Deck no. 30 Flashcards

Question

liczyć się z kimś, czymś

Answer 1

to reckon with Workers of a certain age and attitude will have to **reckon with** the coming recession.

Answer 2

to get into gear Efforts to emulate Tesla’s battery giga-factories are also **getting into gear**. Carmakers are hoping to break the stranglehold of China and South Korea on battery-making, bringing production closer to home to keep costs in check and supplies reliable. Volkswagen is creating some in-house battery-making capacity.

Answer 3

to go a long way In theory it shouldn’t be that hard to get hotel branding right, Hutson says. “Basics will **go a long way**. The minimum you want from a hotel is a really great mattress, enough water pressure in the shower, and you want it to be dark and quiet and the pillow to be soft. It is not rocket science.”

Answer 4

uparty, obstający przy swoim, zawzięty Doing everything under one roof is an idea both old and new. Tesla’s industrial system is at first glance an embrace of Silicon Valley’s “full stack ”—internalising all aspects of production, and therefore all the profits. Elon Musk, Tesla’s **opinionated** boss, once claimed that his company was “absurdly vertically integrated” by any standard, not just the car industry’s.

Answer 5

nakreślać, wytyczać Founded in 1937, Massachusetts-based Sonesta once owned luxury hotels such as New York’s Plaza andWashington’sMayflower.When I was in college in the 1980s, the group’s pyramid-shaped Cambridge hotel was a hot place to take visiting parents (and their credit cards) for brunch. But as large hotel chains transformed into managers and marketers of stables of carefully **delineated** brands ranging fromposh to bare bones, Sonesta withered.

Answer 6

funkcja; możliwość “We are indeed in the midst of very large-scale and thorough discussions both among ourselves and with the Americans right now about the things we need to do,” says one person familiar with the situation. “We are exploring a range of radically different ideas for making our country resilient, to build the **features** we need in wartime.”

Answer 7

strong suit It soon became apparent that metaphysics, which deals with being qua being and, therefore, the Being, who is simultaneously necessary existence and necessary essence, was not their **strong suit**.

Answer 8

trek Spiritual growth is an odd mandate for business schools preparing graduates to make manna in a secular world. One such institution, HEC Paris, has nevertheless decided to send students on a **trek** through the French countryside to a remote village, where a Benedictine monk (a former lawyer) guides them through ethical dilemmas.

Answer 9

turn of phrase Picture a computer that could finish your sentences, using a better **turn of phrase**; or use a snatch of melody to compose music that sounds as if you wrote it (though you never would have); or solve a problem by creating hundreds of lines of computer code—leaving you to focus on something even harder.

Answer 10

dodatkowy, dodawany jako dodatkowa część (do produktu) Carlos Tavares, chief executive of Stellantis, an ItalianAmerican giant (whose big shareholder, Exor, also owns a stake in The Economist’s parent company), has said that his cars are 85% “**bolt-on** parts”. MercedesBenz estimates its value-added split at 70/30 in favour of suppliers.

Answer 11

to delineate Founded in 1937, Massachusetts-based Sonesta once owned luxury hotels such as New York’s Plaza and Washington’s Mayflower.When I was in college in the 1980s, the group’s pyramid-shaped Cambridge hotel was a hot place to take visiting parents (and their credit cards) for brunch. But as large hotel chains transformed into managers and marketers of stables of carefully **delineated** brands ranging fromposh to bare bones, Sonesta withered.

Answer 12

uświęcony tradycją *respected or valued because it has existed for a long time* As for sales, the established giants have no intention of dismantling the **time-honoured** dealership system. It serves useful functions in servicing, for example—as Tesla’s longr-unning struggles in this are a illustrate.

Answer 13

bare bones Founded in 1937, Massachusetts-based Sonesta once owned luxury hotels such as New York’s Plaza andWashington’sMayflower.When I was in college in the 1980s, the group’s pyramid-shaped Cambridge hotel was a hot place to take visiting parents (and their credit cards) for brunch. But as large hotel chains transformed into managers and marketers of stables of carefully delineated brands ranging fromposh to **bare bones**, Sonesta withered.

Answer 14

supra- Thus in all these attributes this exalted figure furnished primitive man with the ability to live and love, to trust and to work, the prospect of becoming the master of the world and not its slave, and the aspiration to attain to yet higher, **supra**-mundane goals beyond.

Answer 15

to drown out So many visitors travel the 100 miles from Manhattan by air that the tiny airport in the wealthy town of East Hampton has helicopters or planes landing or taking off every 90 seconds on some summer days. Locals say the noise disturbs their barbecues and **drowns out** conversations.

Answer 16

wstrząsnąć, zszokować (kogoś) We once thought the future of transportation meant George Jetson’s flying car. Instead, we got Elon Musk’s Tesla—the company and the electric car—whose twin successes **jolted** the global automotive industry and are speeding the (eventual) demise of the internal combustion engine.

Answer 17

inicjacja, rytuał inicjacyjny MBA courses used to focus on number-crunching and business strategy. Executives must still master these skills. Yet the corporate world has changed since the MBA first became a **rite of passage** for high-powered executives.

Answer 18

skupić się na czymś If they love music, they **laser in on** what kind of music they want to learn, and then study it. Their PFI is specific.

Answer 19

wybulić (niechętnie) Plans for such fully fledged in-house battery units remain rare. Most companies still prefer to team up with specialist producers. Ford and SK Innovations of South Korea will **stump up** $7bn and $4.4bn, respectively, for three joint gigafactories in America.

Answer 20

kiedyś, dawniej The woes show the stark turn of fortunes for the **once-hot** maker of connected-fitness equipment, which like other pandemic winners are grappling with reduced interest in their products as U.S. consumers revert to prepandemic behavior.

Answer 21

brutalne przebudzenie; gorzkie rozczarowanie **Rude awakening** ahead for young employees

Answer 22

to carry off Many more showy corporations aim for that under the trendy slogan of “stakeholder capitalism”. Few **carry it off** as convincingly as Mars.

Answer 23

tarapaty, masakra, pasztet Paying billions for access to the Indian consumer is one thing for Reliance, with its aim to dominate all things digital in its home market. For Disney, the loss looks like a **sticky wicket** avoided.

Answer 24

najbardziej podstawowa wersja Founded in 1937, Massachusetts-based Sonesta once owned luxury hotels such as New York’s Plaza andWashington’sMayflower.When I was in college in the 1980s, the group’s pyramid-shaped Cambridge hotel was a hot place to take visiting parents (and their credit cards) for brunch. But as large hotel chains transformed into managers and marketers of stables of carefully delineated brands ranging fromposh to **bare bones**, Sonesta withered.

Answer 25

astute Fast had set in vestors’ pulses racing, too. It raised $125m between 2019 and 2021, including from some of Silicon Valley’s most **astute** venture capitalists at firms like Kleiner Perkins and Index Ventures.

Answer 26

przyczółek For a company like Paramount, which plans to launch its own streaming service in India in 2023, the IPF serves as a **beachhead**. For Reliance, India’ s dominant digital platform, it is a way to engage the 400m Indians that already subscribe to its mobile network, Jio—and to get them to spend more on Reliance’s multiplying offerings.

Answer 27

ostrzegać, doradzać When George Bush coined the phrase “kinder, gentler nation,” he probably didn’t know it would catch on. And on, and on, and on. In Detroit, new road signs **admonish** motorists to be “kinder, gentler, safer drivers.” In Windsor, Ontario, a strip joint advertises itself as a “kinder, gentler adult entertainment center.”

