Data Management Flashcards
What is GDPR
General Data Protection Regulation 2018, a form of secondry legislation under the data protection act which sets out seven key principles.
What is the freedom of information act 2000
A form of primary legislation that gives individuals the rights to access information held by public bodies.
What is a request for information
If requested a public body is required to issue information held on individuals within 20 days of the request.
What are the seven key principles of GDPR
Lawfulness, fairness and transparency, Purpose limitations, Data minimisation, Accuracy, Storage limitations, Integrity and confidentiality, Accountablility.
What is meant by ‘Lawfulness, fairness and transparency’ under GDPR
Transparency: tell the subject what data processing will be done.
Fairness: What is data is processed must match up with how it has been described.
Lawfulness: processing must meet the tests described in GDPR.
What is meant by ‘Purpose limitations’ under GDPR
Personal data can only be obtained for specific, explicit and legitimate purposes
What is meant by ‘Data minimisation’ under GDPR
Data collected on a subject must be adequate, relevant and necessary to the purpose
What is meant by ‘Accuracy’ under GDPR
The data must be accurate and where necessary kept up to date
What is meant by ‘Storage limitations’ under GDPR
Personal data is kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer than required.
What is meant by ‘Integrity and confidentiality’ under GDPR
protect against unlawful processing, accidental loss, destruction or damage.
What is meant by ‘Accontability’ under GDPR
organisations must provide evidence that steps have been taken to demonstrate complicane. This is achived by appointing a data protection officer, evaluating current practices and creating a personal data inventory.
What is a Database
Databases collect information in a structured fashion and enforce by default rules and relationshipsabout what goes in and out. Controlled by a database mangement system. Databases require the use of structured query language to access information.
What is a Spreadsheet
A spreadsheet offers quasi-structured data in a row and column format. Spreadsheets do not relate to each other and do not require rules about the information within them. Can perform mathmatical calculations and sort and filter data. Spreadsheets are used for data analysis, calculations, statistical comparisons and chart management.
What is the difference between a database and a spreadsheet
Appearance - Spreadsheets are capeble of having a customizable appearence, can create graphs and have rich formatting features. Databases have a formulized appearence, produce streamline tabular reports.
Data Location - Spreadsheets are self contained documents, have limited security options and only allow one user. Databases have dedicated database servers, allow permissions and access controlto increase security and allow multiple simultanious users.
What is BIM
There is no universally accepted definition of BIM. Generally Building information modeling is a process supported by various tools, technologies and contracts involving the generation and management of digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places. Bim is broken down into levels and dimensions.
What are the dimensions of BIM
2D - Two-dimensional graphical information.
3D - Three dimensional graphical information.
4D - Time and programme information.
5D - Cost information.
6D - Facilities management information.
What sowftware is used with BIM
According to the NBS National BIM Report 2017, the most popular drawing tools are:
Autodesk Revit (Architecture/Structure/MEP) 41% Graphisoft ArchiCAD 15% Autodesk AutoCAD 14% Autodesk AutoCAD LT 12% Nemetscheck Vectorworks 9% Other 5% Bentley Microstation 2% Trimble Sketchup (formerly Google Sketchup) 2%
What are some advantages of implimenting BIM
Advantages of implimenting BIM;
Better Collaboration and Communication,
Model-Based Cost Estimation,
Preconstruction Project Visualization,
Improved Coordination and Clash Detection,
Reduced Cost and Mitigated Risk,
Improved Scheduling/Sequencing,
Increased Productivity and Prefabrication,
Stronger Facility Management and Building Handover,
What are the Levels of BIM
Level 0 BIM - Unmanaged CAD,
Level 1 BIM - Managed CAD,
Level 2 BIM - Managed 3D environment,
Level 3 BIM - A single collaborative, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and project lifecycle information.
What is Level 0 BIM
Level 0 BIM - Unmanaged computer aided design (CAD) including 2D drawings, and text with paper-based or electronic exchange of information but without common standards and processes.
What is Level 1 BIM
Level 1 BIM - Managed CAD, with the increasing introduction of spatial coordination, standardised structures and formats as it moves towards Level 2 BIM. This may include 2D information and 3D information such as visualisations or concept development models. Models are not shared between project team members.
What is level 2 BIM
Level 2 BIM - Managed 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate discipline-based models. These separate models are assembled to form a federated model, but do not lose their identity or integrity.
In the UK, the Government Construction Strategy published in May 2011, stated that the ‘Government will require fully collaborative 3D BIM as a minimum by 2016’. This represents a minimum requirement for level 2 BIM on centrally-procured public projects from April 2016.
The processes necessary to achieve level 2 BIM are set out in PAS 1192-2 Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase (replaced by BS EN ISO 19650) and PAS 1192-3 Specification for information management for the operational phase of construction.
What is level 3 BIM
Level 3 BIM - A single collaborative, online, project model with construction sequencing, cost and project lifecycle information. This is sometimes referred to as integrated BIM and is intended to deliver better business outcomes.
Level 3 has been described by the BIM Task Group as including: Whole life management (£ and CO2), Measurement (internet of things), New Commercial models: transparent, data provenance; paperless, whole life service, Enable new services and markets: smart cities / grids; social media, Scale and capacity, Ease of use and interoperable.
What are some standards that govern BIM
PAS 1192 is now being phased out in favor of BS EN ISO 19650 - Organisation of information about construction works - information management using building information modelling. Which is split into 6 parts. Parts 1,2,3&5 have been published and 4&6 are expected this year.
CIC BIM Protocol - This establishes specific obligations, liabilities and limitations on the use of building information models and can be adopted by clients to mandate particular working practices. It can be incorporated into appointments or contracts by a model enabling amendment.
Uniclass2015 - A classification system that can be used to organise information throughout all aspects of the design and construction process.
BIM Toolkit - Developed by NBS, and offering a Digital Plan of Work to help define roles and responsibilities for preparing information and a verification tool to identify correctly classified objects and confirm that required data is present in the model.
