Definitions Flashcards
The process of tumor formation
Neoplasia
“New growth” composed of cells originally derived from normal tissues that have undergone heritable genetic changes
Neoplasm
Study of tumor or neoplasms
Oncology
Malignant tumors of epithelial origin
Carcinoma
The formation & development of collagen-rich fibrous CT stroma
Desmoplasia
Reversible change in which one adult cell type is replaced by another adult cell type of the same germ line.
Metaplasia
Areas within epithelia in which we have hyperplasia but also a degree of disorganization of cells and proliferation of cells
dysplasia
Malignant tumor arising from skeletal muscle
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Malignant tumor arising from cartilage
Osteosarcoma
Malignant tumor arising from fibroblasts
Fibrosarcoma
Tumors arising from multiple cell types derived from a single or multiple germ cell layers- Pluropotential or totipotential cell
Mixed tumors
Benign tumor of the islet cells in pancreas
Insulinoma
4 general classes of tumors
- Mesenchymal tumors
- Epithelial tumors
- Undifferentiated tumors
- Mixed tumors
Tumors that arise from totipotent germ cells that contain tissues derived from all embryonic cell layers and consist of a bizarre mixture of adult and embryonic tissue types.
Teratomas
Features of a benign tumor
- Grow Slowly
- Expansive growth
- Well demarcated
- Never metastasize
- Well differentiated (resemble cell of origin)
Features of a malignant tumor
- Grow quickly
- Infiltrative growth
- borders are unclear
- Capability to metastasize (Crab-like pattern of growth)
Anaplasia (Cellular atypia) is characterized by:
- Very large nuclei
- Pleomorphism
- Abnormal nuclear morphology
- High mitotic rate
- Loss of polarity (disorganization)
A malignant tumor of epithelial origin that is still within the basement membrane (not invading neighboring tissue)
Carcinoma in situ
A benign tumor arising from the skin
Papilloma
A benign tumor arising from mucosal surface in nasal cavity
Nasal polyp
Malignant tumor arising from epithelium present within lungs
Adenocarcinoma (From a gland)
Tumor of the kidney present in children and pigs
Nephroblastoma
Cells that do not replicate
Permanent cells
Quiescent/ stable cells
cells that do not usually replicate but have the capacity to do so (hepatocytes)
