimuthal Quantum Number (l)

Question 18

possible values of the azimuthal
quantum number

Answer 18

all integers between 0 and n-1

Question 19

l=0

Answer 19

s subshell

Question 20

l=1

Answer 20

p subshell

Question 21

l=2

Answer 21

d subshell

Question 22

l=3

Answer 22

f subshell

Question 23

how many e can s sub shell hold

Answer 23

2

Question 24

how many e can p sub shell hold

Answer 24

6

Question 25

how many e can d sub shell hold

Answer 25

10

Question 26

how many e can f sub shell hold

Answer 26

14

Question 27

which orbital is spherical

Answer 27

s

Question 28

which orbital is shaped like dumbbells

Answer 28

p

Question 29

Describes the orientation of orbitals in space.

Answer 29

Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)

Question 30

The magnetic quantum number ranges between

Answer 30

the negative and positive magnitude of the azimuthal quantum number.

Question 31

Describes the angular momentum of an electron.

Answer 31

Spin Quantum Number (ms)

Question 32

Spin Quantum Number (ms) denoted as either

Answer 32

+1/2 or -1/2

Question 33

states that no two electrons in an atom can have the exact same set of four quantum numbers.

Answer 33

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

Question 34

s sub shell has how many orbitals

Answer 34

1

Question 35

p sub shell has how many orbitals

Answer 35

3

Question 36

d sub shell has how many orbitals

Answer 36

5

Question 37

f subshell has how many orbitals

Answer 37

7ho

Question 38

how many e per orbital

Answer 38

2

Question 39

4s subshell gets filled BEFORE

Answer 39

3d bc its lower in energy

Question 40

When two species have the same electron configuration, it means that they have the same arrangement of electrons. They are known as

Answer 40

isoelectronic species

Question 41

formed between two atoms with significantly different electronegativities. (metals and nonmetals)

Answer 41

ionic bond

Question 42

involve the complete transfer of electrons from the less electronegative atom to the more electronegative atom.

Answer 42

ionic bond

Question 43

crystalline structures are found in what kind of bond

Answer 43

ionic

Question 44

very high melting and boiling points are characteristics of what bond

Answer 44

ionic

Question 45

soluble in water, where they dissociate into cations and anions. translate to what bodn

Answer 45

ionic

Question 46

conduct electricity when dissolved in aqueous solutions or when they are melted.

Answer 46

ionic compound

Question 47

bonds formed between two atoms that have similar electronegativities. (nonmetal-nonmetal)

Answer 47

covalent bond

Question 48

do covalent bonds share e

Answer 48

yes

Question 49

which e do covalent bonds share

Answer 49

valence

Question 50

have lower melting and boiling points. what bond

Answer 50

covalent

Question 51

are covalent bonds soluble or insoluable

Answer 51

insoluable

Question 52

do covalent bonds conduct electricity

Answer 52

no

Question 53

describes the distance between the nuclei of each atom involved in the bond.

Answer 53

bond length

Question 54

describes the energy needed to break a covalent bond.

Answer 54

bond energy

Question 55

have their atoms covalently bonded into a network. These atoms are held together very tightly, even tighter than most other covalent compounds!

Answer 55

covalent network solids

Question 56

utilize a type of covalent bonding whereby both electrons involved in the bond come from the same atom.

Answer 56

Coordinate covalent compounds

Question 57

utilize a type of covalent bonding whereby both electrons involved in the bond come from the same atom.

Answer 57

Coordinate covalent compounds

Question 58

occurs between metal atoms.

Answer 58

metallic nond

Question 59

A metallic bond arises from the

Answer 59

electrostatic force between the delocalized electrons and positively charged metal ions.

Question 60

excellent conductors of electricity.. what bond?

Answer 60

metallic bond

Question 61

ductile... what bond?

Answer 61

metallic

Question 62

malleable... what bond

Answer 62

metallic

Question 63

lustrous, or shiny.... what bond

Answer 63

metallic

Question 64

The forces that form covalent or ionic bonds are termed as

Answer 64

intramolecular forces

Question 65

the forces found between molecules.

Answer 65

intermolecular forces

Question 66

the weakest intermolecular interactions.

Answer 66

London Dispersion / Van der Waals forces

Question 67

occurs when the electron density between two atoms becomes unevenly distributed for a brief time resulting in an instantaneous dipole.

Answer 67

London Dispersion / Van der Waals forces

Question 68

All compounds experience the

Answer 68

LDF

Question 69

London Dispersion forces get larger as the size of the molecule

Answer 69

increass

Question 70

occurs when the partially positive side of a molecule attracts the partially negative side of another molecule.

Answer 70

dipole dipole forces

Question 71

interaction is only found in polar solid and liquid compounds

Answer 71

dipole dipole

Question 72

strong dipole-dipole interactions that occur when hydrogen is attached to highly electronegative nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine atoms.

Answer 72

hydrogen bonds

Question 73

what elements are involved in hydrogen bonds

Answer 73

nitrogen, oxygen, flourine

Question 74

stronger than other dipole-dipole interactions.

Answer 74

hydrogen bonding force

Question 75

describe the attraction between an ion and polar molecule.

Answer 75

ion dipole interactions

Question 76

increasing the strength of intermolecular forces implies that these molecules are held...

Answer 76

more tightly together

Question 77

does Increasing Intermolecular Forces increase or decrease vapor pressure

Answer 77

decrease

Question 78

does Increasing Intermolecular Forces increase or decrease melting and boiling pts

Answer 78

increase

Question 79

does Increasing Intermolecular Forces inc or dec viscocity

Answer 79

increasedoes

Question 80

does Increasing Intermolecular Forces inc or dec surface tension

Answer 80

increase

Question 81

illustrates that bonding between two atoms occurs due to the overlap of their atomic orbitals.

Answer 81

molecular orbital theory

Question 82

Species that have unpaired electrons and are attracted to a magnetic field are known as

Answer 82

paramagnetic

Question 83

single bond has a bond order of what

Answer 83

1

Question 84

triple bond has bond order of what

Answer 84

3

Question 85

when a central atom is surrounded by 3 electron domains, the atoms arrange themselves to be 120° apart from each other.

Answer 85

trigonal planar

Question 86

when a central atom is surrounded by 5 electron domains, the atoms arrange themselves to form this 3-dimensional shape

Answer 86

trig bipyrimidal

Question 87

when an atom forms four bonds, it assumes a...

Answer 87

tetrahedral geometry