Databases CIT Flashcards
(22 cards)
Application Server
A server that processes application-specific database operations made from
application client programs. The DBMS is in-process with the application code for
very fast internal access.
BLOB
An abbreviation for Binary Large OBject. In SQL, BLOB can be a general term for
any data of type long varchar.
RDMS Client/Server
A server is a program that runs on a computer that directly manages the database.
A client is a separate program (or process) that communicates with the database
server through some kind of Remote Procedure Call (RPC) in order to perform
application-specific database operations.
Column
A single unit of named data that has a particular data type to a column
Commit
The action that causes all of the changes made by a particular transaction to be
reliably written to the database files and made visible to other users.
Data Type
The basic kind of data that can be stored in a column. Examples of data types that
are available in RDM SQL are: char, varchar, binary, boolean, tinyint, integer,
double, date.
Embedded Database
An embedded database is the combination of a database and the database
software which typically resides within an application.
Foreign Key
One or more columns in a table intended to contain only values that match the
related primary/unique key column(s) in the referenced table. Foreign and primary
keys explicitly define the direct relationships between tables.
Index
A separate structure that allows fast access to a table’s rows based on the data
values of the columns used in the index
JDBC
Java Database Connectivity API. JDBC provides a standard database access and
manipulations API for Java programs.
Natural Join
A join formed between two tables where the values of identically named and
defined columns are equal.
Outer Join
A join formed between two tables that in addition to including the rows from the
two tables with matching join column values will also include the values from one
table that do not have matching rows in the other.
Primary Key
A column or group of columns in a given table that uniquely identifies each row of
the table.
Query
A complete SELECT statement that specifies
1. the columns and tables from which data is to be retrieved;
2. optionally, conditions that the data must satisfy;
3. optionally, computations that are to be performed on the retrieved column
values; and
4. optionally, a desired ordering of the result set.
Referential Integrity
A condition in which the foreign key column values in all of the rows in one table
have matching rows in the referenced primary key table. Referential integrity is
maintained by SQL during the processing of an INSERT and DELETE statement
and any UPDATE statement that modifies a foreign or primary key value.
Relational Model
A database in which inter-table relationships are organized primarily
through common data columns, which define a one-to-many relationship between
a row of the primary key table and one or more rows of the matching foreign key
table.
Result Set
The complete set of rows that is returned by a particular SELECT statement.
Rollback
An operation, usually performed by the SQL ROLLBACK statement, that discards
all of the changes made by all INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE statements that
have been executed since the most recently started transaction (e.g., START
TRANSACTION statement).
SQL
The standardized and commonly accepted language used for defining, querying
and manipulating a relational database.
Stored Procedure
A named and optionally parametrised compiled set of SQL database access
statements that can be executed as a unit through a call to the stored procedure.
Attribute
A table consists of several record/s(row/s), each record can be broken down into
several smaller parts of data known as Attributes.
Tuple
A single entry in a table is called a Tuple or Record or Row. A tuple in a table
represents a set of related data.