Answer 28

chassis [czesi] Henry Ford often sourced raw materials , like rubber for tyres and steel for **chassis**, from plantations and blast furnaces owned by his firm. His River Rouge factory in Detroit w as powered by coal from Ford mines.

Answer 29

nook “Guests really want to come into a space where they can be in the open but also in their own **nook**,” Patton explains. “Together, but alone-together.”

Answer 30

to foot the bill As “asset light” hoteliers, Hilton, IHG and the other big chains use such standards to ensure guests receive a uniform experience. But expansive requirements – particularly for physical standards, known as ADC (architecture, design and construction) – can and do lead to resentment among building owners and franchisees who have to **foot the bills**.

Answer 31

obudowa (case), podwozie samochodu, kształt Henry Ford often sourced raw materials , like rubber for tyres and steel for **chassis**, from plantations and blast furnaces owned by his firm. His River Rouge factory in Detroit was powered by coal from Ford mines.

Answer 32

wymagający, wytrawny Every Bennett Winch product is handmade in England. Using traditional skills and materials, we engineer accessories tailored to a contemporary world. Our products are designed for the **discerning** minimalists; those who seek to own fewer, better things.

Answer 33

confectioner At a time when people needed calories at low cost, it took off . With brands like M&Ms, Mars , based since 1974 in McLean, Virginia, is now the world’s biggest **confectioner**.

Answer 34

mieć pierwszeństwo przed czymś, być ważniejszym od czegoś Job security will again **take precedence over** job hopping. Surging prices and a wave of layoffs would give younger workers a newfound appreciation for their paychecks.

Answer 35

znaleźć równowagę Forget wishy-washy stakeholderism. Mars Inc **gets the balance right**.

Answer 36

once The woes show the stark turn of fortunes for the **once-hot** maker of connected-fitness equipment, which like other pandemic winners are grappling with reduced interest in their products as U.S. consumers revert to prepandemic behavior.

Answer 37

to jolt We once thought the future of transportation meant George Jetson’s flying car. Instead, we got Elon Musk’s Tesla—the company and the electric car—whose twin successes **jolted** the global automotive industry and are speeding the (eventual) demise of the internal combustion engine.

Answer 38

to call for Hybrids are particularly complicated, requiring both a traditional combustion engine that needs the air, fuel, and exhaust systems of a conventional automobile, and a battery-powered motor that **calls for** high-voltage electronics and a heavy battery pack.

Answer 39

high-powered MBA courses used to focus on number-crunching and business strategy. Executives must still master these skills. Yet the corporate world has changed since the MBA first became a rite of passage for **high-powered** executives.

Answer 40

ekstra, odlotowy Gil Marsden, a documentary-filmdirector, found himself and his crew booked into three Sonestas over a short period of time. One was a bare-bones, extended-stay hotel, while the other two were full-service properties with **snazzy** ballrooms and room service.

Answer 41

to stump up Plans for such fully fledged in-house battery units remain rare. Most companies still prefer to team up with specialist producers. Ford and SK Innovations of South Korea will **stump up** $7bn and $4.4bn, respectively, for three joint gigafactories in America.

Answer 42

to take the edge off Digging through the focus groups, they found that almost everyone, even business travellers, was seeking a way to **take the edge off**. “We heard the word ‘relax’ across all of the traveller categories a shocking amount of time,” says Douglas Spitzer, Catch’s cofounder. “We never really heard that outside of a vacation in the past.”

Answer 43

dotrzeć (do jakiegoś miejsca) On the flip side, I’ve found that for those who were in poor health, starting them with good eating habits helped get them into exercise. This is because losing weight is often easier to accomplish by changes in diet than by **hitting** the gym three times a week.

Answer 44

zaczynać wykonywać, dostawać się (do jakiegoś zawodu) The move would mark the first time that VW has created a new brand based in the U.S. VW’s leadership hopes the Scout name can help the company **break into** the hardfought and highly profitable American market for big SUVs and pickup trucks. VW hopes to eventually sell up to 250,000 Scout-branded vehicles a year in the U.S., with production set to start in 2026, the people said.

Answer 45

juice Range anxiety is still the No. 1 reason why people don’t buy EVs.We need much better infrastructure to enable drivers to go from New York to California without worrying about running out of **juice**.

Answer 46

przejawiać Shocked, it would seem, by the boldness of his initial statement—the universe creates itself ex nihilo—Dennett hedges his bet by qualifying nothing as perhaps “something well-nigh indistinguishable from nothing,” and in so doing ruins his own argument because, as William Lane Craig explains, his “caveat **evinces** a lack of appreciation of the metaphysical chasm between being and nothingness.

Answer 47

to make the cut Of course, most of the screen time dwelt on iOS 16, iPadOS 16, WatchOS 9 and MacOS Ventura, the updates expected to be free this fall. Free for those of you with supported devices, that is. (Sorry iPhone 7 users, you didn’t **make the cut**.)

Answer 48

mocna strona, mocny punkt It soon became apparent that metaphysics, which deals with being qua being and, therefore, the Being, who is simultaneously necessary existence and necessary essence, was not their **strong suit**.

Answer 49

to jolt Those pressures have eased, though supply shocks are still **jolting** prices.

Answer 50

mokry (grunt), rozmoczony (np. chleb) To test the packaging, she added, “We take these salads and we’ll drive them around and spin them like a driver would do.” They spent a year nailing the gluten-free pizza dough, which she said typically tastes like **soggy** cardboard.

Answer 51

to dial in In other words, they know their passions and set up time to **dial in** the skills that will turn those passions into proficiencies. This means high performers approach their learning not as generalists but as specialists.

Answer 52

to overshoot Also on Tuesday, Carvana Inc. said it plans to lay off 12% of its workforce and the company’s chief executive said the online car seller had **overshot** its growth strategy.

Answer 53

hardfought The move would mark the first time that VW has created a new brand based in the U.S. VW’s leadership hopes the Scout name can help the company break into the **hardfought** and highly profitable American market for big SUVs and pickup trucks. VW hopes to eventually sell up to 250,000 Scout-branded vehicles a year in the U.S., with production set to start in 2026, the people said.

Answer 54

full stack Doing everything under one roof is an idea both old and new. Tesla’s industrial system is at first glance an embrace of Silicon Valley’s “**full stack** ”—internalising all aspects of production, and therefore all the profits. Elon Musk, Tesla’s opinionated boss, once claimed that his company was “absurdly vertically integrated” by any standard, not just the car industry’s.

Answer 55

niesystematyczny; chaotyczny Here’s the big distinction: High performers are also working on skills that focus on what I call their primary field of interest (PFI). They aren’t **scattershot** learners. They’ve homed in on their passionate interests, and they set up activities or routines to develop skill in those areas.

Answer 56

w pełni skoncentrować się na robieniu czegoś In other words, they know their passions and set up time to **dial in** the skills that will turn those passions into proficiencies. This means high performers approach their learning not as generalists but as specialists.

Answer 57

zaciekły (np. bitwa); z trudem zdobyty, drogo okupiony The move would mark the first time that VW has created a new brand based in the U.S. VW’s leadership hopes the Scout name can help the company break into the **hardfought** and highly profitable American market for big SUVs and pickup trucks. VW hopes to eventually sell up to 250,000 Scout-branded vehicles a year in the U.S., with production set to start in 2026, the people said.

Answer 58

edgy Sonesta’s rethink of post-pandemic travel looks a lot more like a series of tweaks than a wholesale shake-up. And compared to some of the **edgier** offerings at the bigger chains, the branding is relatively vanilla.

Answer 59

slick The family enlisted San Francisco-based design firm Bamo – whose work ranges from the **slick** Capella in Bangkok to Villa Feltrinelli on neighbouring Lake Garda (a sort of Holy Grail of old-school hotel maximalism) – to shape the initial project.

