Definitions

Question 1

What is aerobic work?

Answer 1

Working at a moderate intensity so that the body has time to use oxygen for energy production.

Examples include long-distance events and continuous activities.

Question 2

Define fitness.

Answer 2

The ability to meet the demands of the environment.

Fitness allows the body to work for a continuous period.

Question 3

What is fixed practice?

Answer 3

Repeatedly practising a whole skill within a training session.

This method is often used for skills like long-distance running.

Question 4

What does anaerobic work entail?

Answer 4

Working at a high intensity without oxygen for energy production, resulting in limited energy and shorter work periods.

An example is sprinting.

Question 5

What are antagonistic muscle pairs?

Answer 5

Pairs of muscles that work together to bring about movement; as one muscle contracts (agonist), the other relaxes (antagonist).

Example: biceps and triceps.

Question 6

What does gamesmanship refer to?

Answer 6

Bending the rules/laws of a sport without actually breaking them.

Question 7

What is an axis in anatomical terms?

Answer 7

A line around which the body or body part can turn.

Question 8

Define guidance in skill learning.

Answer 8

Information to aid the learning of a skill, which can be given visually, verbally, manually, or mechanically.

Question 9

What is a basic skill?

Answer 9

A simple skill requiring little concentration to execute.

Question 10

What characterizes a closed skill?

Answer 10

A skill performed in a predictable environment.

Example: a player taking a penalty in football.

Question 11

Define health.

Answer 11

A state of complete emotional, physical, and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.

Question 12

What is a complex skill?

Answer 12

A skill requiring a lot of attention and concentration.

Question 13

What is deviance in sports?

Answer 13

Behaviour that goes against the moral values or laws of the sport.

Question 14

Define high organisation skill.

Answer 14

A skill that cannot be broken down easily and practiced separately because the phases of the skill are closely linked.

Question 15

What is distributed practice?

Answer 15

Skill practice with intervals within a training session for rest or mental rehearsal.

Question 16

What is hydration?

Answer 16

The process by which water is ingested and absorbed into the body.

Question 17

Define exercise.

Answer 17

A form of physical activity done to maintain or improve health and/or fitness - not competitive sport.

Question 18

What is energy balance?

Answer 18

Balance between energy input (via food) and energy expenditure.

Question 19

What is lactate accumulation?

Answer 19

When lactate levels in the blood/muscle rise due to increased work intensity.

Question 20

What is feedback in a performance context?

Answer 20

Information received during or after a performance about the performance.

Question 21

What is lactic acid?

Answer 21

A by-product of energy production, formed when the body is exercising anaerobically at high intensity.

Question 22

Define lever in biomechanics.

Answer 22

A rigid bar that rotates around a fulcrum to apply a force to a load.

Question 23

What is a lifestyle choice?

Answer 23

The choices we make about how we live and behave that impact our health.

Question 24

What is a low organisation skill?

Answer 24

A basic skill that can be broken down easily into different phases so each part can be practiced separately.

Question 25

Define macronutrient.

Answer 25

A type of food required in relatively large amounts in the diet. ## Footnote Examples include carbohydrates and fats.

Question 26

What is massed practice?

Answer 26

Practice that occurs without rest between trials.

Question 27

Define mechanical advantage.

Answer 27

Ability to allow a large load to be moved with a relatively small amount of muscular effort.

Question 28

What is mechanical disadvantage?

Answer 28

Inability to allow a large load to be moved, except with a relatively large amount of muscular effort.

Question 29

Define micronutrient.

Answer 29

A type of food required in relatively small quantities in the diet. ## Footnote Examples include vitamins and minerals.

Question 30

What are muscle fibre types?

Answer 30

Muscle fibres that make up the skeletal muscle, including type I, type IIa, and type IIx.

Question 31

What characterizes an open skill?

Answer 31

Skill performed in an unpredictable environment where the performer has to react and adjust.

Question 32

What is optimum weight?

Answer 32

The weight someone should be, based on their sex, height, bone structure, and muscle girth.

Question 33

What is a sedentary lifestyle?

Answer 33

Where there is little, irregular, or no physical activity.

Question 34

Define sportsmanship.

Answer 34

Qualities of fairness, following the rules, and being gracious in defeat or victory.

Question 35

What is variable practice?

Answer 35

A training session that includes frequent changes of task so that the skill can be repeated in different situations.

Question 36

Define vascular shunting.

Answer 36

Process that increases blood flow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas.

Question 37

What is vasoconstriction?

Answer 37

Narrowing of the internal diameter of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow.

Question 38

Define vasodilation.

Answer 38

Widening of the internal diameter of the blood vessel to allow increased blood flow.