Definitions

Question 1

abstraction

Answer 1

picking out the important bits of information

Question 2

algorithm

Answer 2

a step by step set of rules or instructions

Question 3

argument

Answer 3

a value that a parameter of a sub program actually takes

Question 4

arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

Answer 4

the part of the CPU that carries out arithmetic and Boolean operations

Question 5

array

Answer 5

a data structure where all the data is stored and defined under one variable name

Question 6

ASCII

Answer 6

a 7 bit character set consisting of 128 characters

Question 7

assembler

Answer 7

a program that turns assembly language into machine code

Question 8

Boolean

Answer 8

Boolean data can take one of two values, either true or false

Question 9

byte

Answer 9

8 bits

Question 10

cache

Answer 10

quick access memory inside the CPU

Question 11

casting

Answer 11

a way of changing from one data type to another

Question 12

character

Answer 12

a single alphanumeric symbol

Question 13

character set

Answer 13

a group of characters that a computer recognises from their binary representation

Question 14

clock speed

Answer 14

the number of instructions a processor can carry out each second

Question 15

cloud computing

Answer 15

the use of the internet to store files and provide software

Question 16

code editor

Answer 16

part of an IDE where you write and edit your source code

Question 17

colour depth

Answer 17

the number of bits used for each pixel in an image file

Question 18

comment

Answer 18

a note added to source code to say what part of a program does

Question 19

compiler

Answer 19

a programming tool to translate source code into machine code

Question 20

constant

Answer 20

a named value which cannot be altered as the program is running

Question 21

control unit (CU)

Answer 21

the part of the CPU that provides control and timing signals

Question 22

decomposition

Answer 22

breaking a problem down into smaller problems

Question 23

domain name server (DNS)

Answer 23

a server which stores website domain names and their IP addresses

Question 24

dynamic IP address

Answer 24

an IP address which is automatically assigned to a device before it accesses a network

Question 25

erroneous data

Answer 25

test data that a program isn't designed to accept

Question 26

e-waste

Answer 26

discarded computer material

Question 27

extended ASCII

Answer 27

an 8 bit character set consisting of 256 characters

Question 28

extreme data

Answer 28

test data on the boundary of what the program will accept

Question 29

final testing

Answer 29

when the testing stage of the software development cycle is only done once to check the software meets all the initial requirements

Question 30

function

Answer 30

a sub program that takes parameters and returns a value

Question 31

gigabyte

Answer 31

1000 megabytes

Question 32

high-level language

Answer 32

a programming language like C++ and Java that is easy for humans to understand

Question 33

IDE

Answer 33

a piece of software to help a programmer develop programs

Question 34

interger

Answer 34

a numerical data type for whole numbers

Question 35

interpreter

Answer 35

a translator that turns the source code into machine code and runs it one instruction at a time

Question 36

IP address

Answer 36

a unique identifier given to a device when it accesses an IP network

Question 37

iterative testing

Answer 37

repeated testing done during the development of a program

Question 38

kilobyte

Answer 38

1000 bytes

Question 39

logic error

Answer 39

when a program does something that was not intended

Question 40

loop

Answer 40

a set of instructions that the program repeats until a condition is met or count is reached

Question 41

lossless compression

Answer 41

temporarily removing data from a file to decrease the file size

Question 42

lossy compression

Answer 42

permanently removing data from the file to decrease the file size

Question 43

low-level language

Answer 43

a programming language that is close to what a CPU would actually do and is written for specific hardware

Question 44

MAC address

Answer 44

a unique identifier assigned to a device that cannot be changed

Question 45

megabytes

Answer 45

1000 kilobytes