Answer 60

latarnia Her original idea of putting local elements in each hotel was scrapped in favour of a more generic, and less expensive, theme: “Neighbourhood hotels made personal.” Lighting aimed at making the hotels’ outdoor space more welcoming was toned down from fancy **lanterns** to string lights.

Answer 61

mandate Spiritual growth is an odd **mandate** for business schools preparing graduates to make manna in a secular world. One such institution, HEC Paris, has nevertheless decided to send students on a trek through the French countryside to a remote village, where a Benedictine monk (a former lawyer) guides them through ethical dilemmas.

Answer 62

zbyt pewny siebie; zbyt dumny Guidance funds have a dual aim. They are meant to counter the “disorderly expansion of capital” (Communist Party speak for China’ s consumer-internet industry getting **too big for its boots**).

Answer 63

organizowanie przy użyciu minimalnych zasobów (np. samofinansowanie przy niewielkich zasobach) Ironically, the man who made the biggest philosophical gaffe was Daniel Dennett, the Gang of Four’s only philosopher. In his book Breaking the Spell, Dennett insists the universe “perform [s] a version of the ultimate **bootstrapping** trick; it creates itself ex nihilo. Or at any rate out of something that is well-nigh indistinguishable from nothing at all.”

Answer 64

zmieniać coś w coś By the government’s own reckoning, failure to mobilise private capital would **make the funds into** just another state subsidy. In practice, the role of the private sector is fuzzy and constricted.

Answer 65

nie trafić, minąć (np. cel, tarczę); przejechać (np. stację, znak drogowy, ulicę) Also on Tuesday, Carvana Inc. said it plans to lay off 12% of its workforce and the company’s chief executive said the online car seller had **overshot** its growth strategy.

Answer 66

to lampoon The “kinder and gentler” saying and Bush’s “thousand points of light” remark frequently have been **lampooned** by cartoonists and others who have poked fun at the attempt at presidential poetry. But the phrase isn’t without fans. “I think it’s probably going to be more successful than ‘Where’s the beef?’ ” said Charlie Claggett, chief creative officer for the advertising agency D’Arcy Masius Benton & Bowles in St. Louis. “Where’s the beef?” was the Wendy’s hamburger restaurant slogan co-opted during a 1984 presidential candidate debate by Democratic nominee Walter F. Mondale against then-President Ronald Reagan.

Answer 67

to pull forward Then, we see contactless digital technologies that were **pulled forward** by the Covid pandemic. The convenience these technologies can deliver to end users will become a big deal.

Answer 68

bystry, przenikliwy (w radzeniu sobie z ludźmi, problemami) Fast had set in vestors’ pulses racing, too. It raised $125m between 2019 and 2021, including from some of Silicon Valley’s most **astute** venture capitalists at firms like Kleiner Perkins and Index Ventures.

Answer 69

urywek, strzęp (np. konwersacji, muzyki) Picture a computer that could finish your sentences, using a better turn of phrase; or use a **snatch of** melody to compose music that sounds as if you wrote it (though you never would have); or solve a problem by creating hundreds of lines of computer code—leaving you to focus on something even harder.

Answer 70

to constrict By the government’s own reckoning, failure to mobilise private capital would make the funds into just another state subsidy. In practice, the role of the private sector is fuzzy and **constricted**.

Answer 71

inspekcja People close to Ms. Sandberg say that while the **review** has irked her in recent months, it played no role in her decision to leave the company later this year. “Sheryl did not inappropriately use company resources in connection with the planning of her wedding,” a spokeswoman for Ms. Sandberg said last week.

Answer 72

zaskoczyć kogoś The MacBook Air got a new look and the more powerful, battery-efficient M2 chip. It ditches the classic Air wedge for all straight edges, and there’s a new deep-blue color option. One feature that made me **double-take**: The MagSafe charging cable is back. So if you trip on your power cord, that detaches without taking your whole laptop with it.

Answer 73

to run its course The startup slump is only just beginning to **run its course**. Investors are warning their portfolio companies to keep enough money in the bank to last until 2025. Many firms will fail to do this and go the way of Fast.

Answer 74

kaprys, zachcianka In addition to Crabit and his team, there are some 20 staffers on call to fulfil the **whims** of guests around the clock, including four sales associates at the ready for midnight shopping sprees (or any time you feel the urge). Guests have access too to the storied haute couture salons, a spacious and elegantly appointed space flanked by 10 bay windows that occupies the coveted corner position overlooking the neighbourhood dining institution, L’Avenue.

Answer 75

blichtr RMR exhibits little to no **glitz**, no wacky branding gurus, not even one celebrity heiress.

Answer 76

być rozważanym The policies **under consideration** include faster and more decisive reform of Taiwan’s undertrained reserve force; building distributed power and communications systems, which Chinese cyber and missile attacks could not knock out; hardening command and control systems; planning for basic goods supplies in wartime; and assigning administrative responsibilities for civil defence.

Answer 77

mieć duże znaczenie bardzo pomóc znacząco przyczynić się In theory it shouldn’t be that hard to get hotel branding right, Hutson says. “Basics will **go a long way**. The minimum you want from a hotel is a really great mattress, enough water pressure in the shower, and you want it to be dark and quiet and the pillow to be soft. It is not rocket science.”

Answer 78

as for **As for** sales, the established giants have no intention of dismantling the time-honoured dealership system. It serves useful functions in servicing, for example—as Tesla’s longr-unning struggles in this are a illustrate.

Answer 79

germane That comes with some big investments, such as $1bn to support sustainable initiatives such as renewable energy, and a policy of paying its taxes in full. But when it talks about these publicly, it is mostly because they are **germane** to its business. It does not wade into political debates, nor does it pontificate on every social issue.

Answer 80

rude awakening **Rude awakening** ahead for young employees

Answer 81

dostępny od ręki Buying **off-the-shelf** electric motors is also falling out of favour. Hyundai and the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi carmaking alliance are mostly going it alone. BMW, Ford, GM, Mercedes and VW are planning to make more motors in their own factories.

Answer 82

discerning Every Bennett Winch product is handmade in England. Using traditional skills and materials, we engineer accessories tailored to a contemporary world. Our products are designed for the **discerning** minimalists; those who seek to own fewer, better things.

Answer 83

ruszyć pełną parą Efforts to emulate Tesla’s battery giga-factories are also **getting into gear**. Carmakers are hoping to break the stranglehold of China and South Korea on battery-making, bringing production closer to home to keep costs in check and supplies reliable. Volkswagen is creating some in-house battery-making capacity.

Answer 84

zaległości (nagromadzone zaległe rzeczy do wykonania); gromadzenie się (zwłaszcza o zaległościach) Chief Executive Barry McCarthy, who took over in February, said Tuesday the cash infusion was needed because the company was thinly capitalized and loaded with costly **backlogs** of unsold bikes and treadmills.

Answer 85

to master Evolution “soon **mastered** the mind of all Europe,”35 including the universities where anthropology departments agreed “that the figure of the sky-god must be got rid of from the earliest stages of religion, as being too high and incomprehensible.”

Answer 86

siła, moc, prąd, alkohol, doping Range anxiety is still the No. 1 reason why people don’t buy EVs.We need much better infrastructure to enable drivers to go from New York to California without worrying about running out of **juice**.

Answer 87

kącik; wnęka “Guests really want to come into a space where they can be in the open but also in their own **nook**,” Patton explains. “Together, but alone-together.”

