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PHARMACOLOGY for CCCC MEDIC 2 > DECK 1 - SYMPATHETIC VS PARASYMPATHETIC > Flashcards

DECK 1 - SYMPATHETIC VS PARASYMPATHETIC Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

What are the branches of the nervous system?

A

somatic and autonomic

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2
Q

What are the two autonomic divisions?

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic (fight/flight, feed/breed)

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3
Q

generalize what activating sympathetic system will do-

A

OPEN LUNGS, SQUEEZE VEINS, SPEED HEART, SLOW DIGESTION/URINE, INCREASE SWEAT, DILATE PUPILS

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4
Q

generalize what activating the parasympathetic system will do-

A

CLOSE LUNGS, OPEN VEINS, SLOW HEART, SPEED DIGESTION, CONSTRICT PUPILS

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5
Q

What nerves for the sympathetic and parasypathetic?

A

Thoracolumbar (S) and craniosacral (P)

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6
Q

generic name of sympathetic transmitters

A

catacholamines

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7
Q

Chief parasympathetic transmitter

A

Acetylcholine

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8
Q

What are the major catacholamines?

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine (and dopamine)

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9
Q

sympathetic receptors are called _____

A

adrenergic receptors (think adrenaline)

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10
Q

parasympathetic receptors are called ____

A

cholinergic receptors (acetylCHOLINE)

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11
Q

What is acetylcholine?

A

parasympathetic receptor

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12
Q

cholenergic agonist will___

A

activate parasympathetic - rest digest

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13
Q

adrenergic agonists will___

A

activate sympathetic -feed breed

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14
Q

cholinergic antagonist will __

A

prevent cholinergic receptors from working - helping sympathetic.

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15
Q

adrenergic antagonist will ___

A

prevent andrenergic receptors from working - helping parasympathetic.

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16
Q

Norepinephrine/ Epinephrine are trasmitters for

A

sympathetic

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17
Q

other names for epinephrine and norepinephrine? (in the UK)

A

adrenaline and noradrenaline

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18
Q

How and where are epinephrine and norepinephrine made and when are they released?

A

Norepinepherine is made in the adrenal medula (adrenal gland behind the kidneys), synthesized from dopamine. It is released all the time. In times of stress, the norepi is synthesized into epinepherine. (dopamine becomes norepinepherine becomes epinepherine)

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19
Q

Where is a little bit of norepi and epi produced?

A

Although made mostly in the adrenal glands, some is made in the brain- medulla oblongata - synthesized from proteins.

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20
Q

Is epinepherine contiuously produced?

A

Epinepherine is only produced in times of stress. It is made from norepinephrine. Both epi and norepi production increases in FIGHT FLIGHT.

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21
Q

Is norepinepherine coutinuously produced?

A

norepinepherine is always being produced from dopamine in the medula. It is the primary transmitter of the sympathetic nervous system. Production increases in FIGHT/FLIGH

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22
Q

where is acetylcholine produced?

A

in nerve endings- MADE FROM CHOLINE

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23
Q

what does acetylcholine do to body?

A

bronchoconstriction, decrease in heartrate, force and conductivity, increases disgestion (smooth muscle contraction: lungs, bladder, gastro), constricts pupils

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24
Q

what do the cholamines (epi/norepi/dope) do to body?

A

bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, increased heart rate/force/conductivity slows digestion/urine (smooth muscle relaxer: lungs, bladder, GI), constricts pupils.

