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AP GOV > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

politics

A

the process of influencing the actions and policies of government

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2
Q

government

A

the rules and institutions that make up that system of policymaking

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3
Q

democracy

A

a system of government where power is held by the people

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4
Q

natural rights

A

the right to life, liberty, and property, which the government cannot take away

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5
Q

social contract

A

people allow the government to rule over them to ensure an orderly and functioning society

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6
Q

popular sovereignty

A

the idea that the government’s right to rule comes from the people

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7
Q

republicanism

A

a system in which the government’s authority comes from the people

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8
Q

un/inalienable rights

A

rights the government cannot take away –> the first amendment

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9
Q

liberty

A

social, political, and economic freedoms

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10
Q

participatory democracy

A

a theory that wide spread political participation is essential for democratic government

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11
Q

civil society groups

A

independent associations outside the government’s control

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12
Q

pluralist theory

A

a theory of democracy that emphasizes the role of groups in the policy making process

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13
Q

elitist theory

A

a theory of democracy that the elites have a disproportionate amount of influence in the policymaking process

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14
Q

political institutions

A

the structure of government leading the executive, legislature, and judiciary

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15
Q

constitutional republic

A

a democratic system with elected representatives in which the constitution is the supreme law.

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16
Q

constitution

A

a document that sets out fundamental principles of governance and establishes institution of government

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17
Q

republic

A

a government ruled by the representatives of the people

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18
Q

unicameral

A

a one-house legislature

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19
Q

bicameral

A

a two-house legislature

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20
Q

Article I creates …

A

The legislative branch: congress

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21
Q

Article II creates….

A

The executive branch: the cabinet, different agencies

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22
Q

Article III creates…

A

The judicial branch, supreme court system

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23
Q

separation of powers

A

3 branches are separate but equal

24
Q

checks & balance

A

the branches have checks and restraints on one another

25
Q

Ratification

A

to make official or approve

26
Q

federalists

A

wanted the constitution to be radicalized

27
Q

anti-federalists

A

did not want the constitution to be radicalized

28
Q

what does federalist paper 51 address?

A

The check and balances that are created in order to give national and state gov. about the same amount of power

29
Q

what does federalist paper 10 address?

A

Address the dangers of factions.

30
Q

What does brutus address?

A

That like minded people should be apart of the government, and that the country is too large for the constitution to work

31
Q

federalism

A

the division of the power between nation, state, and local government

31
Q

unitary

A

one agency, one government

32
Q

What does the 10th amendment address ?

A

All powers not given to the federal government are reserved to the state

33
Q

What does expressed imply?

A

that it is written in the constitution. Ex: to declare war

34
Q

What does implied imply?

A

to take what’s written in the constitution and fit it into society. Ex. interstate highway system

35
Q

What does inherent imply?

A

a given, took up on a power because we have to. Ex. immigration

36
Q

What does reserved imply?

A

State powers: ex. state license, fishing license, gun license.

37
Q

What does local imply?

A

local powers: ex. curfews

38
Q

What does concurrent imply?

A

decided by either state or federal powers. Ex. taxes

39
Q

Delegated powers are

A

powers granted to the national government under the constitution.

40
Q

The necessary and proper clause describes

A

Located: Article 1, section 8
Describes: Gives Congress ‘implied powers’

41
Q

full faith and credit clause

(recognize…)

A

constitution clause requiring dates to recognize public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from other states.
Ex. marriage license, driver’s licence

42
Q

extradition

A

if you commit a crime and go to another state, you can be sent back to the states where it occurred

43
Q

privileges and immunities clause

diff. states…

A

constitutional clause prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state

44
Q

13th amendement

A

no slavery

45
Q

14th amendment

A

equal rights for citizens-due process

46
Q

15th amendment

A

black men can vote after civil war

47
Q

dual federalism

A

when federal and state governments work separately

48
Q

cooperative federalism

A

state and federal governments work together

49
Q

selective incorporation

(the supreme court applies…)

A

supreme court applies rights in a case-by-case basis

50
Q

grants in aid

(with an objective)

A

federal money provided to states to implement and objective

51
Q

fiscal federalism

A

federal govt.’s use of grant-in-aids to influence policies in the state

52
Q

categorical

(grants)

specific

A

grant in aids to provide states in specific provisions of their use

53
Q

mandates

A

federal requirements of the state

54
Q

block grant

A

a type of grant in aid that gives state officials more authority in the disembursment of federal funds

55
Q

devolution

(devolver)

A

returning authority to state or local government

56
Q

John Locke’s social contract theory includes:

A

natural rights, and the idea of social contracts

AP GOV (9 decks)

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