Answer 88

sticky wicket Paying billions for access to the Indian consumer is one thing for Reliance, with its aim to dominate all things digital in its home market. For Disney, the loss looks like a **sticky wicket** avoided.

Answer 89

to ink Last year Stellantis and Renault each signed deals with Vulcan Energy Resources, and GM revealed a “multimilliondollar investment” in Controlled Thermal Resources, in each case for lithium. In April Ford **inked** a deal with Lake Resources for the same mineral, while Stellantis and Mercedes entered an arrangement with Umicore, a Belgian chemicals giant, to supply cathode materials for ACC, the two carmakers’ battery joint venture.

Answer 90

to tailgate In both respects, control and startupiness, Big Auto wants to be more like Tesla, the world’ s undisputed EV champion. As with earlier examples of **tailgating** a rival that tries something that works , from Ford’s moving assembly line or Toyota’s just-in-time manufacturing, Teslafication of the car business will prove disruptive.

Answer 91

time-honoured As for sales, the established giants have no intention of dismantling the **time-honoured** dealership system. It serves useful functions in servicing, for example—as Tesla’s longr-unning struggles in this are a illustrate.

Answer 92

próba Training a really large system such as **go**ogle’s PaLM costs more than $ 10m a go and requires access to huge amounts of data—the more computing power and the more data the better. This raises the spectre of a technology concentrated in the hands of a small number of tech companies or governments.

Answer 93

to be under consideration The policies **under consideration** include faster and more decisive reform of Taiwan’s undertrained reserve force; building distributed power and communications systems, which Chinese cyber and missile attacks could not knock out; hardening command and control systems; planning for basic goods supplies in wartime; and assigning administrative responsibilities for civil defence.

Answer 94

popisywać się, przechwalać się For loyal Dior clients around the world ready to travel again – access to the suite is initially available only to top clients, via the retail sales teams – these privileges are the ultimate IRL **flex**: “Luxury is an emotion, an experience, to share with your friends,” says Beccari. “So much is said about the metaverse and digital, but it’s far from the same thing.”

Answer 95

zakwalifikować się Of course, most of the screen time dwelt on iOS 16, iPadOS 16, WatchOS 9 and MacOS Ventura, the updates expected to be free this fall. Free for those of you with supported devices, that is. (Sorry iPhone 7 users, you didn’t **make the cut**.)

Answer 96

armatura, osprzęt, urządzenie Mostly they just bought what they loved without knowing where it would go, and usually a good place in the villa revealed itself.” The De Santises commissioned the Murano glassmakers Barovier & Toso to design sconces and chandeliers for the entire villa, including six spectacular two-metre-tall **fixture**s set into the windows of the triple-height entrance hall.

Answer 97

sądowy zakaz zbliżania się do kogoś Some Meta board members have been frustrated with Ms. Sandberg’s handling of a situation in which she helped press a U.K. tabloid to shelve an article about her former boyfriend, Activision Blizzard Inc. Chief Executive Bobby Kotick, and a 2014 temporary **restraining order** against him. The matter also became a part of the broader investigation, according to people familiar with the matter.

Answer 98

glitz RMR exhibits little to no **glitz**, no wacky branding gurus, not even one celebrity heiress.

Answer 99

eye-catching Amonth earlier BYD, a more Teslalike Chinese firm that started out making phone batteries before turning into one of the world’s biggest EV-makers, announced a nearly $500m investment in a Chinese lithium miner. It is said to have bought six mines in Africa. The terms of such deals are as opaque as the sums involved are **eye-catching**. Car bosses agree that they will become commonplace.

Answer 100

chwiejny, niezdecydowany Forget **wishy-washy** stakeholderism. Mars Inc gets the balance right.

Answer 101

proposition When E. B. Tylor’s student, Andrew Lang, pointed out how the evidence in the field contradicted the regnant English ideology which sought to make sense of it, he was blacklisted by the anthropology profession because he had destroyed one of the fundamental **propositions** of Evolutionism which puts all that is low and simple at the beginning, all that is higher and of worth being regarded only as the product of a longer or shorter process of development.

Answer 102

to break into The move would mark the first time that VW has created a new brand based in the U.S. VW’s leadership hopes the Scout name can help the company **break into** the hardfought and highly profitable American market for big SUVs and pickup trucks. VW hopes to eventually sell up to 250,000 Scout-branded vehicles a year in the U.S., with production set to start in 2026, the people said.

Answer 103

pełen zakres kompleksowe podejście umiejętność zbudowania czegoś od początku do końca *the entirety of a computer system or application, comprising both the front end and the back end* Doing everything under one roof is an idea both old and new. Tesla’s industrial system is at first glance an embrace of Silicon Valley’s “**full stack** ”—internalising all aspects of production, and therefore all the profits. Elon Musk, Tesla’s opinionated boss, once claimed that his company was “absurdly vertically integrated” by any standard, not just the car industry’s.

Answer 104

na pęczki (bardzo wiele) In large markets like the US, a hotel’s brand is crucial because travellers have many options and relatively few sources of reliable advice beyond online booking sites. Guidebooks and listicles about Paris are **a dime a dozen**; the same is less true for Cincinnati, Ohio or Richmond, Virginia.

Answer 105

to laser in on something If they love music, they **laser in on** what kind of music they want to learn, and then study it. Their PFI is specific.

Answer 106

kontrolować, panować (nad sytuacją); opanować (wiedzę); Evolution “soon **mastered** the mind of all Europe,”35 including the universities where anthropology departments agreed “that the figure of the sky-god must be got rid of from the earliest stages of religion, as being too high and incomprehensible.”

Answer 107

poderwać kogoś do działania The Taiwanese government has also been **jolted into action** by the Ukraine war. Senior officials say the government of president Tsai Ing-wen is now laserfocused on making the country more resilient to a Chinese attack.

Answer 108

beachhead For a company like Paramount, which plans to launch its own streaming service in India in 2023, the IPF serves as a **beachhead**. For Reliance, India’ s dominant digital platform, it is a way to engage the 400m Indians that already subscribe to its mobile network, Jio—and to get them to spend more on Reliance’s multiplying offerings.

Answer 109

kierować kimś (co tobą kieruje), napędzać kogoś, kręcić kogoś Hybrids “should be a transitory technology,” says Terrence Curtin, CEO of auto supplier TE Connectivity (TEL), while noting that Toyota will have to “play a little bit of catch up.” Ford’s chief executive, Jim Farley, who worked at Toyota from 1990 to 2007, helping launch the Toyota Tundra full-size pickup, says simply, “I don’t know what **makes them tick**.”

Answer 110

kupa czegoś (np. forsy) Crazy standards are one thing, but unless we deliver the best guest experience we can, based on what our guests are telling us, they don’tmean a whole **heck of a lot**.”

Answer 111

na miejscu *in a place where real, practical work is done* Overnight, signs that read Courtyard, Candlewood Suites and Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza came down, replaced by newly invented brand names and signage. The hotel buildings themselves and **on-the-ground** staff remained the same.

Answer 112

elegancki The family enlisted San Francisco-based design firm Bamo – whose work ranges from the **slick** Capella in Bangkok to Villa Feltrinelli on neighbouring Lake Garda (a sort of Holy Grail of old-school hotel maximalism) – to shape the initial project.

Answer 113

wpływowy MBA courses used to focus on number-crunching and business strategy. Executives must still master these skills. Yet the corporate world has changed since the MBA first became a rite of passage for **high-powered** executives.

Answer 114

przyspieszyć coś (zrealizować wcześniej) Then, we see contactless digital technologies that were **pulled forward** by the Covid pandemic. The convenience these technologies can deliver to end users will become a big deal.

