Deck 2 Flashcards
A species
A species is any type of particle that takes place in a chemical reaction.
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction.
Acid
An acid is a species that is a proton donor.
Base
A base is a species that is a proton acceptor.
Alkali
An alkali is a type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions, OH-(aq).
Salt
A salt is any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, such as the ammonium ion, NH4+.
Cation
A cation is a positive charged ion.
Anion
An anion is a negatively charged ion.
Hydrated
Hydrated refers to a crystalline compound containing water molecules.
Anhydrous
Anhydrous refers to a substance that contains no water molecules.
Water of crystallisation
Water of crystallisation refers to water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound.
An oxidation number
An oxidation number is a measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element. Oxidation numbers are derived from a set of rules.
Oxidation
Oxidation is loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number.
Reduction
Reduction is gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number.
Redox reaction
A redox reaction is a reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place.
