Day 1

Question 1

State the TUC at 25,000ft

Answer 1

TUC - 3-5min

unconscious - 7min

fatal - 20-60min

From time of exposure

Question 2

What happens to the carbon dioxide levels in your blood when you hyperventilate?

Answer 2

O2 levels decrease in the blood

Question 3

List the parts of the upper respiratory that may cause problems due to aviation.

Answer 3

Ears, frontal and sphenoid sinuses

Question 4

State the immediate action for Hypoxia.

Answer 4

Regulator, diluted, pressure, connection, descent, declare

Question 5

List the signs and symptoms of Hypoxia.

Answer 5

Symptoms:
- tingles, dizzy, hot/cold, euphoria, apprehension, vision, fatigue, headache

Signs:
- hyperventilation, pallor, cyanosis, confusion, poor judgement, incoordination, death, tremor, unconsciousness

Question 6

At what altitude is 100% oxygen first required to maintain MSL oxygen levels?

Answer 6

33,700ft

It is equivalent by 40,000ft

Question 7

State the definition of Hypoxia.

Answer 7

State of oxygen deficiency at tissue cell level sufficient to cause impairment of function

Question 8

Why is the treatment of Hypoxia and Hyperventilation the same?

Answer 8

Similar symptoms

Hard to differentiate between them

Question 9

Describe how night vision is affected by Hypoxia.

Answer 9

Retinal cells require plenty of oxygen
Decrease in O2 = decrease in adaptation
Scotopic night vision at altitude can be significantly reduced
Effect of Hypoxia is to elevate the rod and cone threshold

Question 10

WRT the atmosphere, list the three physiological zones.

Answer 10

1. Physiological Zone (SL - 10,000ft)
2. Physiologically Deficient Zone (10,000ft - 50,000ft)
3. Space Equivalent Zone (50,000ft - edge of atmosphere)

Question 11

True of False.

The greatest atmospheric pressure changes occur below 5000ft

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What gases make up the atmosphere?

What are the percentages of these gases in the atmosphere at MSL?

Answer 12

Oxygen 21%, Nitrogen 78%, other gases 1% (argon 0.9%, CO2 0.036%)

Question 13

What happens to the relative percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere as altitude increases.

Answer 13

Stays the same until 300,000ft

Question 14

Define the Law of Gaseous Diffusion.

Answer 14

Gas molecules will diffuse through a permeable membrane from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

Question 15

What is oxygen paradox?

Answer 15

When symptoms of Hypoxia initially worsen after taking in oxygen during recovery.

Question 16

A 1L balloon at MSL will be how large at 18,000ft

Answer 16

2L

P1 x V1 = P2 x V2

Question 17

Describe 4 types of Hypoxia

Answer 17

Hypoxic
Hypaenic
Histotoxic
Stagnant

Question 18

What is the relationship between pressure and volume?

Answer 18

Volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of red blood cells?

Answer 19

It carries O2 around the body

Question 20

Which gas law explains why the evolution of nitrogen bubbles during high altitude flight may cause decompression illness?

Answer 20

Henry’s Law - the amount of vase dissolved in a solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that has over the solution

Question 21

How is the deoxygenated blood returned to the heart?

Answer 21

Venules (small veins) and returned to the heard by larger one way veins .. pressure from heart