Answer 115

nad-, ponad-, powyżej- Thus in all these attributes this exalted figure furnished primitive man with the ability to live and love, to trust and to work, the prospect of becoming the master of the world and not its slave, and the aspiration to attain to yet higher, **supra**-mundane goals beyond.

Answer 116

łączyć; stapiać (dwie rzeczy w jedną) Just as a rapid succession of still photographs gives the sensation of movement, so trillions of binary computational decisions **fuse** into a simulacrum of fluid human comprehension and creativity that, whatever the philosophers may say, looks a lot lik e the real thing.

Answer 117

snatch of something Picture a computer that could finish your sentences, using a better turn of phrase; or use a **snatch of** melody to compose music that sounds as if you wrote it (though you never would have); or solve a problem by creating hundreds of lines of computer code—leaving you to focus on something even harder.

Answer 118

animal spirits The Optics Valley Hi-Tech Venture Capital Guidance Fund aims to combine the **animal spirits** of private capital with the industrial objectives of the state.

Answer 119

to be all things to all people Toyota management doesn’t see it that way.With sport utility vehicles like the RAV4, popular sedans like the Camry, and even minivans such as the Sienna, Toyota has been able to **be all things to all people**.

Answer 120

duża, kosztowna impreza lub produkcja telewizyjna The indian premier league is awash with cash. CVC Capital, a European buyout firm, paid $750m for the Gujarat Titans, one of the crick et **extravaganza**’s newest teams.

Answer 121

zagłuszyć (np. inny dźwięk) So many visitors travel the 100 miles from Manhattan by air that the tiny airport in the wealthy town of East Hampton has helicopters or planes landing or taking off every 90 seconds on some summer days. Locals say the noise disturbs their barbecues and **drowns out** conversations.

Answer 122

w pobliżu Taiwan came into renewed focus as an increasingly dangerous flashpoint just days after Biden’s inauguration last year when Chinese warplanes simulated missile attacks on a US aircraft carrier sailing **in the vicinity** of the country. Over the following months, China then boosted the tempo and size of fighter jet and bomber sorties near Taiwan.

Answer 123

restraining order Some Meta board members have been frustrated with Ms. Sandberg’s handling of a situation in which she helped press a U.K. tabloid to shelve an article about her former boyfriend, Activision Blizzard Inc. Chief Executive Bobby Kotick, and a 2014 temporary **restraining order** against him. The matter also became a part of the broader investigation, according to people familiar with the matter.

Answer 124

to admonish When George Bush coined the phrase “kinder, gentler nation,” he probably didn’t know it would catch on. And on, and on, and on. In Detroit, new road signs **admonish** motorists to be “kinder, gentler, safer drivers.” In Windsor, Ontario, a strip joint advertises itself as a “kinder, gentler adult entertainment center.”

Answer 125

to jolt somebody into action The Taiwanese government has also been **jolted into action** by the Ukraine war. Senior officials say the government of president Tsai Ing-wen is now laserfocused on making the country more resilient to a Chinese attack.

Answer 126

a heck of a lot of Crazy standards are one thing, but unless we deliver the best guest experience we can, based on what our guests are telling us, they don’tmean a whole **heck of a lot**.”

Answer 127

imprimatur The Joy of GOOPING. Gwyneth Paltrow is taking her lifestyle **imprimatur** to the kitchen.

Answer 128

to get the balance right Forget wishy-washy stakeholderism. Mars Inc **gets the balance right**.

Answer 129

nudny, przeciętny Sonesta’s rethink of post-pandemic travel looks a lot more like a series of tweaks than a wholesale shake-up. And compared to some of the edgier offerings at the bigger chains, the branding is relatively **vanilla**.

Answer 130

wishy-washy Forget **wishy-washy** stakeholderism. Mars Inc gets the balance right.

Answer 131

bootstrapping Ironically, the man who made the biggest philosophical gaffe was Daniel Dennett, the Gang of Four’s only philosopher. In his book Breaking the Spell, Dennett insists the universe “perform [s] a version of the ultimate **bootstrapping** trick; it creates itself ex nihilo. Or at any rate out of something that is well-nigh indistinguishable from nothing at all.”

Answer 132

blunder Hitchens referred to Dennett’s rhetorical **blunder** as a “cringe-making proposal,” but, “it perfectly encapsulates the self-satisfaction of the secularist mentality: ‘Were intelligent, informed, and rational, while religious believers are stupid, ignorant, and irrational, not at all bright like us.’”

Answer 133

cringe-making Hitchens referred to Dennett’s rhetorical blunder as a “**cringe-making** proposal,” but, “it perfectly encapsulates the self-satisfaction of the secularist mentality: ‘Were intelligent, informed, and rational, while religious believers are stupid, ignorant, and irrational, not at all bright like us.’”

Answer 134

be too big for one's boots Guidance funds have a dual aim. They are meant to counter the “disorderly expansion of capital” (Communist Party speak for China’ s consumer-internet industry getting **too big for its boots**).

Answer 135

natknąć się na coś; zacząć coś robić przez przypadek Manoukian, 58, is a fast walker and a faster talker. Leaving Lebanon for the US as a teenager, she studied chemistry in college and **stumbled into** hospitality after seeing a “help wanted” sign. She rose rapidly, becoming Sheraton’s youngest hotel general manager at the age of 29.

Answer 136

to put one's money where one's mouth is “The large brands have no skin in the game. They don’t own hotels. When they say, ‘You have to rip out your tubs and put in showers, or you have to have 24-hour room service, even if you have an empty hotel’, franchisees don’t like rules that don’t make sense,”Murray says. “When we come up with brand standards… we have to live with them. We’re **putting our money where our mouth is**.”

Answer 137

ośmieszyć, wykpić The “kinder and gentler” saying and Bush’s “thousand points of light” remark frequently have been **lampooned** by cartoonists and others who have poked fun at the attempt at presidential poetry. But the phrase isn’t without fans. “I think it’s probably going to be more successful than ‘Where’s the beef?’ ” said Charlie Claggett, chief creative officer for the advertising agency D’Arcy Masius Benton & Bowles in St. Louis. “Where’s the beef?” was the Wendy’s hamburger restaurant slogan co-opted during a 1984 presidential candidate debate by Democratic nominee Walter F. Mondale against then-President Ronald Reagan.

Answer 138

ulotny Tiere is no third thing between being and non-being; if anything at all exists, however **ethereal**, it is something and therefore not nothing.

Answer 139

zapłacić rachunek, uregulować rachunek, ponieść koszty As “asset light” hoteliers, Hilton, IHG and the other big chains use such standards to ensure guests receive a uniform experience. But expansive requirements – particularly for physical standards, known as ADC (architecture, design and construction) – can and do lead to resentment among building owners and franchisees who have to **foot the bills**.

Answer 140

ponad One September afternoon in 2020, Vera Manoukian received a call from a recruiter on behalf of a hotel chain making ambitious expansion plans. Would she, the caller inquired, want to be chief operating officer of Sonesta International as it ramped up from just 58 properties to more than 1,100, with **upwards of** 100,000 rooms?

Answer 141

to make someone double-take The MacBook Air got a new look and the more powerful, battery-efficient M2 chip. It ditches the classic Air wedge for all straight edges, and there’s a new deep-blue color option. One feature that made me **double-take**: The MagSafe charging cable is back. So if you trip on your power cord, that detaches without taking your whole laptop with it.

Answer 142

not least Although the pace of fundraising has slowed since its peak in 2016, **not least** to allow the vehicles to deploy their copious dry powder , the government’ s role has been entrenched.

