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Flashcards in deep pain and pressure sensation Deck (21)
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0
Q

what are deep pain sensations mediated by in the spinal column?

A

dorsal columns of the spinal cord transfer deep pain sensations

1
Q

deep pain sensations are more ______ and less well ___________ than superficial pain

A

deep pain sensations are more diffuse and less well localized than superficial pain

2
Q

how are deep pain sensations generally tested?

A

pressing on deep structures that do not have much overlying tissue containing superficial pain receptors

3
Q

what would indicate a positive finding during a deep pain sensation test?

A

loss of pain sensation in tissue

4
Q

what is Abadie’s sign?

A

pinching the achilles tendon

5
Q

what is Pitre’s sign?

A

pinching the testicles

6
Q

how is Biernacki sign performed?

A

pinching or striking the ulnar nerve

7
Q

how else can deep pain be tested?

A

putting pressure on the eyeball

8
Q

when deep pain is diminished, what does it usually indicate?

A

Dorsal column disease with tabesdorsalis as the classic example

9
Q

what are multimodal sensations?

A

a combination of both superficial and deep sensation

10
Q

what do multimodal sensations integrate with?

A

higher cortical functions and memory

11
Q

what is the procedure for sterognosis?

A

place a common object in the patients hand while their eyes are closed. the patient should be able to identify the object within a few seconds without switching hands. Check BOTH hands

12
Q

what is the procedure for Barognosis?

A

Patient assesses the relative weights of similarly sized and shaped objects that have different weights

13
Q

what is the procedure for topognosis?

A

touch the patient somewhere on the skin and have them point to the area touched

14
Q

what is the procedure for Graphognosis?

A

test the patient by writing a letter or number on their chest, back or palm of the hand and have them identify it

15
Q

what is the procedure for 2-point discrimination?

A

touch the patient in two points at the same time and move them closer together until they can only identify 1 point

16
Q

what are the normal ranges of 2 point discrimination for fingertips, dorsum of fingers, palm, and the dorsum of the hand?

A

fingertips 2-4mm
dorsum of the fingers 4-6mm
palm 8-12mm
dorsum of the hand 20-30mm

17
Q

what is Somatognosis?

A

the ability of the patient to know a body part is their own body part

18
Q

what is the procedure for the somatognosis test?

A

place your arm next to the patient’s arm and ask them to “touch your own arm with your finger”

19
Q

what is Nosognosis?

A

the ability for the patient to know that they are ill

20
Q

how do you test Nosognosis?

A

even with overwhelming evidence of a neurological disease such as hemiplegia (some serious and obvious shit), they will deny that there is a problem… basically some serious denial issues!