definitions

Question 1

features of homologous series

Answer 1

-same general formula
-similar chemical properties
-trend in physical properties
-each differs from the next by CH2

Question 2

general formula

Answer 2

shows number of atoms of each element in a compound with n carbon atoms

Question 3

molecular formula

Answer 3

shows actual number of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 4

empirical formula

Answer 4

shows simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound

Question 5

structural isomerism

Answer 5

same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 6

stereoisomerism

Answer 6

same structural formula but bonds are arranged differently in space

Question 7

cracking

Answer 7

breaking of longer-chain alkanes into smaller ones

Question 8

free radical

Answer 8

reactive species due to presence of unpaired electron

Question 9

E isomer

Answer 9

higher priority groups attached to each C are on oppositE sides of double bond

Question 10

Z isomer

Answer 10

higher priority groups attached to each C are on the same side of the double bond

Question 11

major product

Answer 11

forms from the most stable carbocation

Question 12

addition polymerisation

Answer 12

large number of monomers join to form an unreactive polymer

Question 13

molecular ion (for electron impact ionisation)

Answer 13

molecule with an electron knocked off

Question 14

molecular ion (for electrospray ionisation)

Answer 14

molecule with a H⁺

Question 15

fingerprint region

Answer 15

area below 1500cm⁻¹ which is unique for any substance and can be used to identify a compound by looking for an exact match in an online database

Question 16

condensation reaction

Answer 16

two molecules join together, involving elimination of a small molecules