Answer 143

jeśli chodzi o **As for** sales, the established giants have no intention of dismantling the time-honoured dealership system. It serves useful functions in servicing, for example—as Tesla’s longr-unning struggles in this are a illustrate.

Answer 144

bolt-on Carlos Tavares, chief executive of Stellantis, an ItalianAmerican giant (whose big shareholder, Exor, also owns a stake in The Economist’s parent company), has said that his cars are 85% “**bolt-on** parts”. MercedesBenz estimates its value-added split at 70/30 in favour of suppliers.

Answer 145

tępy, nierozgarnięty By the time the new atheism reached its apogee, public profession of atheism had become a sign of superior intelligence, as when Daniel Dennett wrote an article in the New York Times suggesting that atheists should call themselves “brights” to distinguish themselves from religious believers, who were by definition **dim-witted**.

Answer 146

litmus paper CHRISTINA NAJJAR, BETTER known as Tinx on Instagram and TikTok, where she has nearly 2 million followers combined, has a **litmus test**. “I always think it’s a testament, especially in L.A., how far you’ll drive for something,” she told me early this March. She lives in West Hollywood, literally over hills and far away from both of the two Goop Kitchen locations, in Santa Monica and Studio City.

Answer 147

to obliterate But after Rene Descartes’ mentor Father Marin Mersenne **obliterated** Robert Fludd in a celebrated exchange, the magical version of weaponized English cosmology launched by John Dee fell on hard times and would not revive until the time of Isaac Newton, who reinvented it as “science.”

Answer 148

loteria The only thing they seemed to have in common was a name he hadn’t heard of. “They don’t feel like they are big enough to have different brands,” says Marsden. “It’s a **crapshoot**.”

Answer 149

laundry list Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference (aka WWDC) typically kicks off with a **laundry list** of the new free features coming to iPhones, iPads, Apple Watches and Macs in the fall. In other words, software.

Answer 150

to wash over Fast’s demise is a sign of that the years-long startup boom is going through a sharp correction. Soaring inflation, supply chain chaos and the war in Ukraine are causing a wave of uncertainty to **wash over** the global economy.

Answer 151

scattershot Here’s the big distinction: High performers are also working on skills that focus on what I call their primary field of interest (PFI). They aren’t **scattershot** learners. They’ve homed in on their passionate interests, and they set up activities or routines to develop skill in those areas.

Answer 152

to up one's game “People often compare how Apple developed its A-series chipsets on their own, and how quickly they were able to **up their game**, but in some ways a modem is more complex,” says Mr. Sangam.

Answer 153

in full bloom The year 1859 saw the new development **in full bloom**: in England, a geological authority, Sir Charles Lyell revealed a new chapter in human history, hitherto concealed under the ground and its revelations extended to far-distant millennia.

Answer 154

to make something into something By the government’s own reckoning, failure to mobilise private capital would **make the funds into** just another state subsidy. In practice, the role of the private sector is fuzzy and constricted.

Answer 155

whim In addition to Crabit and his team, there are some 20 staffers on call to fulfil the **whims** of guests around the clock, including four sales associates at the ready for midnight shopping sprees (or any time you feel the urge). Guests have access too to the storied haute couture salons, a spacious and elegantly appointed space flanked by 10 bay windows that occupies the coveted corner position overlooking the neighbourhood dining institution, L’Avenue.

Answer 156

fitful For car bosses, that means more headaches, as they consider how best to deploy their firms’ resources and skills, without provoking a backlash from governments and unions fearful of the loss of well-paying manufacturing jobs. As a result, the sector’s Teslafication drive will be uneven and **fitful**. But the direction of travel is unmistakably Muskian.

Answer 157

trwać wiecznie In that book, Smith took the Newtonian principles of gravity and inertia and re-baptized them as economic forces, henceforth known as self-interest and competition, thereby introducing a crippling distortion into the science of economics which has **perdured** to this day by wrenching it from its proper matrix in moral philosophy (the subject Smith taught at the University of Edinburgh) and turning it into pseudo-physics.

Answer 158

skrócić coś (np. listę) The hotels offer few amenities to boast about, but the staff quickly become familiar faces. So the branding team **boiled down** the proposition for the range of properties, called Simply Suites, to offering rooms that have “everything you need and nothing you don’t”.

Answer 159

in the vicinity Taiwan came into renewed focus as an increasingly dangerous flashpoint just days after Biden’s inauguration last year when Chinese warplanes simulated missile attacks on a US aircraft carrier sailing **in the vicinity** of the country. Over the following months, China then boosted the tempo and size of fighter jet and bomber sorties near Taiwan.

Answer 160

rozkaz, zlecenie, polecenie Spiritual growth is an odd **mandate** for business schools preparing graduates to make manna in a secular world. One such institution, HEC Paris, has nevertheless decided to send students on a trek through the French countryside to a remote village, where a Benedictine monk (a former lawyer) guides them through ethical dilemmas.

Answer 161

istotny That comes with some big investments, such as $1bn to support sustainable initiatives such as renewable energy, and a policy of paying its taxes in full. But when it talks about these publicly, it is mostly because they are **germane** to its business. It does not wade into political debates, nor does it pontificate on every social issue.

Answer 162

ethereal Tiere is no third thing between being and non-being; if anything at all exists, however **ethereal**, it is something and therefore not nothing.

Answer 163

teething troubles In 2020 VW created a separate software arm, cariad, to sidestep its slow decision-making bureaucracy. Despite **teething troubles** with the programs for its id.3 hatchback that surfaced at the end of 2019, the firm has recently said that it aims to develop most of its own software in 15 years’ time, up from about 10% now.

Answer 164

to fuse Just as a rapid succession of still photographs gives the sensation of movement, so trillions of binary computational decisions **fuse** into a simulacrum of fluid human comprehension and creativity that, whatever the philosophers may say , looks a lot lik e the real thing.

Answer 165

więdnąć; zamierać Founded in 1937, Massachusetts-based Sonesta once owned luxury hotels such as New York’s Plaza andWashington’sMayflower.When I was in college in the 1980s, the group’s pyramid-shaped Cambridge hotel was a hot place to take visiting parents (and their credit cards) for brunch. But as large hotel chains transformed into managers and marketers of stables of carefully delineated brands ranging fromposh to bare bones, Sonesta **withered**.

Answer 166

extravaganza The indian premier league is awash with cash. CVC Capital, a European buyout firm, paid $750m for the Gujarat Titans, one of the crick et **extravaganza**’s newest teams.

Answer 167

a dime a dozen In large markets like the US, a hotel’s brand is crucial because travellers have many options and relatively few sources of reliable advice beyond online booking sites. Guidebooks and listicles about Paris are **a dime a dozen**; the same is less true for Cincinnati, Ohio or Richmond, Virginia.

Answer 168

to hit On the flip side, I’ve found that for those who were in poor health, starting them with good eating habits helped get them into exercise. This is because losing weight is often easier to accomplish by changes in diet than by **hitting** the gym three times a week.

Answer 169

to get one's hands dirty As demand for battery minerals, notably cobalt, lithium and nickel, and processing capacity continues to outstrip supply, car firms are striking deals which would have Henry Ford nodding with approval. **Getting their hands dirty** by shortcircuiting supply chains is, in the words of one former mining titan, “extraordinary”.

Answer 170

contingency Although those are stock phrases China has used before, the Pentagon calls 2027 a “new milestone”. “If realised, the PLA’s 2027 modernisation goals could provide Beijing with more credible military options in a Taiwan **contingency**,” it said in its annual report on the Chinese military last year.

Answer 171

to frame Newton was an alchemist like Dee, but he was clever enough to disguise it by claiming that he **framed** no hypotheses. The inverse square law may be true, but it cannot serve as the basis for cosmology.

