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Definitions Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Abnormal Pitch

A

Pitch is consistently too low or too high for age and sex

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2
Q

Pitch Breaks

A

Pitch shows sudden and uncontrolled variation

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3
Q

Monopitch

A

Voice is characterized by monopitch or monotone. Voice lacks normal pitch variation

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4
Q

Voice Tremor

A

Voice shows fairly regular tremor, usually in 4-7 Hz range

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5
Q

Monoloudness

A

Voice shows monotony of loudness. It lacks normal variations in loudness

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6
Q

Excess Loudness Variation

A

Voice shows sudden, uncontrolled alterations in loudness, sometimes becoming too loud, sometimes too quiet

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7
Q

Loudness Decay

A

Progressive diminution or decay of loudness within an utterance

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8
Q

Alternating Loudness

A

Alternating changes in loudness within an utterance

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9
Q

Loudness Level (overall)

A

Voice is up sufficiently or excessively loud

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10
Q

Harsh Voice

A

Voice is harsh, rough, and raspy

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11
Q

Hoarse (wet) Voice

A

There is wet, “liquid sounds” hoarseness

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12
Q

Breathy Voice, or Breathiness (continuous)

A

Voice is continuously breathy

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13
Q

Breathy Voice, or Breathiness (transient)

A

Breathiness is transient or itermittent

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14
Q

Strained (strained-strangled) Voice

A

Voice quality sounds strained or strangled (an apparently effortful squeezing of voice through glottis)

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15
Q

Voice Stoppages (interruptions/arrests)

A

There are sudden stoppages of voice, as if airflow has been impeded

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16
Q

Hypernasality

A

Resonance is excessively nasally

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17
Q

Hyponasality

A

Resonance is hyponasal/denasal

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18
Q

Nasal Emission

A

There is nasal emission of air during speech, sometimes audible

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19
Q

Forces Inspiration-Expiration

A

Speech is interrupted by sudden inspiration or expiration

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20
Q

Audible Inspiration

A

Audible, breathy inspiration

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21
Q

Grunt at End of Expiration

A

There is a grunt at the end of expiration during speech

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22
Q

Rate, slow or fast

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A

A rate of speech that is abnormally slow or rapid

23
Q

Short Phrases

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A

Phrases are short, possibly because inspirations occur more often than normal. It sounds as if the speaker has run out of air. Often associated with reduced maximum vowel duration

24
Q

Increased Rate in Segments (accelerated rate)

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A

Rate increases progressively within given segments of connected speech

25
Increased Rate of Overall (rapid rate)
Rate increases progressively from beginning to end of sample
26
Reduced Stress
Speech shows reduction of proper stress or emphasis patterns
27
Variable Rate
Rate varies within or across utterances
28
Prolonged Intervals
There is prolongation of inter word or intersyllable intervals
29
Inappropriate Silences
There are inappropriate silent intervals
30
Short Rushes of Speech
There are short, rapid rushes of speech separated by pauses
31
Excess and Equal Stress
There is excess stress on usually unstressed syllables or parts of speech
32
Imprecise Consonants/Articulation
Consonants lack precision. They show inadequate sharpness, distortions, and lack crispness
33
Prolonged Phonemes
Phonemes are prolonged
34
Repeated Phonemes or Syllables
There are slow or rapid repetitions of phonemes
35
Irregular Articulatory Breakdowns
There are intermittent, no systematic breakdowns in articulatory precision
36
Distorted Vowels
Vowels are distorted in their phonetic accuracy
37
Diplophonia
Simultaneous perception of two different pitches
38
Vocal Flutter
Rapid, relatively low-amplitude voice tremor or tremulousness (perceived as in the 7-12 Hz range), usually most apparent during vowel prolongation
39
Reduced Maximum Vowel Duration
Maximum vowel duration is reduced, often reflecting respiratory and/or laryngeal weakness
40
Inhalatory Stridor
Similar to audible inspiration but characterized by actual rough phonation due to vocal fold approximation and oscillation during inhalation
41
Palatal-Pharyngeal-Laryngeal Myoclonus/Slow Tremor
1-4 Hz rhythmic tremor-like “beats” in the voice, sometimes sufficient to cause brief voice arrests, usually heard only during vowel prolongation
42
Weak (sometimes nasalized) pressure consonants
Pressure consonants lack acoustic distinctiveness or are weak because of excessive nasal airflow or incomplete articulatory contacts during their production; may have a nasal quality
43
Slow AMR’s or Fast AMR’s
Speech AMR’s are slow or fast
44
Irregular AMR’s
Speech AMR’s are irregular in duration, pitch, or loudness
45
Galloping AMR’s
AMR’s produced with a recurring, rhythmic cadence
46
Vocal Tics (involuntary noises/sounds)
Repetitive, rapid, apparently involuntary noises or sounds (i.e., throat clearing, lip smacking, grunting) produced in isolation or during voluntary speech
47
Palilalia
Compulsive repetition of words or phrases, usually in a context of accelerating rate and decreasing loudness
48
Coprolalia
Involuntary, compulsive, repetitive obscene language or swearing, uttered loudly, softly, or incompletely
49
Distorted Substitutions
Sound substitutions that are also distorted (i.e., imprecise, poorly distinguished voicing features, abnormal resonance)
50
Distorted Additions
Sound additions that are also distorted
51
Distorted Articulatory Groping
Audible or visible groping for articulatory postures in which sounds are distorted or movements are awkward or slow
52
Syllable Segmentation
Syllables in multisyllablic utterances are segmented from one another, as if produced as separate, not coarticulated units
53
Increased Errors with Increased Rate
Distorted substitutions, additions, or groping increase as utterance length or complexity increases
54
Poorly Produced SMR’s
SMR’s are characterized by distorted substitutions, additions, repetitions, or groping; any sequencing errors are distorted; rate is usually slower than AMR’s

Motor Speech (2 decks)

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