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25
Do epinepherine and norepinepherine do the same thing?
Day to day, norepinephrine controls vasoconstricion. During fight/flight when epi is released, they act similar but Norepi considered more vascular, Epi more cardiac, but both do it all
26
What are the receptors for the sympathetic system called? (and where?)
A1- vascular A2- vascular B1 heart B2 lungs Dopamine(coronary arteries, renal vessels)
27
What are the receptors for the parasympathetic system? (and where?)
Nicotinic and Muscarinic in the smooth muscles and glands, some in the heart and other places
28
where are smooth muscles located?
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs: stomach, iintestines, bladder, uturus and in blood/lumph vessels and the tracts of resp,urinary and reproductive system.
29
What are muscarinic and nicotinic ?
receptors for parasympathetic
30
Nicotinic receptor- agonistic effect
speeds up digestion - squeeze smooth muscles
31
muscarinic 2 receptors?
located in heart - slows down heart B1 ANTAGONIST- also speeds up digestion
32
What does epinepherine do to body? (what receptors)
Vasoconstriction, increase heart rate, force, heart conduction velocity, bronchodilation and vasodilation in lungs - A1, B1, B2
33
What does norepinepherine do to the body (what receptors)
Day to day, norepinepherine works primarily on vasoconstriction, A1. Fight/Flight, norepi acts like, or assists epi: A1, B1, B2
34
How does dopamine behave? (what receptors?)
high doses: squeeze veins and speeds heart.. A1 vasoconstrict, B1 increase heart rate (+chronotrope), force (+inotrope), electric velocity (+dromotrope). Inhaled it bronchodilates also. LOW DOSES on D1 and D2 receptors
35
a drug that impacts heart rate is called-
chronotrope (chronological time) can be + or -
36
a drug that alter force of contraction is called ? (heart)
inotrope ("the force, I know" yoda) can be + or -
37
drugs that alter conduction velocity in the heart are called?
dromotrope (hit the DRUM to change conduction and AV speed(automoticity) can be + or -
38
positive chronotrope will \_\_\_
increase heart rate | (chronological- time)
39
positive inotrope will \_\_
increase contraction force (the force, I know)
40
positive dromotrope will \_\_\_
increase heart conduction speed (Conductor, hit the drum to change speed ) - impacts automaticity, impacts noded- how fast signals go throught the heart and from SA-AV-his bundle-bundle branches- perkinje fibers
41
negative chronotrope will \_\_\_
slow heart rate
42
negative inotrope will \_\_\_
decrease heart force
43
negative dromotrope will \_\_\_
slow heart conduction speed | (slow electric activity in heart)
44
A1 receptor
peripheral vasoconstriction increase BP
45
A2 receptor
peripheral vasodilation decrease BP
46
B1 receptor
Increase heart rate/force/automaticity and conduction (positive chronotope, inotrope and dromotrope)
47
B2 receptors
Bronchodilation, uterine and GI smooth muscle relaxation- SLOWS DIGESTION AND URINATION
48
catacholamine vs acetylcholine
acetylcholine REST/DIGEST transmitter (parasympathetic). Catacholamines are epi/norepi/dope- the FIGHT/FLIGHT transmitters. (siympathetic)
49
\_\_\_\_MIMETIC
MIMICS or resembles
50
\_\_\_\_LYTIC
BLOCKS-
51
ANTI\_\_\_\_
WORKS AGAINST/BLOCKS
52
\_\_\_ ERGIC
resembles- like-
53
agonist
activates
54
antagonist
deactivates
55
catacholamine
the transmitters epi/norepi/dope HELPS FIGHT/FLIGHT
56
acetylcholine
the transmitter for parasymp HELPS REST/DIGEST
57
Sympathomimetic
mimics sympathetic-HELPS FIGHT/FLIGHT
58
Anticholoinergenic
works against cholinergenic- HELPS FIGHT/FLIGHT
59
cholinergenic
like acetylcholine HELPS REST/DIGEST
60
parasympathomimetic
mimics parasympathetic- HELPS REST/DIGEST
61
Sympatholytic
blocks sympathetic- HELPS REST DIGEST
62
Parasymatholytic
blocks parasympathetic- HELPS FIGHT/FLIGHT
63
Adrenergic
resembles adrenaline HELPS FIGHT/FLIGHT
64
Adrenergic Blocker
blocks adrenaline like stuff HELPS REST/DIGEST
65
Cholinergic Blocker
Blocks acetylcholine HELPS FIGHT/FLIGHT
66
Sympathetic Blocker
blocks sympathetic- HELPS REST DIGEST
67
which division increases digestion?
PARASYMPATHETIC - nicotinic and muscarinic
68
which division decreases digestion?
SYMPATHETIC- alpha tightens sphincters and beta slows the walls
69
which division causes periphereral vasoconstriction?
SYMPATHETIC- alpha 1
70
which division causes peripheral vasodilation?
SYMPATHETIC- alpha 2
71
which division causes brochodilation?
SYMPATHETIC- beta 2- need to breath when fighting
72
which division causes bronchoconstriction?
PARASYMPATHETIC - muscarinic
73
Which division increases heart rate and force and conduction speed?
SYMPATHETIC- BETA 1
74
which division decreases heart rate and force and conduction speed?
PARASYMPATHETIC - muscarinic
75
which division increases sweating?
SYMPATHETIC- sweat when running
76
which system diates pupils?
SYMPATHETIC- need to see to fight
77
which system constricts pupils?
PARASYMPATHETIC- no need to see when resting
78
norepinephrine vs epinephriine vs dopamine receptors
norepinephrine-A1,B1,B2 (A1 daily). Epineprhine A1, B1, B2 dopamine A1, B1
79
Beta 1 blocker will
block B1: slow heart rate
80
nonselective Beta Blocker will
block B1 and B2: decrease heart rate and cardiac output, bronchoconstriction

PHARMACOLOGY for CCCC MEDIC 2 (11 decks)

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