Answer 172

wyrażenie, zwrot Picture a computer that could finish your sentences, using a better **turn of phrase**; or use a snatch of melody to compose music that sounds as if you wrote it (though you never would have); or solve a problem by creating hundreds of lines of computer code—leaving you to focus on something even harder.

Answer 173

to flex For loyal Dior clients around the world ready to travel again – access to the suite is initially available only to top clients, via the retail sales teams – these privileges are the ultimate IRL **flex**: “Luxury is an emotion, an experience, to share with your friends,” says Beccari. “So much is said about the metaverse and digital, but it’s far from the same thing.”

Answer 174

snazzy Gil Marsden, a documentary-filmdirector, found himself and his crew booked into three Sonestas over a short period of time. One was a bare-bones, extended-stay hotel, while the other two were full-service properties with **snazzy** ballrooms and room service.

Answer 175

w defensywie Yet while China’s ability to actually conduct an invasion remains unclear, the Chinese armed forces’ rapid modernisation has put its potential adversaries **on the back foot**.

Answer 176

liczyć się z kimś, czymś Workers of a certain age and attitude will have to **reckon with** the coming recession.

Answer 177

poprawić się w czymś “People often compare how Apple developed its A-series chipsets on their own, and how quickly they were able to **up their game**, but in some ways a modem is more complex,” says Mr. Sangam.

Answer 178

w pełnym rozkwicie, rozwinięty (np. pąk kwiatu) The year 1859 saw the new development **in full bloom**: in England, a geological authority, Sir Charles Lyell revealed a new chapter in human history, hitherto concealed under the ground and its revelations extended to far-distant millennia.

Answer 179

review People close to Ms. Sandberg say that while the **review** has irked her in recent months, it played no role in her decision to leave the company later this year. “Sheryl did not inappropriately use company resources in connection with the planning of her wedding,” a spokeswoman for Ms. Sandberg said last week.

Answer 180

podpisać (np. umowę) Last year Stellantis and Renault each signed deals with Vulcan Energy Resources, and GM revealed a “multimilliondollar investment” in Controlled Thermal Resources, in each case for lithium. In April Ford **inked** a deal with Lake Resources for the same mineral, while Stellantis and Mercedes entered an arrangement with Umicore, a Belgian chemicals giant, to supply cathode materials for ACC, the two carmakers’ battery joint venture.

Answer 181

to stumble into Manoukian, 58, is a fast walker and a faster talker. Leaving Lebanon for the US as a teenager, she studied chemistry in college and **stumbled into** hospitality after seeing a “help wanted” sign. She rose rapidly, becoming Sheraton’s youngest hotel general manager at the age of 29.

Answer 182

on the back foot Yet while China’s ability to actually conduct an invasion remains unclear, the Chinese armed forces’ rapid modernisation has put its potential adversaries **on the back foot**.

Answer 183

vanilla Sonesta’s rethink of post-pandemic travel looks a lot more like a series of tweaks than a wholesale shake-up. And compared to some of the edgier offerings at the bigger chains, the branding is relatively **vanilla**.

Answer 184

dobiec końca The startup slump is only just beginning to **run its course**. Investors are warning their portfolio companies to keep enough money in the bank to last until 2025. Many firms will fail to do this and go the way of Fast.

Answer 185

wigor, radość życia The Optics Valley Hi-Tech Venture Capital Guidance Fund aims to combine the **animal spirits** of private capital with the industrial objectives of the state.

Answer 186

wprawiający w zażenowanie Hitchens referred to Dennett’s rhetorical blunder as a “**cringe-making** proposal,” but, “it perfectly encapsulates the self-satisfaction of the secularist mentality: ‘Were intelligent, informed, and rational, while religious believers are stupid, ignorant, and irrational, not at all bright like us.’”

Answer 187

backlog Chief Executive Barry McCarthy, who took over in February, said Tuesday the cash infusion was needed because the company was thinly capitalized and loaded with costly **backlogs** of unsold bikes and treadmills.

Answer 188

to take precedence over something Job security will again **take precedence over** job hopping. Surging prices and a wave of layoffs would give younger workers a newfound appreciation for their paychecks.

Answer 189

namierzać coś, trafiać na coś Here’s the big distinction: High performers are also working on skills that focus on what I call their primary field of interest (PFI). They aren’t scattershot learners. They’ve **homed in on** their passionate interests, and they set up activities or routines to develop skill in those areas.

Answer 190

wymagać Hybrids are particularly complicated, requiring both a traditional combustion engine that needs the air, fuel, and exhaust systems of a conventional automobile, and a battery-powered motor that **calls for** high-voltage electronics and a heavy battery pack.

Answer 191

siedzieć komuś na ogonie In both respects, control and startupiness, Big Auto wants to be more like Tesla, the world’ s undisputed EV champion. As with earlier examples of **tailgating** a rival that tries something that works, from Ford’s moving assembly line or Toyota’s just-in-time manufacturing, Teslafication of the car business will prove disruptive.

Answer 192

gniew, niechęć, frustracja As “asset light” hoteliers, Hilton, IHG and the other big chains use such standards to ensure guests receive a uniform experience. But expansive requirements – particularly for physical standards, known as ADC (architecture, design and construction) – can and do lead to **resentment** among building owners and franchisees who have to foot the bills.

Answer 193

to wither Founded in 1937, Massachusetts-based Sonesta once owned luxury hotels such as New York’s Plaza andWashington’sMayflower.When I was in college in the 1980s, the group’s pyramid-shaped Cambridge hotel was a hot place to take visiting parents (and their credit cards) for brunch. But as large hotel chains transformed into managers and marketers of stables of carefully delineated brands ranging fromposh to bare bones, Sonesta **withered**.

Answer 194

twierdzenie, zdanie; wniosek When E. B. Tylor’s student, Andrew Lang, pointed out how the evidence in the field contradicted the regnant English ideology which sought to make sense of it, he was blacklisted by the anthropology profession because he had destroyed one of the fundamental **propositions** of Evolutionism which puts all that is low and simple at the beginning, all that is higher and of worth being regarded only as the product of a longer or shorter process of development.

Answer 195

uspokoić się, ochłonąć In Europe the average deal size actually edged up a bit. Well-capitalised companies smell opportunities . As the red-hot market for tech talent **cools off**, they will find it easier and cheaper to hire.

Answer 196

poradzić sobie z czymś Many more showy corporations aim for that under the trendy slogan of “stakeholder capitalism”. Few **carry it off** as convincingly as Mars.

Answer 197

modny; na czasie; awangardowy Sonesta’s rethink of post-pandemic travel looks a lot more like a series of tweaks than a wholesale shake-up. And compared to some of the **edgier** offerings at the bigger chains, the branding is relatively vanilla.

Answer 198

crapshoot The only thing they seemed to have in common was a name he hadn’t heard of. “They don’t feel like they are big enough to have different brands,” says Marsden. “It’s a **crapshoot**.”

Answer 199

niespokojny; nieregularny For car bosses, that means more headaches, as they consider how best to deploy their firms’ resources and skills, without provoking a backlash from governments and unions fearful of the loss of well-paying manufacturing jobs. As a result, the sector’s Teslafication drive will be uneven and **fitful**. But the direction of travel is unmistakably Muskian.

Answer 200

wyluzować się; odreagować Digging through the focus groups, they found that almost everyone, even business travellers, was seeking a way to **take the edge off**. “We heard the word ‘relax’ across all of the traveller categories a shocking amount of time,” says Douglas Spitzer, Catch’s cofounder. “We never really heard that outside of a vacation in the past.”

Answer 201

to perdure In that book, Smith took the Newtonian principles of gravity and inertia and re-baptized them as economic forces, henceforth known as self-interest and competition, thereby introducing a crippling distortion into the science of economics which has **perdured** to this day by wrenching it from its proper matrix in moral philosophy (the subject Smith taught at the University of Edinburgh) and turning it into pseudo-physics.

Answer 202

ubrudzić sobie ręce (ciężką pracą) As demand for battery minerals, notably cobalt, lithium and nickel, and processing capacity continues to outstrip supply, car firms are striking deals which would have Henry Ford nodding with approval. **Getting their hands dirty** by shortcircuiting supply chains is, in the words of one former mining titan, “extraordinary”.

Answer 203

długa lista Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference (aka WWDC) typically kicks off with a **laundry list** of the new free features coming to iPhones, iPads, Apple Watches and Macs in the fall. In other words, software.

Answer 204

wymazać, zatrzeć But after Rene Descartes’ mentor Father Marin Mersenne **obliterated** Robert Fludd in a celebrated exchange, the magical version of weaponized English cosmology launched by John Dee fell on hard times and would not revive until the time of Isaac Newton, who reinvented it as “science.”

Answer 205

wyprawa, długa wędrówka (piesza) Spiritual growth is an odd mandate for business schools preparing graduates to make manna in a secular world. One such institution, HEC Paris, has nevertheless decided to send students on a **trek** through the French countryside to a remote village, where a Benedictine monk (a former lawyer) guides them through ethical dilemmas.

Answer 206

formułować, tworzyć Newton was an alchemist like Dee, but he was clever enough to disguise it by claiming that he **framed** no hypotheses. The inverse square law may be true, but it cannot serve as the basis for cosmology.

Answer 207

cukiernik At a time when people needed calories at low cost, it took off . With brands like M&Ms, Mars , based since 1974 in McLean, Virginia, is now the world’s biggest **confectioner**.

Answer 208

efektowny, przyciągający wzrok Amonth earlier BYD, a more Teslalike Chinese firm that started out making phone batteries before turning into one of the world’s biggest EV-makers, announced a nearly $500m investment in a Chinese lithium miner. It is said to have bought six mines in Africa. The terms of such deals are as opaque as the sums involved are **eye-catching**. Car bosses agree that they will become commonplace.

Answer 209

zwariowany, odjechany RMR exhibits little to no glitz, no **wacky** branding gurus, not even one celebrity heiress.

Answer 210

derisive Non-traditional investors piled into speculative startups: venture arms of large companies from Salesforce to ExxonMobil, New York hedge funds such as Coatue and Tiger Global, Wall Street buyout barons and other “tourists”, as they are **derisively** known in VC’s Silicon Valley heartland. New tech hubs mushroomed around the world, from Beijing to Bangalore.

Answer 211

feature “We are indeed in the midst of very large-scale and thorough discussions both among ourselves and with the Americans right now about the things we need to do,” says one person familiar with the situation. “We are exploring a range of radically different ideas for making our country resilient, to build the **features** we need in wartime.”

Answer 212

nieprzewidziany wypadek, ewentualność Although those are stock phrases China has used before, the Pentagon calls 2027 a “new milestone”. “If realised, the PLA’s 2027 modernisation goals could provide Beijing with more credible military options in a Taiwan **contingency**,” it said in its annual report on the Chinese military last year.

Answer 213

opinionated Doing everything under one roof is an idea both old and new. Tesla’s industrial system is at first glance an embrace of Silicon Valley’s “full stack ”—internalising all aspects of production, and therefore all the profits. Elon Musk, Tesla’s **opinionated** boss, once claimed that his company was “absurdly vertically integrated” by any standard, not just the car industry’s.

Answer 214

fixtures Mostly they just bought what they loved without knowing where it would go, and usually a good place in the villa revealed itself.” The De Santises commissioned the Murano glassmakers Barovier & Toso to design sconces and chandeliers for the entire villa, including six spectacular two-metre-tall **fixture**s set into the windows of the triple-height entrance hall.

Answer 215

robić coś, a nie tylko o tym mówić; poprzeć słowa czynami “The large brands have no skin in the game. They don’t own hotels. When they say, ‘You have to rip out your tubs and put in showers, or you have to have 24-hour room service, even if you have an empty hotel’, franchisees don’t like rules that don’t make sense,”Murray says. “When we come up with brand standards… we have to live with them. We’re **putting our money where our mouth is**.”

Answer 216

to home in on Here’s the big distinction: High performers are also working on skills that focus on what I call their primary field of interest (PFI). They aren’t scattershot learners. They’ve **homed in on** their passionate interests, and they set up activities or routines to develop skill in those areas.

Answer 217

ogarniać kogoś (np. ogarnął mnie strach) Fast’s demise is a sign of that the years-long startup boom is going through a sharp correction. Soaring inflation, supply chain chaos and the war in Ukraine are causing a wave of uncertainty to **wash over** the global economy.

Answer 218

uciskać, zwężać, ograniczać swobodę By the government’s own reckoning, failure to mobilise private capital would make the funds into just another state subsidy. In practice, the role of the private sector is fuzzy and **constricted**.

Answer 219

początkowe problemy, początkowe trudności In 2020 VW created a separate software arm, cariad, to sidestep its slow decision-making bureaucracy. Despite **teething troubles** with the programs for its id.3 hatchback that surfaced at the end of 2019, the firm has recently said that it aims to develop most of its own software in 15 years’ time, up from about 10% now.

Answer 220

resentment As “asset light” hoteliers, Hilton, IHG and the other big chains use such standards to ensure guests receive a uniform experience. But expansive requirements – particularly for physical standards, known as ADC (architecture, design and construction) – can and do lead to **resentment** among building owners and franchisees who have to foot the bills.

Answer 221

drwiący, szyderczy (np. śmiech) Non-traditional investors piled into speculative startups: venture arms of large companies from Salesforce to ExxonMobil, New York hedge funds such as Coatue and Tiger Global, Wall Street buyout barons and other “tourists”, as they are **derisively** known in VC’s Silicon Valley heartland. New tech hubs mushroomed around the world, from Beijing to Bangalore.

Answer 222

writ large Instead of showing upward progress, the idea of God invariably showed degeneration from pristine monotheistic belief in a sky god, who was known as father and creator of the moral law, to polytheistic decadence, where gods were nothing more than humans **writ large** or demons, who stood ready to implement the corrupt desires of those who prayed to them for favors.

Answer 223

w tajemnicy It won’t discuss strategy, however. Though the family is more open about its commitments to society, it keeps business matters tightly **under wraps**.

Answer 224

on-the-ground Overnight, signs that read Courtyard, Candlewood Suites and Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza came down, replaced by newly invented brand names and signage. The hotel buildings themselves and **on-the-ground** staff remained the same.

Answer 225

tu: gafa Hitchens referred to Dennett’s rhetorical **blunder** as a “cringe-making proposal,” but, “it perfectly encapsulates the self-satisfaction of the secularist mentality: ‘Were intelligent, informed, and rational, while religious believers are stupid, ignorant, and irrational, not at all bright like us.’”

Answer 226

to make somebody tick Hybrids “should be a transitory technology,” says Terrence Curtin, CEO of auto supplier TE Connectivity (TEL), while noting that Toyota will have to “play a little bit of catch up.” Ford’s chief executive, Jim Farley, who worked at Toyota from 1990 to 2007, helping launch the Toyota Tundra full-size pickup, says simply, “I don’t know what **makes them tick**.”

Deck no. 30 Flashcards

(250 cards)